Abstract: This article is determined to give a universal definition of “semantic poetry” as a philosophical-cultural phenomenon of the XX century and as a “cumulative center” of neo-Acmeist paradigm, trace its conceptually oriented towards the Antiquity origin, dialogues of Socrates and Plato, peculiarities of the chronotope, creative evolution and boundaries, which in turn means classification of methodology and principles of its artistic-historical reconstruction. Thus, this research is an attempt to build a philosophical-cultural paradigm of neo-Acmeism, as well as certain universal methodology of hermeneutic analysis of poetry (W. Dilthey)in the context of synergetic coexistence of philosophy and philology (literary science). The author makes the appropriate conclusion that in “semantic poetry” of neo-Acmeism there are certain stable ontological constants (individualism, anthropocentrism, rebirth of cultural archetypes and mythologems of the past, universalism of poetic innovations, etc.), in other words, an inner mental “code” which considers individuality of the each separate poet-creator, but at the same time does not allow the philosophical-cultural paradigm to diffuse (Y. M. Lotman), but rather at times combine within its boundaries the completely different creators, giving the paradigm longevity and sustainability throughout the XX-XXI centuries. Such “code” becomes its value-conceptual constant, justifying the succession and uniqueness of its development as an integral research strategy, which allows reconstructing the philosophical-cultural paradigm of neo-Acmeism in the constantly updating historical context over and over.

Keywords: Cultural code, Philosophy of life, Ontological concept, Sense-originating semantics, Metatext , Philosophical-cultural paradigm, Semantic poetry, Mythology, Phenomenology, Neo-Acmeism

References:
Akhmatova A. Sobr. soch. V 6 t. T. 3. M.: Ellis Lak, 1998.
Struve P. Slovo i Dukh. Parizh: YMCA-Press, 1981.
Kikhney L.G. Poeziya Anny Akhmatovoy. Tayny remesla. M.: MAKS Press, 1997.
Kikhney L.G., Fomenko O.E. «Tak molyus' za Tvoey liturgiey…»: Khristianskaya vera i poeziya Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: MAKS Press, 2000.
Levin Yu.I., Segal D.M., Timenchik R.D., Toporov V.N., Tsiv'yan T.V. Russkaya semanticheskaya kul'turnaya paradigma // Russian Literature (Hague). 1974. ¹ 7-8. R. 49-50.
Khalizev V.E. Teoriya literatury. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005.
Esin A.B. Vremya i prostranstvo // Vvedenie v literaturovedenie. Ucheb. posobie / Pod red. L.V. Chernets. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2000.
Gusserl' E. // Spirkin A.G. Filosofiya: Uchebnik. M.: Gardariki, 2006.
Musatov V.V. «V to vremya ya gostila na zemle…». Lirika Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: Slovari.ru, 2009.
Sluzhevskaya I. Kitezhanka. Poeziya Akhmatovoy: Tridtsatye gody. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2008.
Remizov A. Dnevnik. Zapis' ot 19 noyabrya 1955 g. // Kodryanskaya N. Aleksey Remizov. Parizh: YMCA-Press, 1959.
Kanke V.A. Filosofiya: Istoricheskiy i sistematicheskiy kurs. M.: Logos, 2006.
Antologiya akmeizma: Stikhi. Manifesty. Stat'i. Zametki. Memuary / Vstup. stat'ya, sost. i primechaniya T.A. Bek. M.: AST, 1997.
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Timenchik R.D. Zametki ob akmeizme // Russian Literature. Amsterdam. 1974. ¹ 7-8.
Lekmanov O.A. Akmeisty // Kritika russkogo postsimvolizma / Sost., vstupit. st., preambuly i primech. O.A. Lekmanova. M.: Olimp; AST, 2002.
Struve Gleb. O.E. Mandel'shtam. Opyt biografii i kriticheskogo kommentariya // Mandel'shtam O.E. Sobr. soch. N'yu-York, 1955.
Lekmanov O.A. Kniga ob akmeizme. M.: Moskovskiy kul'turologicheskiy Litsey, 1998.
Chervinskaya O. Akmeizm v kontekste serebryanogo veka i traditsii. Chernovtsy; Ruta, 1997.
Pakhareva T.A. Opyt akmeizma (akmeisticheskaya sostavlyayushchaya sovremennoy russkoy poezii). Kiev: Parlament. izd-vo, 2004.
Skryabina T. Akmeizm // Entsiklopediya «KRUGOSVET». M.: Progress-Pleyada, 2008.
Kikhney L.G. Filosofsko-esteticheskie printsipy akmeizma i khudozhestvennaya praktika Osipa Mandel'shtama. M.: Dialog-MGU, 1997

References (transliteration):
Akhmatova A. Sobr. soch. V 6 t. T. 3. M.: Ellis Lak, 1998.
Struve P. Slovo i Dukh. Parizh: YMCA-Press, 1981.
Kikhney L.G. Poeziya Anny Akhmatovoy. Tayny remesla. M.: MAKS Press, 1997.
Kikhney L.G., Fomenko O.E. «Tak molyus' za Tvoey liturgiey…»: Khristianskaya vera i poeziya Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: MAKS Press, 2000.
Levin Yu.I., Segal D.M., Timenchik R.D., Toporov V.N., Tsiv'yan T.V. Russkaya semanticheskaya kul'turnaya paradigma // Russian Literature (Hague). 1974. ¹ 7-8. R. 49-50.
Khalizev V.E. Teoriya literatury. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005.
Esin A.B. Vremya i prostranstvo // Vvedenie v literaturovedenie. Ucheb. posobie / Pod red. L.V. Chernets. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2000.
Gusserl' E. // Spirkin A.G. Filosofiya: Uchebnik. M.: Gardariki, 2006.
Musatov V.V. «V to vremya ya gostila na zemle…». Lirika Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: Slovari.ru, 2009.
Sluzhevskaya I. Kitezhanka. Poeziya Akhmatovoy: Tridtsatye gody. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2008.
Remizov A. Dnevnik. Zapis' ot 19 noyabrya 1955 g. // Kodryanskaya N. Aleksey Remizov. Parizh: YMCA-Press, 1959.
Kanke V.A. Filosofiya: Istoricheskiy i sistematicheskiy kurs. M.: Logos, 2006.
Antologiya akmeizma: Stikhi. Manifesty. Stat'i. Zametki. Memuary / Vstup. stat'ya, sost. i primechaniya T.A. Bek. M.: AST, 1997.
Peterburgskie sny Anny Akhmatovoy / Sost., vstup. stat'ya, rekonstruktsiya teksta i komment. S.A. Kovalenko. SPb.: Rostok, 2004.
Timenchik R.D. Zametki ob akmeizme // Russian Literature. Amsterdam. 1974. ¹ 7-8.
Lekmanov O.A. Akmeisty // Kritika russkogo postsimvolizma / Sost., vstupit. st., preambuly i primech. O.A. Lekmanova. M.: Olimp; AST, 2002.
Struve Gleb. O.E. Mandel'shtam. Opyt biografii i kriticheskogo kommentariya // Mandel'shtam O.E. Sobr. soch. N'yu-York, 1955.
Lekmanov O.A. Kniga ob akmeizme. M.: Moskovskiy kul'turologicheskiy Litsey, 1998.
Chervinskaya O. Akmeizm v kontekste serebryanogo veka i traditsii. Chernovtsy; Ruta, 1997.
Pakhareva T.A. Opyt akmeizma (akmeisticheskaya sostavlyayushchaya sovremennoy russkoy poezii). Kiev: Parlament. izd-vo, 2004.
Skryabina T. Akmeizm // Entsiklopediya «KRUGOSVET». M.: Progress-Pleyada, 2008.
Kikhney L.G. Filosofsko-esteticheskie printsipy akmeizma i khudozhestvennaya praktika Osipa Mandel'shtama. M.: Dialog-MGU, 1997

Abstract: The object of this research is a spatial archetype of bridge. The subject of this research is the processes of human identification and spatial orientation, which characterize the role of bridges in creating a city image, as well as the correlation between a man and a place in the spatial concept of being. The authors analyze bridges as one of the most remarkable architectural elements that serve as subjects of psychological identification. Another aspect of the revealed topic is the role of bridges in spatial orientation that is functionally necessary and able to deliver a feeling of satisfaction, and rather completeness of the daily experience with existential meanings. The general philosophical methodology of this work is based on M. Heidegger’s principles of existentialism; the architectural methodology is based on the elements of C. Norberg-Schulz’ concept of the “spirit of place” (Genius Loci), K. Lynch’ theory of the urban spatial organization, J. Pallasmaa’s  “architecture of images”, and C. Jencks’ philosophy of modern architecture. One of the results of this research is an extensive substantiation on the exceptional role of bridges in man’s cultivation of the nature and urbanized landscape, as well as in revelation of the quality of place, its compilation and structuring. The authors conclude that bridges always play leading roles in spatial orientation that represents a function of the clarity of city image, the elements of which, according to K. Lynch’s theory, are the ways, limits, centers, landmarks, and districts. The scientific novelty consists in the attempt of combining the philosophical, theoretical-architectural, and linguistic discourses in examination of a spatial archetype of bridges, as well as in their systemic and detailed description from the perspective of the selected methodology.  

Keywords: identification, M. Heidegger, orientation, dwelling space, genius loci, being in the world, Chr. Norberg-Schulz, K. Lynch, city image, bridge

References:
Baksanskiy O.E. Kognitivnye reprezentatsii kartiny mira: ot zdravogo smysla k nauchnomu poznaniyu/ // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2014.-3.-C. 266-274. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.3.11474
Shuazi O. Vseobshchaya istoriya arkhitektury. M.: Eksmo, 2008. 704 s.
Puteshestvie stol'nika P. A. Tolstogo po Evrope 1697-1699. M.: Nauka, 1992. 387 c.
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Proekt «Florentsiya» URL: http://firenze.2bb.ru/viewtopic.php?id=68 (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Three-way bridge. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-way_bridge (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Toporov V. N. Prostranstvo i tekst. // Tekst: semantika i struktura. M.: Nauka, 1983. S. 263-264.
Linch K. Obraz goroda / Per. s angl. V.L. Glazycheva. M.: Stroyizdat, 1982. 328 c.
Dupre J. Bridges. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal, 1996. 128 p.
Metafory v peregovorakh – eto mosty. URL: http://alexanderkondratovich.com/harvard-program-on-negotiation/metafory-v-peregovorax-%E2%80%93-eto-mosty.html (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Samarkin V. V. Istoricheskaya geografiya Zapadnoy Evropy v srednie veka. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1976.
Riley D. The London Bridge station area // Burland J. B., Standing J. R., Jardine F. M. Building Response to Tunneling: Case Studies from Construction of the Jubilee line Extension, London. Vol. 1. London: ICE Publishing. 2001. P. 103.
Khaydegger M. Iskusstvo i prostranstvo // Khaydegger M. Vremya i bytie: Stat'i i vystupleniya. M.: Respublika, 1993. C. 312-316.
Norberg-Schulz Chr. Genius Loci, Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture. New York: Rizzoli, 1980. 216 p.
Teoreticheskie osnovaniya filosofii: problemy, ponyatiya, printsipy. URL: http://libsib.ru/filosofiya/teoreticheskie-osnovaniya-filosofii-problemi-ponyatiya-printsipi/problema-bitiya-v-filosofii (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Norberg-Schulz Chr. The concept of dwelling. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 1993. 140 p.
Heidegger M. Poetry, Language, Thought. New York: Harper and Row, 1971. 256 p.
Norberg-Shul'ts K. Zhizn' imeet mesto / K. Norberg-Shul'ts; per. s angl. V. Iovleva // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Architecton. ¹ 1–2. 1995. S. 24–31.

References (transliteration):
Baksanskiy O.E. Kognitivnye reprezentatsii kartiny mira: ot zdravogo smysla k nauchnomu poznaniyu/ // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2014.-3.-C. 266-274. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.3.11474
Shuazi O. Vseobshchaya istoriya arkhitektury. M.: Eksmo, 2008. 704 s.
Puteshestvie stol'nika P. A. Tolstogo po Evrope 1697-1699. M.: Nauka, 1992. 387 c.
Original'nyy most-park v Vashingtone URL: http://newparkculture.com/ru/news/originalnyy-most-park-v-vashingtone (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Most bol'she chem most URL: http://green-city.su/most-bolshe-chem-most (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Bishop P. Bridges. London: Reaktion, 2008.
Proekt «Florentsiya» URL: http://firenze.2bb.ru/viewtopic.php?id=68 (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Three-way bridge. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-way_bridge (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Toporov V. N. Prostranstvo i tekst. // Tekst: semantika i struktura. M.: Nauka, 1983. S. 263-264.
Linch K. Obraz goroda / Per. s angl. V.L. Glazycheva. M.: Stroyizdat, 1982. 328 c.
Dupre J. Bridges. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal, 1996. 128 p.
Metafory v peregovorakh – eto mosty. URL: http://alexanderkondratovich.com/harvard-program-on-negotiation/metafory-v-peregovorax-%E2%80%93-eto-mosty.html (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Samarkin V. V. Istoricheskaya geografiya Zapadnoy Evropy v srednie veka. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1976.
Riley D. The London Bridge station area // Burland J. B., Standing J. R., Jardine F. M. Building Response to Tunneling: Case Studies from Construction of the Jubilee line Extension, London. Vol. 1. London: ICE Publishing. 2001. P. 103.
Khaydegger M. Iskusstvo i prostranstvo // Khaydegger M. Vremya i bytie: Stat'i i vystupleniya. M.: Respublika, 1993. C. 312-316.
Norberg-Schulz Chr. Genius Loci, Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture. New York: Rizzoli, 1980. 216 p.
Teoreticheskie osnovaniya filosofii: problemy, ponyatiya, printsipy. URL: http://libsib.ru/filosofiya/teoreticheskie-osnovaniya-filosofii-problemi-ponyatiya-printsipi/problema-bitiya-v-filosofii (data obrashcheniya: 21.05.2015).
Norberg-Schulz Chr. The concept of dwelling. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 1993. 140 p.
Heidegger M. Poetry, Language, Thought. New York: Harper and Row, 1971. 256 p.
Norberg-Shul'ts K. Zhizn' imeet mesto / K. Norberg-Shul'ts; per. s angl. V. Iovleva // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Architecton. ¹ 1–2. 1995. S. 24–31.

Abstract: The article highlights three types of extreme abstraction: first, in terms of the basic forms of relations traditions and innovations; second, in the plane of man's relationship to the world; thirdly, in axiological aspect. In the foreground are identified and described anti-interactionism, reductionism and dialectical relationship of tradition and innovation; shows the presence of the growth of their interaction, given categorization of traditional and technological cultures.In a second aspect explicated abstraction contemplative, activist and co-evolutionary type of creativity. They come in a generalizing model of man's relationship with the world; dictate the nature of the very broad sense of creative activity. Traditions and traditional culture corresponds to the contemplative type of attitudes toward the world, of fabricated - an innovative form of creativity and activist type of man's relationship to the world. Dialectical relationship corresponds to a co-evolutionary model of man's attitude with the world. A contemplative and activist opposed to creative types, but have the same ontological basis of antagonism as the conflict with the dominant "struggle of opposites." The co-evolution type of creativity dominated "unity of opposites", dialog with the relationship of man and the world.In axiological terms of creativity explicated as the opposite of simulation. They are rooted in the development of reality as opposed to progress and regress. The ascending branch of the being generates creativity, as its internal determinant of ensuring its existence and prolongation; in the context of degradation, there is a degeneration of thought and creativity, creativity is simulated, it is transformed into simulation as a means and function degeneration. They are connected "law of specular": the imitation of social laws are "mirror" of their action on the ascending branch of evolution.

Keywords: unity of opposites, co-evolution, activism (constructivism),, contemplation, reductionism, anti-interactionism, tradition and innovation, creativity, simulation, the law of specular

References:
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References (transliteration):
Prokhorov M.M. Smysly i tsennost' modeli otnosheniya cheloveka s mirom // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya.-2013.-¹ 7.-S.136-240. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0174.2013.7.369. URL:http://e-notabene.ru/fr/article_369.html.
Gegel' G.V.F. Filosofiya prava // Gegel' G.V.F. Sochineniya v XIV t. T. VII. M.-L.: Gosudarstvennoe sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoe izdatel'stvo, 1934. 380 s.
Gegel' G.V.F. Filosofiya istorii // Gegel' G.V.F. Sochineniya v XIV t. T. VIII. M.-L.: Gosudarstvennoe sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoe izdatel'stvo, 1935. 470 s.
Gegel' G.V.F. Nauka logiki: V 3 tt. T. 1. M.: Mysl', 1974. 501 s.
Prokhorov M.M. Tekhnologicheskaya priroda religii. Nizhniy Novgorod: VGIPU, 2010. 327 s.
Rozin V. Myshlenie i tvorchestvo. M.: Per Se, 2006. 360 s.
Epshteyn M. Tekhnika – religiya – gumanistika//Voprosy filosofii. 2009. ¹ 12. S. 19-29.
Gurevich P.S. Poet o kul'ture // Filologiya: nauchnye issledovaniya.-2013.-2.-C. 99-101. DOI: 10.7256/2305-6177.2013.2.8846.
Gurevich P.S. Dostoinstva i iz'yany kreativnosti v obrazovanii // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2014.-4.-C. 4-7. DOI: 10.7256/2306-434X.2014.4.14160.
Prokhorov M.M. Ontologiya: «bytie i nebytie» ili «bytie i sushchee»? // Filosofskaya mysl'.-2013.-5.-C. 1-102. DOI: 10.7256/2409-8728.2013.5.284. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_284.html
Mashoshina A.A. Rol' kreativnosti lichnosti v postroenii zhiznennogo puti (metodicheskie aspekty) // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2014.-2.-C. 201-207. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.2.10461.
Gurevich P.S., Spirova E.M. Lichnostnyy rost: teoriya i praktika (Otchet o rabote Laboratorii lichnostnogo rosta Moskovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta) // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2011.-1.-C. 42-54.
Marks K., Engel's F. Manifest Kommunisticheskoy partii // Marks K., Engel's F. Soch. T. 4. M.: Politizdat, 1955. S. 435.
Gurina M. Filosofiya. M.: Respublika, 1998. 540 s.
Voslenskiy M. Nomenklatura. M.: «Zakharov», 2005. 640 s.
Prokhorov M.M. Ekonomizm kak modal'nost' beschelovechnosti // Mirovozzrencheskaya paradigma v filosofii: Modusy i modal'nosti prakticheskie i teoreticheskie: Monografiya / Pod red. prof. M.M. Prokhorova. Nizhniy Novgorod: NF MESI, 2014. S. 188-210.
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Prokhorov M.M. Atributivnoe opredelenie bytiya // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya.-2012.-¹ 5.-S.1-100. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0174.2012. 5.244. URL: http://e-notabene. ru/fr/article_244.html.
Russkiy kosmizm: Antologiya filosofskoy mysli. M.: Pedagogika-Press, 1993. 368 s.
Nikiforov A.L. Chto takoe «postneklassicheskaya nauka»? // Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. 2013. T. XXXVI. ¹ 2. S. 59-64.
Stepin V.S. Okkul'tizm i magiya v sovremennom mire // Magicheskiy kristall: Magiya glazami uchenykh i charodeev. M.: Respublika, 1994. 527 s.
Losev A.F. O mirovozzrenii//Losev A.F. Derzanie dukha. M.: Politizdat, 1988. S. 313–314.
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Berdyaev N.A. Chelovek i mashina // Voprosy filosofii. 1989. ¹ 2. S. 147-166.
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Prokhorov M.M. Filosofskie osnovaniya mirovozzreniya postneklassicheskoy epokhi. V 3 chastyakh. Ch. 1. Filosofiya osevogo vremeni. N. Novgorod: Izd-vo NF MESI, 2014. 224 s.

Abstract: The object of the research is the processes of national identity formation. The research is based on the history of Eastern European Jewish communities of the late XIXth - early XXth centuries. In his research A. Brodsky examines the role of psychological trauma in the process of national identity formation as well as the importance of such psychological factors as exclusion, repression and sublimation. Special attention is given to the processes of assimilation and self-isolation of nations in the course of their cultural development. Those processes were identified by such terms as Haskala, traditionalism, modernism, spiritual and political Zionism in the history of European culture. The author proceeds from the constructivist views on the process of nation's formation which, according to the author, can be completed with some provisions of psychoanalysis. The paper demonstrates that in both individual and national development early psychological trauma results not only in different painful symptoms and complexes, but also is a necessary moment in the development of self-conscience. National self-conscience reacts to traumatic circumstances in the two ways: firstly, through self-denying and desire to assume “a foreign identity”, i. e. assimilation; then if the first step was unsuccessful it comes to self-isolation and regression to its early states. However the stage of assimilation doesn’t go unnoticed and in the course of the following self-isolation process culture uses principles of the construction of meanings, which have been obtained at the stage of self-denial. Both self-denial and self-isolation are neurotic reactions of a nation to traumatic circumstances. However, cultural development is impossible without these reactions.

Keywords: assimilation, Haskalah, Jews, Europe, cultural exclusion, psychology, ideology, nation, self-isolation, psychological trauma

References:
Cuddihy J. M. The Ordeal of Civility: Freud, Marx, Levi-Strauss and Jewish Struggle with Modernity. New York: Basic Books, 1974. 513 p.
Gellner E. Nations and Nationalism. NY: Cornell University Press, 1983. 557 p.
Hobsbawm E. Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 211 p.
Troitskiy S., Begun B., Voloshuk E., Chertenko A. Strategies of studying zones of cultural exclusion // Modern Studies of Russian Society: A collective monograph. Helsinki: Unigrafia, 2014. P. 79 – 94.
Smirnov I.P. Psikhodiakhronologika. Psikhoistoriya russkoy literatury ot romantizma do nashikh dney. M. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. 1994. 351 s.
Brodskiy A.I. Logika istorii: razmyshleniya nad knigami I.P. Smirnova // Filosofskie nauki, 2004. ¹ 11. S.162 – 174.
Marks L. K evreyskomu voprosu // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. T.1. M. 1955. S.382-413.
Gornfel'd A. Morits Latsarus // Latsarus M. Etika yudaizma. Odessa, 1903. S. I – XXX.
Polyakov L. Istoriya antisemitizma. Moskva – Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury. 1998. 624 s.
Gess M. Pis'ma o natsionalizme. Rom und Jerusalem. Odessa. 1903. 68 s.
Bokhen'skiy Yu. Sto sueveriy. M.: Progress. 1993. 187 s.
Rozanov V.V. Apokalipsise nashego vremeni // Rozanov V.V. Sochineniya. M.: Izd-vo «Pravda». 1990. S.196 – 508.
Shibarova A. O Yozefe Rote i ego knige // Rot Y. Dorogi evreyskikh skitaniy. M.: Izd-vo «Tekst». 2011. S.7 – 22.
Rot Y. Dorogi evreyskikh skitaniy. M.: Izd-vo «Tekst». 2011. 154 s.
Botstayn L. Evrei i Novoe vremya. O roli evreev v nemetskoy i avstriyskoy kul'turakh (1848 – 1938). SPb: Izd-vo «Bel'veder», 2003. 463 s.
Laker V. Istoriya sionizma. M.: KRON-PRESS, 2000. 848 s.
Klauzner I. Akhad-Gaam i ego dukhovnyy sionizm. Odessa. 1905. 39 s.
Bromberg Ya. Evrei i Evraziya. M.: Agraf, 2002. 320 s.
Sholem G. Osnovnye techeniya v evreyskoy mistike. Moskva-Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury. 2004. 510.
Ern V.F. Nechto o Logose, russkoy filosofii i nauchnosti // Ern V.F. Soch. M.: Pravda, 1991. S. 71 – 108.
Nardau M. Ob Akhad-Gaame. Belostok. 1903. 18 s.
Bela M. Mir Zhabotinskogo. Moskva-Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury, 1992. 335 s.
Brodskiy A.I. V poiskakh deystvennogo etosa. SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGU, 1999. 150 s.
Struve P.B. V chem zhe istinnyy natsionalizm? // Struve P.B. Patriotica: Rossiya. Rodina. Chuzhbina. SPb.: Izd-vo RKhGI, 2000. 352 s.
Smirnov I.P. Megaistoriya. K istoricheskoy tipologii kul'tur. M.: Agraf. 2000. 542 s.

References (transliteration):
Cuddihy J. M. The Ordeal of Civility: Freud, Marx, Levi-Strauss and Jewish Struggle with Modernity. New York: Basic Books, 1974. 513 p.
Gellner E. Nations and Nationalism. NY: Cornell University Press, 1983. 557 p.
Hobsbawm E. Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 211 p.
Troitskiy S., Begun B., Voloshuk E., Chertenko A. Strategies of studying zones of cultural exclusion // Modern Studies of Russian Society: A collective monograph. Helsinki: Unigrafia, 2014. P. 79 – 94.
Smirnov I.P. Psikhodiakhronologika. Psikhoistoriya russkoy literatury ot romantizma do nashikh dney. M. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. 1994. 351 s.
Brodskiy A.I. Logika istorii: razmyshleniya nad knigami I.P. Smirnova // Filosofskie nauki, 2004. ¹ 11. S.162 – 174.
Marks L. K evreyskomu voprosu // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. T.1. M. 1955. S.382-413.
Gornfel'd A. Morits Latsarus // Latsarus M. Etika yudaizma. Odessa, 1903. S. I – XXX.
Polyakov L. Istoriya antisemitizma. Moskva – Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury. 1998. 624 s.
Gess M. Pis'ma o natsionalizme. Rom und Jerusalem. Odessa. 1903. 68 s.
Bokhen'skiy Yu. Sto sueveriy. M.: Progress. 1993. 187 s.
Rozanov V.V. Apokalipsise nashego vremeni // Rozanov V.V. Sochineniya. M.: Izd-vo «Pravda». 1990. S.196 – 508.
Shibarova A. O Yozefe Rote i ego knige // Rot Y. Dorogi evreyskikh skitaniy. M.: Izd-vo «Tekst». 2011. S.7 – 22.
Rot Y. Dorogi evreyskikh skitaniy. M.: Izd-vo «Tekst». 2011. 154 s.
Botstayn L. Evrei i Novoe vremya. O roli evreev v nemetskoy i avstriyskoy kul'turakh (1848 – 1938). SPb: Izd-vo «Bel'veder», 2003. 463 s.
Laker V. Istoriya sionizma. M.: KRON-PRESS, 2000. 848 s.
Klauzner I. Akhad-Gaam i ego dukhovnyy sionizm. Odessa. 1905. 39 s.
Bromberg Ya. Evrei i Evraziya. M.: Agraf, 2002. 320 s.
Sholem G. Osnovnye techeniya v evreyskoy mistike. Moskva-Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury. 2004. 510.
Ern V.F. Nechto o Logose, russkoy filosofii i nauchnosti // Ern V.F. Soch. M.: Pravda, 1991. S. 71 – 108.
Nardau M. Ob Akhad-Gaame. Belostok. 1903. 18 s.
Bela M. Mir Zhabotinskogo. Moskva-Ierusalim: Mosty kul'tury, 1992. 335 s.
Brodskiy A.I. V poiskakh deystvennogo etosa. SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGU, 1999. 150 s.
Struve P.B. V chem zhe istinnyy natsionalizm? // Struve P.B. Patriotica: Rossiya. Rodina. Chuzhbina. SPb.: Izd-vo RKhGI, 2000. 352 s.
Smirnov I.P. Megaistoriya. K istoricheskoy tipologii kul'tur. M.: Agraf. 2000. 542 s.

Abstract: The subject of the article is collecting as a socio-cultural phenomenon. The author of the article aims to discover philosophical-anthropological premises for the Western cultural tradition to show individual collectors in a bad light and to speak of them as fanatics, speculators and maniacs. Being an inadequate reflection of the reality, this tradition is encouraged by a number of economic factors defining peculiarities of popular culture. However, initially this tradition is based on Freudian methdology of choice and analysis of cultural phenomena. Implementation of this scheme is viewed as mythologisation and the main systematically important element thereof, the sublimation theory, is qualified as a pseudo-scientific myth. The basic research method used by the author is the critical analysis of historical and philosophical texts and social-phenomenological study of social and cultural phenomena at the empirical and theoretical levels. As part of his historical and philosophical excursus, the author of the article offers to view Sigmund Freud's sublimation theory as viewed by Max Scheler. Rejecting vulgar interpretations of the sublimation theory as 'spiritual alchemistry', Max Scheler still found the rational kernel in Freud's theory. The author of the present article assumes that this is the point of coincidence of the two philosophers which allows to speak of the influence made by Freud on metaphysics of late Scheler. Following the idea of Karl Marx on 'spontaneous activity', the author of the article concludes that collecting is an expression of freedom, active self-realization of human in his leisure time, and a form of active self-fulfiment of personality in a society. To the author's opinion, a collector can be referred to neither Freud's homo libidinosus, nor to Nietzsche's homo politicus, nor to Marx' homo oeconomicus. Just like any other subject of a cultural practice, collector is encouraged by spiritual aspirations and appetences rather than the three basic existential forces named above. These spiritual aspirations and appetences are dictated by values, ideals and cultural standards. They cannot be reduced to none of these forces, neither do they consistute all of them altogether. 

Keywords: naturalistic reductionism, universal explanatory scheme, sublimation, libido, popular (mass) culture, philosophical-anthropological premises, collecting, freedom, human personality, spontaneous activity

References:
Malinkin A.N. Kollektsioner. Opyt issledovaniya po sotsiologii kul'tury. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom GU-VShE, 2011.
Sorokin P.A. Glavnye tendentsii nashego vremeni. M.: Nauka, 1997.
Bodriyyar Zh. Sistema veshchey. M.: Izd-vo «RUDOMINO». 2001.
Scheler M. Wesen und Formen der Sympathie. 6., durchgesehene Auflage von «Phӓnomenologie und Theorie der Sympathiegefühle» / Max Scheler Gesammelte Werke Bd. 7. Bern: A. Franke AG Verlag, 1973.
K. Marks i F. Engel's. Sochineniya. Izd. 2. M.: 1955-1975. T. 3.

References (transliteration):
Malinkin A.N. Kollektsioner. Opyt issledovaniya po sotsiologii kul'tury. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom GU-VShE, 2011.
Sorokin P.A. Glavnye tendentsii nashego vremeni. M.: Nauka, 1997.
Bodriyyar Zh. Sistema veshchey. M.: Izd-vo «RUDOMINO». 2001.
Scheler M. Wesen und Formen der Sympathie. 6., durchgesehene Auflage von «Phӓnomenologie und Theorie der Sympathiegefühle» / Max Scheler Gesammelte Werke Bd. 7. Bern: A. Franke AG Verlag, 1973.
K. Marks i F. Engel's. Sochineniya. Izd. 2. M.: 1955-1975. T. 3.

Abstract: The research subject of the present article is neo-acmeism as an under-studied philosophical and cultural paradigm of the 20th century, its history and ‘semantic poetics’ as its philosophical ‘core’. Neo-acmeism contains the mental code of Russian culture which within the framework of one literary movement unites poets that may seem absolutely different. In her article Fetisova also views the ‘synchronous reminiscential chronotope’ that creates the ‘polyphonic monologue’ in mythology. The article is first of all based on the procedure of moving along the hermeneutic circle when the whole is studied through analyzing its components and vice versa; the structural-semiotic, comparative methods and the method of historical reconstruction are also being used. Fetisova traces back the history of the creation, development and existence of ne-acmeism in the post-Soviet discourse and the 20th century in general. When developing the research methodology, the author takes into account the contradictory nature of the development and functioning of neo-acmeism in the history. At the modern stage of the development of humanities, literary texts are often analyzed by using philosophical categories and concepts. Philosophical and philological hermeneutics have formed the space for an interpretative discourse of a poetic text. The present article only demonstrates how efficient this synthesis is. The given article is focused on the universal phenomenon of neo-acmeism or so called Russian Renaissance as a philosophical and cultural paradigm. In this regard, the author believes that we can talk not about the acmeism tradition in contemporary poetry but a continuous development of the ‘semantic poetics’ of acmeism and neo-acmeism in creative writings of a number of modern poets. On the one hand, there is neo-acmeism as a poetic movement that could have influenced the future poetry only as a tradition. On the other hand, in today’s Russian reality poetics of neo-acmeism is not a tradition but a continuous development of the functional component of the literary process based on the principles offered by Gumilev and Mandelstam.

Keywords: philosophy, neo-acmeism, anthropocentrism, subjectivism, Russian renaissance, ‘semantic poetics’, philosophical discourse, cultural paradigm, institutionalization of society, ‘Akhmatova myth’.

References:
AKMEIZM. Antologiya peterburgskoy poezii epokhi akmeizma / Sost. i predisl. G. Ivask and H.W. Tjalsma. Parizh, 1973.
Bryusov V. Segodnyashniy den' russkoy poezii (50 sbornikov stikhov 1911–1912 gg.) // Russkaya mysl'. M., 1912. ¹ 7.
Gorodetskiy S. Nekotorye techeniya v sovremennoy russkoy poezii // Kritika russkogo postsimvolizma / Sost., vstupit. st., preambuly i primech. O.A. Lekmanova. M.: OOO «Izd-vo «Olimp»: OOO «Izd-vo AST», 2002.
Gumilev N.S. Zhizn' stikha. Iz knigi «Pis'ma o russkoy poezii» // Gumilev N.S. Stikhi; Pis'ma o russkoy poezii (Zabytaya kniga) / Vstup. st. Vyach. Ivanova; Sost., nauch. podgot. teksta, poslesl. N. Bogomolova. M.: Khudozh. lit., 1989. S. 398.
Gumilev N.S. Stikhi; Pis'ma o russkoy poezii / Vstup. st. Vyach. Ivanova; Sost., nauch. podgot. teksta, poslesl. N. Bogomolova. M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1989.
Dante Alig'eri. Bozhestvennaya komediya / Per. s ital. M. Lozinskogo; vstup. st. K. Derzhavina. M.: Pravda, 1982. 688 s. Ad. Pesn' III.
Evropeyskaya kul'tura: KhKhI vek / Pod red. E.V. Vodop'yanovoy (seriya Staryy Svet – novye vremena). M.; SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2013.
Kling O. Evolyutsiya i «latentnoe» sushchestvovanie simvolizma posle Oktyabrya // Voprosy literatury. 1999. ¹ 4.
Kolobaeva L.A. Russkiy simvolizm. M.: MGU, 2000.
Levin Yu.I., Segal D.M., Timenchik R.D., Toporov V.N., Tsiv'yan T.V. Russkaya semanticheskaya kul'turnaya paradigma // Russian Literature (Hague). 1974. ¹ 7-8. R. 49-50.
Leyderman N.L., Lipovetskiy M.N. Sovremennaya russkaya literatura: 1950-1990-e gody: V 2-kh tt. T. 2. 1968-1990. 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. M.: Akademiya, 2006.
Lekmanov O. «Pust' oni teper' slushayut…». O stat'e A. Bloka «Bez bozhestva, bez vdokhnoven'ya» (Tsekh akmeistov) // NLO. 2002. ¹ 5.
Marchenko A.M. Akhmatova: zhizn'. M.: AST, Astrel', 2009.
Musatov V.V. «V to vremya ya gostila na zemle…». Lirika Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: «Slovari.ru», 2007.
Prokof'eva V.Yu. Simvolizm. Akmeizm. Futurizm: Razlichnye modeli poeticheskogo prostranstva v leksicheskom predstavlenii / Pod red. T. Pakharevoy. Orenburg, 2003.
Russkiy kosmizm i noosfera: V 2-kh ch. Ch. 1. M., 1989.
Samoylov D. Za tret'im perevalom / Sost. G.I. Medvedev. SPb., 1998.
Serova M.V. Anna Akhmatova: Kniga Sud'by (fenomen «akhmatovskogo teksta»: problema tselostnosti i logika vnutristrukturnykh vzaimodeystviy). Ekaterinburg; Izhevsk, 2005.
Sluzhevskaya I. Kitezhanka. Poeziya Akhmatovoy: tridtsatye gody. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2008.
Tarkovskiy A.A. Stikhotvoreniya i poemy. M., 2000.
Tarkovskiy A. Kniga travy: stikhotvoreniya. SPb.: Amfora, 1993.
Faynshteyn E. Anna Akhmatova. M.: Eksmo, 2008.
Tsvetaeva M. Dolg povelevaet – pet'. Stikhotvoreniya i poemy (1908-1941). M.: Vagrius, 2005

References (transliteration):
AKMEIZM. Antologiya peterburgskoy poezii epokhi akmeizma / Sost. i predisl. G. Ivask and H.W. Tjalsma. Parizh, 1973.
Bryusov V. Segodnyashniy den' russkoy poezii (50 sbornikov stikhov 1911–1912 gg.) // Russkaya mysl'. M., 1912. ¹ 7.
Gorodetskiy S. Nekotorye techeniya v sovremennoy russkoy poezii // Kritika russkogo postsimvolizma / Sost., vstupit. st., preambuly i primech. O.A. Lekmanova. M.: OOO «Izd-vo «Olimp»: OOO «Izd-vo AST», 2002.
Gumilev N.S. Zhizn' stikha. Iz knigi «Pis'ma o russkoy poezii» // Gumilev N.S. Stikhi; Pis'ma o russkoy poezii (Zabytaya kniga) / Vstup. st. Vyach. Ivanova; Sost., nauch. podgot. teksta, poslesl. N. Bogomolova. M.: Khudozh. lit., 1989. S. 398.
Gumilev N.S. Stikhi; Pis'ma o russkoy poezii / Vstup. st. Vyach. Ivanova; Sost., nauch. podgot. teksta, poslesl. N. Bogomolova. M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1989.
Dante Alig'eri. Bozhestvennaya komediya / Per. s ital. M. Lozinskogo; vstup. st. K. Derzhavina. M.: Pravda, 1982. 688 s. Ad. Pesn' III.
Evropeyskaya kul'tura: KhKhI vek / Pod red. E.V. Vodop'yanovoy (seriya Staryy Svet – novye vremena). M.; SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2013.
Kling O. Evolyutsiya i «latentnoe» sushchestvovanie simvolizma posle Oktyabrya // Voprosy literatury. 1999. ¹ 4.
Kolobaeva L.A. Russkiy simvolizm. M.: MGU, 2000.
Levin Yu.I., Segal D.M., Timenchik R.D., Toporov V.N., Tsiv'yan T.V. Russkaya semanticheskaya kul'turnaya paradigma // Russian Literature (Hague). 1974. ¹ 7-8. R. 49-50.
Leyderman N.L., Lipovetskiy M.N. Sovremennaya russkaya literatura: 1950-1990-e gody: V 2-kh tt. T. 2. 1968-1990. 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. M.: Akademiya, 2006.
Lekmanov O. «Pust' oni teper' slushayut…». O stat'e A. Bloka «Bez bozhestva, bez vdokhnoven'ya» (Tsekh akmeistov) // NLO. 2002. ¹ 5.
Marchenko A.M. Akhmatova: zhizn'. M.: AST, Astrel', 2009.
Musatov V.V. «V to vremya ya gostila na zemle…». Lirika Anny Akhmatovoy. M.: «Slovari.ru», 2007.
Prokof'eva V.Yu. Simvolizm. Akmeizm. Futurizm: Razlichnye modeli poeticheskogo prostranstva v leksicheskom predstavlenii / Pod red. T. Pakharevoy. Orenburg, 2003.
Russkiy kosmizm i noosfera: V 2-kh ch. Ch. 1. M., 1989.
Samoylov D. Za tret'im perevalom / Sost. G.I. Medvedev. SPb., 1998.
Serova M.V. Anna Akhmatova: Kniga Sud'by (fenomen «akhmatovskogo teksta»: problema tselostnosti i logika vnutristrukturnykh vzaimodeystviy). Ekaterinburg; Izhevsk, 2005.
Sluzhevskaya I. Kitezhanka. Poeziya Akhmatovoy: tridtsatye gody. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2008.
Tarkovskiy A.A. Stikhotvoreniya i poemy. M., 2000.
Tarkovskiy A. Kniga travy: stikhotvoreniya. SPb.: Amfora, 1993.
Faynshteyn E. Anna Akhmatova. M.: Eksmo, 2008.
Tsvetaeva M. Dolg povelevaet – pet'. Stikhotvoreniya i poemy (1908-1941). M.: Vagrius, 2005

Abstract: In modern science there is a constantly growing interest towards traditional culture. It is due to the multicultural processes aimed at preservation and development of the cultural diversity and tolerance. Multiculturalism encourages self-expression and positioning of ethnic groups and cultural communities at different levels of social institutionalization. It is cause by the fact that in the age of globalization and IT development, tradition becomes a converging, i.e. communication point with the ethnic history that allows to keep the national and cultural integrity. Traditional culture is viewed from the point of view of cultural research using the research methods offered by philosophy, social studies and history. Interdisciplinary approach allows to combine different methodological procedures in order to expand the scientific knowledge. The system method is the main method used in research because it allows to create an integrated concept of traditions, culture, functions, values and many others. Interdisciplinary studies of peculiarities of traditional culture create a complete picture of the ethnos life in the past and predict its activities in the future because ethnos tends to preserve its own values even under the conditions of multiculturalism. Today’s science places different emphases when studying traditional culture and researchers use different methods in order to prevent cultural unification and protect the cultural diversity and singularity.

Keywords: cultural research, traditional culture, traditions, interdisciplinary approach, system method, science, interest, ethnic groups, heritage, national and cultural integrity.

Contact information: Manzarkhanova Lyudmila Vladimirovna, 670031, Russia, Republic of Buryatia, Ulan-Ude, ul. Tereshkova 1.

References:
Traditsiya // Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M., 2003. 562s.
O. A. Semchenko Mezhdunarodnyy forum «Traditsionnaya kul'tura kak strategicheskiy resurs ustoychivogo razvitiya obshchestva» (17–20 aprelya 2012 goda; Mogilev, Respublika Belarus') // Kul'tura i iskusstvo.-2012.-¹4.-C. 109-110. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=20973.
A.S. Zapesotskiy Vyacheslav Stepin i ego teoriya kul'tury. Chast' 2. Prodolzhenie. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2011.-¹5.-C. 8-17. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=15174.
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N.P. Koptseva Metodologicheskie vozmozhnosti sotsial'noy (kul'turnoy) antropologii dlya sovremennykh kul'turnykh issledovaniy // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2012.-¹10.-C. 9-18. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=21828.
Sokolov K. B. Subkul'turnaya stratifikatsiya i gorodskoy fol'klor // Traditsionnaya kul'tura: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2000. ¹ 1. – 210s.
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Shchuplenkov O.V., Shchuplenkov N.O. Natsional'no-kul'turnaya identichnost' v kontekste filosofskoy traditsii dialoga kul'tur // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya.-2013.-¹10.-C. 183-244. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_8848.html

References (transliteration):
Traditsiya // Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M., 2003. 562s.
O. A. Semchenko Mezhdunarodnyy forum «Traditsionnaya kul'tura kak strategicheskiy resurs ustoychivogo razvitiya obshchestva» (17–20 aprelya 2012 goda; Mogilev, Respublika Belarus') // Kul'tura i iskusstvo.-2012.-¹4.-C. 109-110. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=20973.
A.S. Zapesotskiy Vyacheslav Stepin i ego teoriya kul'tury. Chast' 2. Prodolzhenie. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2011.-¹5.-C. 8-17. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=15174.
M.S. Medvedev Sravnitel'nyy analiz traditsionnoy i sovremennoy kul'tury // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2012.-¹3.-C. 80-87. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=21589.
N.P. Koptseva Metodologicheskie vozmozhnosti sotsial'noy (kul'turnoy) antropologii dlya sovremennykh kul'turnykh issledovaniy // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2012.-¹10.-C. 9-18. URL: http://www.nbpublish.com/go_to_article.php?id=21828.
Sokolov K. B. Subkul'turnaya stratifikatsiya i gorodskoy fol'klor // Traditsionnaya kul'tura: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2000. ¹ 1. – 210s.
Zakharov A. V. Traditsionnaya kul'tura v sovremennom obshchestve // Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2004. ¹ 7. – 185s.
Omel'chenko V. M. Traditsionnaya kul'tura v sovremennom mire. – M.: Prosveshchenie, 2006. – 276s.
Shchuplenkov O.V., Shchuplenkov N.O. Natsional'no-kul'turnaya identichnost' v kontekste filosofskoy traditsii dialoga kul'tur // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya.-2013.-¹10.-C. 183-244. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_8848.html