Abstract:   The subject of this research is the approach towards the problems of consciousness, self-consciousness and the I within the framework of such direction of the modern humanitarian sciences as social constructionism. The main goal is examination of the main positions of this approach towards consciousness and its various manifestations from the perspective of this direction and placement of this approach into the context of other research of consciousness in classical and contemporary philosophy. Socio-constructivist approach to consciousness makes a strong accent on the role of social constructions in formation of consciousness and self-consciousness of an individual and leans towards denial of the existence of the I. However, criticizing social constructionism, the author demonstrates that the presence of common experience among all subjects does not depend on social constructs. At the same time, a positive feature of the socio-constructivist approach to consciousness is favorable for understanding of position of an individual within the modern information era. Author’s special contribution consists in determination of the intersecting points of social constructionism with other approaches to consciousness in classical and contemporary philosophy. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in Russian philosophy there are in fact no works dedicated to the socio-constructivist approach to the problems of consciousness.  

Keywords: communication, dialogue, discourse, narrative, I, social constructionism, self-consciousness, consciousness, nature vs upbringing, personal identity

References:
Chalmers D. Soznayushchiy um: V poiskakh fundamental'noy teorii. M.: URSS, 2013. 509 s.
Trufanova E.O. Sotsial'nyy konstruktsionizm v teorii poznaniya: istoki, problematika, sovremennyy potentsial // Epistemologiya: perspektivy razvitiya. M.: Kanon-Plyus, 2012. S.389-400.
Trufanova E.O. O preimushchestvakh i nedostatkakh sotsial'nogo konstruktsionizma // Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. 2015. ¹ 1. S.32-36.
Trufanova E.O. Politicheskoe vs epistemologicheskoe: relyativizm v sotsial'nom konstruktsionizme i feministskoy filosofii // Relyativizm kak bolezn' sovremennoy filosofii. M.: Kanon-Plyus, 2015. S.228-264.
Trufanova E.O. Dilemma «Nature vs nurture» v stanovlenii lichnostnykh kharakteristik Ya // Poznanie i soznanie v mezhdistsiplinarnoy perspektive. Ch.2. M.: IF RAN, 2014. S.27-67.
Marks K. Nemetskaya ideologiya // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. Izd. 2oe. T.3. M., 1955. S.7-544.
Marks K. Tezisy o Feyerbakhe // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. Izd. 2oe. T.3. M., 1955. S.1-4.
Fromm E. Marksova kontseptsiya cheloveka. M., 1992. [Elektronnyy resurs] – Elektron. dan. Rezhim dostupa: http://psylib.ukrweb.net/books/fromm01/index.htm-Zagl. s ekrana.
Lektorskiy V.A. Ya // Epistemologiya klassicheskaya i neklassicheskaya. M.: URSS, 2001. S.173-184.
Yum D. Traktat o chelovecheskoy prirode // Yum D. Soch.: V 2 t. T.1. M., 1996. C.53-656.
Makh E. Analiz oshchushcheniy i otnoshenie fizicheskogo k psikhicheskomu. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Territoriya budushchego», 2005. 304 c.
Fuko M. Chto takoe avtor? // Fuko M. Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. M.: Kastal', 1994. S. 9–46.
Fuko M. Slova i veshchi. Arkheologiya gumanitarnykh nauk. SPb.: A-cad, 1994. 408 c.
Bart R. Smert' avtora // Bart R. Izbrannye raboty: Semiotika. Poetika. M.: Progress, 1994. S. 384–391.
Deleuze G., Guattari F. Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. University of Minnesota Press, 1983. 400 pp.
Fuko M. Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. M.: Kastal', 1994. 448 c.
Fuko M. Arkheologiya znaniya. SPb.: ITs «Gumanitarnaya Akademiya»; Universitetskaya kniga (Seriya «Au Pura. Frantsuzskaya kollektsiya»), 2004. 416 c.
Derrida Zh. O grammatologii / Per. s fr. i vst. st. N. Avtonomovoy. M.: Ad Marginem, 2000. 512 c.
Lokk D. Opyt o chelovecheskom razumenii // Lokk D. Sochineniya v 3-kh t. T.1. M.: Mysl', 1985. C.78-582.
Williams B. Personal Identity and Individuation // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, ¹ 67, 1957. P. 229-252.
Parfit D. Personal Identity, Philosophical Review, Vol. 80, 1971.; Reasons and Persons. Oxford, 1984. P.3-27.
Shoemaker S. Self-Knowledge and Self-Identity. London: Oxford University Press, 1963. 276 pp.
Quinton A. The Soul // The Journal of Philosophy, Vol.59, No.15. July 1962. P.393-409.
Perry J. A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality. Indianapolis, 1978. 56 pp.
Grice H.P. Personal Identity // Mind, ¹ 50, 1941. P.330-350.
Vygotskiy L.S. Myshlenie i rech'. Izd. 5, ispr. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Labirint», 1999. 352 s.
Vitgenshteyn L. Filosofskie issledovaniya. M.: AST, 2011. 320 s.
Whorf B. L. Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. New York: Wiley, 1956. 290 pp.
Harré R. Personal Being: A Theory for Individual Psychology. N.-Y.: Harward University Press, 1984. 304 pp.
Harré R. Language games and the texts of identity // J.Shotter and K.J.Gergen (eds) Texts of Identity, London: Sage, 1989. P.20-35.
Burr V. An Introduction to Social Constructionism. London, N.-Y.: Routledge, 1995. 208 p.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Tekhnologiya i Ya: ot sushchnostnogo k vozvyshennomu // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.90-106.
Gergen K.G. The Saturated Self: Dilemmas of Identity In Contemporary Life. N.-Y.: Basic Books, 2000. 320 pp.
Harré R. The Singular Self. An Introduction to the Psychology of Personhood. London, Thousand Oaks, New Dehli, 1998. 208 pp.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Mesto psikhiki v skonstruirovannom mire // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. S. 48-73.
Sarbin, T.R. The narrative as root metaphor for psychology // Narrative Psychology: The Storied Nature of Human Conduct, New York: Praeger, 1986. P.3-21.
Bakhtin M.M. Avtor i geroy v esteticheskoy deyatel'nosti // Bakhtin M.M. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva. Izd. 2-e. M.: Iskusstvo, 1986. S.7-180.
Bakhtin M.M. Problema rechevykh zhanrov // Bakhtin M.M. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva. M., 1979. S.237-280.
Hermans H. J. M., Kempen H. J. G., van Loon R. J. P. The dialogical self: Beyond individualism and rationalism. American Psychologist, 47, 1992. P.23-33.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya kak sotsial'noe konstruirovanie: stanovlenie vzglyada // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.31-47.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Upadok i krushenie lichnosti // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.107-115.

References (transliteration):
Chalmers D. Soznayushchiy um: V poiskakh fundamental'noy teorii. M.: URSS, 2013. 509 s.
Trufanova E.O. Sotsial'nyy konstruktsionizm v teorii poznaniya: istoki, problematika, sovremennyy potentsial // Epistemologiya: perspektivy razvitiya. M.: Kanon-Plyus, 2012. S.389-400.
Trufanova E.O. O preimushchestvakh i nedostatkakh sotsial'nogo konstruktsionizma // Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. 2015. ¹ 1. S.32-36.
Trufanova E.O. Politicheskoe vs epistemologicheskoe: relyativizm v sotsial'nom konstruktsionizme i feministskoy filosofii // Relyativizm kak bolezn' sovremennoy filosofii. M.: Kanon-Plyus, 2015. S.228-264.
Trufanova E.O. Dilemma «Nature vs nurture» v stanovlenii lichnostnykh kharakteristik Ya // Poznanie i soznanie v mezhdistsiplinarnoy perspektive. Ch.2. M.: IF RAN, 2014. S.27-67.
Marks K. Nemetskaya ideologiya // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. Izd. 2oe. T.3. M., 1955. S.7-544.
Marks K. Tezisy o Feyerbakhe // Marks K., Engel's F. Sochineniya. Izd. 2oe. T.3. M., 1955. S.1-4.
Fromm E. Marksova kontseptsiya cheloveka. M., 1992. [Elektronnyy resurs] – Elektron. dan. Rezhim dostupa: http://psylib.ukrweb.net/books/fromm01/index.htm-Zagl. s ekrana.
Lektorskiy V.A. Ya // Epistemologiya klassicheskaya i neklassicheskaya. M.: URSS, 2001. S.173-184.
Yum D. Traktat o chelovecheskoy prirode // Yum D. Soch.: V 2 t. T.1. M., 1996. C.53-656.
Makh E. Analiz oshchushcheniy i otnoshenie fizicheskogo k psikhicheskomu. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Territoriya budushchego», 2005. 304 c.
Fuko M. Chto takoe avtor? // Fuko M. Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. M.: Kastal', 1994. S. 9–46.
Fuko M. Slova i veshchi. Arkheologiya gumanitarnykh nauk. SPb.: A-cad, 1994. 408 c.
Bart R. Smert' avtora // Bart R. Izbrannye raboty: Semiotika. Poetika. M.: Progress, 1994. S. 384–391.
Deleuze G., Guattari F. Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. University of Minnesota Press, 1983. 400 pp.
Fuko M. Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. M.: Kastal', 1994. 448 c.
Fuko M. Arkheologiya znaniya. SPb.: ITs «Gumanitarnaya Akademiya»; Universitetskaya kniga (Seriya «Au Pura. Frantsuzskaya kollektsiya»), 2004. 416 c.
Derrida Zh. O grammatologii / Per. s fr. i vst. st. N. Avtonomovoy. M.: Ad Marginem, 2000. 512 c.
Lokk D. Opyt o chelovecheskom razumenii // Lokk D. Sochineniya v 3-kh t. T.1. M.: Mysl', 1985. C.78-582.
Williams B. Personal Identity and Individuation // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, ¹ 67, 1957. P. 229-252.
Parfit D. Personal Identity, Philosophical Review, Vol. 80, 1971.; Reasons and Persons. Oxford, 1984. P.3-27.
Shoemaker S. Self-Knowledge and Self-Identity. London: Oxford University Press, 1963. 276 pp.
Quinton A. The Soul // The Journal of Philosophy, Vol.59, No.15. July 1962. P.393-409.
Perry J. A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality. Indianapolis, 1978. 56 pp.
Grice H.P. Personal Identity // Mind, ¹ 50, 1941. P.330-350.
Vygotskiy L.S. Myshlenie i rech'. Izd. 5, ispr. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Labirint», 1999. 352 s.
Vitgenshteyn L. Filosofskie issledovaniya. M.: AST, 2011. 320 s.
Whorf B. L. Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. New York: Wiley, 1956. 290 pp.
Harré R. Personal Being: A Theory for Individual Psychology. N.-Y.: Harward University Press, 1984. 304 pp.
Harré R. Language games and the texts of identity // J.Shotter and K.J.Gergen (eds) Texts of Identity, London: Sage, 1989. P.20-35.
Burr V. An Introduction to Social Constructionism. London, N.-Y.: Routledge, 1995. 208 p.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Tekhnologiya i Ya: ot sushchnostnogo k vozvyshennomu // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.90-106.
Gergen K.G. The Saturated Self: Dilemmas of Identity In Contemporary Life. N.-Y.: Basic Books, 2000. 320 pp.
Harré R. The Singular Self. An Introduction to the Psychology of Personhood. London, Thousand Oaks, New Dehli, 1998. 208 pp.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Mesto psikhiki v skonstruirovannom mire // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. S. 48-73.
Sarbin, T.R. The narrative as root metaphor for psychology // Narrative Psychology: The Storied Nature of Human Conduct, New York: Praeger, 1986. P.3-21.
Bakhtin M.M. Avtor i geroy v esteticheskoy deyatel'nosti // Bakhtin M.M. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva. Izd. 2-e. M.: Iskusstvo, 1986. S.7-180.
Bakhtin M.M. Problema rechevykh zhanrov // Bakhtin M.M. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva. M., 1979. S.237-280.
Hermans H. J. M., Kempen H. J. G., van Loon R. J. P. The dialogical self: Beyond individualism and rationalism. American Psychologist, 47, 1992. P.23-33.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya kak sotsial'noe konstruirovanie: stanovlenie vzglyada // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.31-47.
Dzherdzhen K.Dzh. Upadok i krushenie lichnosti // Sotsial'naya psikhologiya: samorefleksiya marginal'nosti. M.: INION RAN, 1995. C.107-115.

Abstract: In his article Rudnev offers us to think of the philosophical thought as the proposition denying the previous philosophical thought which has become the ordinary proposition. In other words, a philosopher needs to say something new which has never been said before. For example, providing that insanity is the inability to stay among things (Ludwig Binswanger) and thought is the absence of thing (Wilfred Bion), it could be suggested that insanity is the place where the thought is being born. From this point of view, any thought is the pathological process. This corresponds to the theory of Tim Crow about homo sapiens originating only after the development of the schizophrenia gene or Yury Lotman's words that the ability of mind to think is, in a sense, the ability of human to become insane. However, all these provisions disagree with the other thought of Bion according to whom thought is also related to the ability to endure frustration. The ability to endure frustration allows to create thought as the mean that makes frustration more endurable. In his article Rudnev offers his own research method which he has been developing for many years and which he has called psychosemiotics of the pathographic text. The scientific novelty of the present research is caused by the fact that Rudnev views the thought theory from the point of view of psychoanalytical and design-analytical concepts offered by Ludwig Bingswanger and Wilfred Bion. Thought is one of the alternative responses of a child to frustration. A child has the choice either to cry or to think. The second reaction leads to the development of thinking. 

Keywords: frustration, thought, , Beethoven, thing, proposition, psychopatology, Bion, Binswanger, Frege, Tim Crow

References:
Matte Blanco I. Unconscious as Infinite Sets: An Essay in Bi-logic. London: Karnak books, 1998. 
Crow T. Is schizophrenia the price that Homo sapiens pays for language? // Schizophrenia Research, 28, 1997.
Bion W. Second thought: Selected papers on psycho-analysis. London: Jaison Aronson Inc., 1968.
Freydenberg O. M. Mif literatura drevnosti. M.: Nauka, 1978.
Errio E. Zhizn' Betkhovena. M.: Muzyka, 1965.
Frege G. Mysl': Logicheskoe issledovanie // Filosofiya. Logika. Yazyk. M.: Progress, 1987.
Stepanov Yu. S. V trekhmernom prostranstve yazyka. M: Nauka, 1986.
Rudnev V. Novaya model' shizofrenii. M.: Agraf, 2012.
Klyayn M. Zametki o nekotorykh shizoidnykh mekhanizmakh // Klyayn M. i dr. Razvitie v psikhoanalize. M.: 2001.
Binsvanger L. Bytie-v-mire. M., 1999.
Bion U. Nauchenie posredstvom perezhivaniya. M.: Kogito-Tsentr, 2008.
Vspominaya Betkhovena: Biograficheskie zametki Frantsa Vegelera i Ferdinanda Risa / Per. S nem., vstup. st. i komment. L. Kirillinoy. M., 2001.
Klimovitskiy A. Pozdnee tvorchestvo Betkhovena. M.: Muzyka, 1979.

References (transliteration):
Matte Blanco I. Unconscious as Infinite Sets: An Essay in Bi-logic. London: Karnak books, 1998. 
Crow T. Is schizophrenia the price that Homo sapiens pays for language? // Schizophrenia Research, 28, 1997.
Bion W. Second thought: Selected papers on psycho-analysis. London: Jaison Aronson Inc., 1968.
Freydenberg O. M. Mif literatura drevnosti. M.: Nauka, 1978.
Errio E. Zhizn' Betkhovena. M.: Muzyka, 1965.
Frege G. Mysl': Logicheskoe issledovanie // Filosofiya. Logika. Yazyk. M.: Progress, 1987.
Stepanov Yu. S. V trekhmernom prostranstve yazyka. M: Nauka, 1986.
Rudnev V. Novaya model' shizofrenii. M.: Agraf, 2012.
Klyayn M. Zametki o nekotorykh shizoidnykh mekhanizmakh // Klyayn M. i dr. Razvitie v psikhoanalize. M.: 2001.
Binsvanger L. Bytie-v-mire. M., 1999.
Bion U. Nauchenie posredstvom perezhivaniya. M.: Kogito-Tsentr, 2008.
Vspominaya Betkhovena: Biograficheskie zametki Frantsa Vegelera i Ferdinanda Risa / Per. S nem., vstup. st. i komment. L. Kirillinoy. M., 2001.
Klimovitskiy A. Pozdnee tvorchestvo Betkhovena. M.: Muzyka, 1979.

Abstract: The subject of study in this work is the understanding of fractal invariance of consciousness at the level of concepts, memes,  and mental constructs. The human mind is a coexistence of a subject's information component and qualitative component as a phenomenological foundation for the mental representations of reality that is reduced to the fractal nominator. These two components can be considered as the "variables" of consciousness that are filled in during the life cycle. The author of the article shows that self-similarity as the basic principle of fractality embedded in the language and any mental structures. The qualitative states with a variety of substantive meanings act as a link between the item and representation and express fractal characteristics. The methodological basis of the research is based on the fractal-synergy concept involving the study of self-organization and structural self-similarity at the level of systems and subsystems of existence. To analyze individual problems of consciousness the author has used cognitive-informational and phenomenological methods. The scientific novelty of this paper consists in considering the phenomenon of consciousness through the prism of fractal. The application of the fractal approach to the study of the phenomenon of consciousness allows to detect self-similarity of the whole in all of its parts and the existence of links, branches of global structures stored in the mind, to small parts (concepts).

Keywords: invariance, holographic, fractality, qualia, fractal, frame, meme, concept, representation, self-similarity

References:
Mandel'brot B. Fraktal'naya geometriya prirody. M.: Institut komp'yuternykh issledovaniy, 2010. – 676 s.
Gegel' G. Fenomenologiya dukha. M.: Akademicheskiy Proekt, 2014. – 496 s.
Leybnits G. O slovakh. M.: Librokom, 2010. – 96 s.
Voytsekhovich V.E. Chelovek kak attraktor bioevolyutsii (antropo-sinergeticheskiy vzglyad na razvitie zhizni) // Sinergetika chelovekomernoy real'nosti: red. V.I. Arshinov, L.P. Knyashchenko, P.D. Tishchenko. – M.: In-t Filosofii Ros. Akad. Nauk, 2002. – S. 138-154.
Maturana U, Varela F. Drevo poznaniya. – M.: Mysl', 2001. – 523 s.
Tarasenko V.V. Kontseptsiya fraktala: stanovlenie yazyka mezhdistsiplinarnogo dialoga // Filosofskie issledovaniya, 2000. – ¹ 1. – S. 72-111.
Voloshinov A.V. Ob estetike fraktalov i fraktal'nosti iskusstva: sinergeticheskaya paradigma / Nelineynoe myshlenie v nauke i iskusstve. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2002. – S. 213-246.
Chernigovskaya T.V. Mozg cheloveka i porodivshiy ego yazyk / Zhurnal'nyy klub «Intelros». M.: Logos. – 2014. – ¹ 1 (97). – S. 79-96.
Talbot M. Golograficheskaya Vselennaya. M.: Sofiya, 2014. – 384 s.
Bohm D. Wholeness and the implicate order. London: Routledge, 1980.
Pribram K. Nelokal'nost' i lokalizatsiya: golograficheskaya gipoteza o funktsionirovanii mozga v protsessakh vospriyatiya i pamyati // Sinergetika i psikhologiya. M.: IF RAN, 1997. S. 156-184.
Minsky M. The Emotion Machine: Commonsense Thinking, Artificial Intelligence, and the Future of the Human Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007. – 400 p.
Minskiy M. Freymy dlya predstavleniya znaniy. – M.: Mir,1979. – 118 s.
Yulina N. S. Golovolomki problemy soznaniya: kontseptsiya Deniela Denneta. M.: Kanon+, 2004. – 544 s.
Delez Zh. Logika smysla. M.: Akademicheskiy Proekt, 2011. – 480 s.
Parshikova G.V. Fenomenologicheskiy aspekt refleksivnogo opyta kak modus sushchestvovaniya mental'nogo v vide dannostey soznaniya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. – 2014. – ¹9. – S. 1329 – 1333.

References (transliteration):
Mandel'brot B. Fraktal'naya geometriya prirody. M.: Institut komp'yuternykh issledovaniy, 2010. – 676 s.
Gegel' G. Fenomenologiya dukha. M.: Akademicheskiy Proekt, 2014. – 496 s.
Leybnits G. O slovakh. M.: Librokom, 2010. – 96 s.
Voytsekhovich V.E. Chelovek kak attraktor bioevolyutsii (antropo-sinergeticheskiy vzglyad na razvitie zhizni) // Sinergetika chelovekomernoy real'nosti: red. V.I. Arshinov, L.P. Knyashchenko, P.D. Tishchenko. – M.: In-t Filosofii Ros. Akad. Nauk, 2002. – S. 138-154.
Maturana U, Varela F. Drevo poznaniya. – M.: Mysl', 2001. – 523 s.
Tarasenko V.V. Kontseptsiya fraktala: stanovlenie yazyka mezhdistsiplinarnogo dialoga // Filosofskie issledovaniya, 2000. – ¹ 1. – S. 72-111.
Voloshinov A.V. Ob estetike fraktalov i fraktal'nosti iskusstva: sinergeticheskaya paradigma / Nelineynoe myshlenie v nauke i iskusstve. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2002. – S. 213-246.
Chernigovskaya T.V. Mozg cheloveka i porodivshiy ego yazyk / Zhurnal'nyy klub «Intelros». M.: Logos. – 2014. – ¹ 1 (97). – S. 79-96.
Talbot M. Golograficheskaya Vselennaya. M.: Sofiya, 2014. – 384 s.
Bohm D. Wholeness and the implicate order. London: Routledge, 1980.
Pribram K. Nelokal'nost' i lokalizatsiya: golograficheskaya gipoteza o funktsionirovanii mozga v protsessakh vospriyatiya i pamyati // Sinergetika i psikhologiya. M.: IF RAN, 1997. S. 156-184.
Minsky M. The Emotion Machine: Commonsense Thinking, Artificial Intelligence, and the Future of the Human Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007. – 400 p.
Minskiy M. Freymy dlya predstavleniya znaniy. – M.: Mir,1979. – 118 s.
Yulina N. S. Golovolomki problemy soznaniya: kontseptsiya Deniela Denneta. M.: Kanon+, 2004. – 544 s.
Delez Zh. Logika smysla. M.: Akademicheskiy Proekt, 2011. – 480 s.
Parshikova G.V. Fenomenologicheskiy aspekt refleksivnogo opyta kak modus sushchestvovaniya mental'nogo v vide dannostey soznaniya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. – 2014. – ¹9. – S. 1329 – 1333.

Abstract: The author of the article analyzes the content of pluralistic modes of introspection offered by modern analytical philosophers of the mind Jessie Prince, Eric Schwitzgebel and Jessie Butler comparing their approach to the perception concept of introspection typical for the philosophy of the Early Modern Period and critics of introspection typical for the early analytical philosophy of the mind. Moreover, the author of the article makes an attempt to use pluralistic models of introspection in order to the question about whether ‘introspection’ can be considered to be a scientific term, to compare pluralistic models of introspection with the theory of perception theory of the mind as well as to discuss the question about accuracy of introspection forms. In her article the author uses comparative and historical research methods that are based on a detailed conceptual analysis of different approaches to introspection. Theauthormakesthefollowingconclusions. Firstly, perceptionmodels of introspection are a ‘middle way’ between naïve belief in introspection and absolute skepticism towards it. In case we assume that perception models of introspection are generally correct, then, secondly, the term ‘introspection’ can be used in terms of scientific research only when a particular introspection form is clarified. Thirdly, introspection forms can be associated with the modules of attention, working memory and so on. Fourthly, the author establishes that different forms of introspection has a different level of accuracy.

Keywords: introspection forms, heterophenomenology, Daniel Dennett, Jessie Butler, Jessie Prince, accuracy of introspection forms, introspection, pluralistic models of introspection, epistemology, Eric Schwitzgebel.

Contact information: Dmitrieva Angelina Arsenovna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Lomonosovsky prospect 27, korp. 4.

References:
Schwitzgebel E. Introspection, What? // Introspection and consciousness / Ed. by D. Smithies, D. Stoljar. N.Y., 2012.
Schwitzgebel E. Introspection: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy // http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/introspection/
Schwitzgebel E. Perplexities of consciousness. A Bradford Book. 2011.
Metzinger T. The Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self. NY, 2009.
Prinz J. The Fractionation of Introspection // Journal of Consciousness Studies, Volume 11, No 7 – 8, 2004, pp. 40 – 57.
Prinz J. The Conscious Brain: How Attention Engenders Experience. Oxford University Press, USA, 2012.
Nagel T. What Is Like To Be A Bat? // The Philosophical Review, Volume 83, No. 4., 1974, pp. 435 – 450.
Rayl G. Ponyatie soznaniya / per. s angl. M., 1999.
Chalmers D. Soznayushchim um: v poiskakh fundamental'noy teorii / Per. s angl. V.V. Vasil'eva. M., 2013.
Butler J. Rethinking Introspection: A Pluralist Approach to the First-Person Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
Dennett D. Consciousness Explained. Boston, 1991.
Lyons W. The Disappearance of Introspection. A Bradford Book, 1986.
Metzinger T. Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity. A Bradford Book, 2004
Dretske F. How Do You Know You Are Not A Zombie? / Privileged Access: Philosophical Accounts of Self-Knowledge, edited by Gertler B., Burlington, 2003.
Introspection and consciousness / Ed. by D. Smithies, D. Stoljar. N.Y., 2012.
Dmitrieva A.A. Kontseptualizatsiya introspektsii v filosofii Novogo vremeni (Rene Dekart, Dzhon Lokk, Devid Yum) // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 7. Filosofiya. ¹ 2, 2014. S. 24 – 39.
Dmitrieva A.A. Osnovnye filosofskie argumenty protiv pertseptivnoy modeli introspektsii // Diskussiya. ¹ 2, 2014. S. 21 – 25.
Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M., 2009.
Volkov D.B. Bostonskiy zombi: D. Dennet i ego teoriya soznaniya. M., 2011.

References (transliteration):
Schwitzgebel E. Introspection, What? // Introspection and consciousness / Ed. by D. Smithies, D. Stoljar. N.Y., 2012.
Schwitzgebel E. Introspection: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy // http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/introspection/
Schwitzgebel E. Perplexities of consciousness. A Bradford Book. 2011.
Metzinger T. The Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self. NY, 2009.
Prinz J. The Fractionation of Introspection // Journal of Consciousness Studies, Volume 11, No 7 – 8, 2004, pp. 40 – 57.
Prinz J. The Conscious Brain: How Attention Engenders Experience. Oxford University Press, USA, 2012.
Nagel T. What Is Like To Be A Bat? // The Philosophical Review, Volume 83, No. 4., 1974, pp. 435 – 450.
Rayl G. Ponyatie soznaniya / per. s angl. M., 1999.
Chalmers D. Soznayushchim um: v poiskakh fundamental'noy teorii / Per. s angl. V.V. Vasil'eva. M., 2013.
Butler J. Rethinking Introspection: A Pluralist Approach to the First-Person Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
Dennett D. Consciousness Explained. Boston, 1991.
Lyons W. The Disappearance of Introspection. A Bradford Book, 1986.
Metzinger T. Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity. A Bradford Book, 2004
Dretske F. How Do You Know You Are Not A Zombie? / Privileged Access: Philosophical Accounts of Self-Knowledge, edited by Gertler B., Burlington, 2003.
Introspection and consciousness / Ed. by D. Smithies, D. Stoljar. N.Y., 2012.
Dmitrieva A.A. Kontseptualizatsiya introspektsii v filosofii Novogo vremeni (Rene Dekart, Dzhon Lokk, Devid Yum) // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 7. Filosofiya. ¹ 2, 2014. S. 24 – 39.
Dmitrieva A.A. Osnovnye filosofskie argumenty protiv pertseptivnoy modeli introspektsii // Diskussiya. ¹ 2, 2014. S. 21 – 25.
Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M., 2009.
Volkov D.B. Bostonskiy zombi: D. Dennet i ego teoriya soznaniya. M., 2011.

Abstract: The article is devoted to fundamental ontology founded by John Searle who was the follower of scientific naturalism. For John Searle, ‘philosophy starts with scientific facts’ which generally contradicts to the idea of the world being the way it is described by science. So the philosopher raises the main question of his philosophy, ‘how does a human, this conscious creature, fit in our physical reality?’ Searle defines the main features of consciousness such as, consciousness is an integrated phenomenon, focus, functioning under the influence of one’s mood, and so on. However, Searle views subjective firstperson experience as a fundamental difference between consciousness and body. The philosopher considers himself to be the follower of the idea of autonomous mentality but at the same time he avoids the ‘consciousness –body’ dualism. John Searle tries to achieve correspondence with scientific naturalism without simplifying or eliminating the mental element but by expanding our interpretation of the physical so that it starts to include the mental.

Keywords: Searle, scientific naturalism, consciousness, subjective first-person experience, scientific facts, physical reality, materialistic conceptions, external realism, naturalism, qualia.

References:
Barry Smith John Searle: From Speech Acts to Social Reality // John Searle / Ed. by Barry Smith. Cambridge, 2003.
Berkeley G. A. Treatise concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. N.Y., 1998.
Hanna, R. Kant, Science, and Human Nature, 2006.
Jackson F. From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defense of Conceptual Analysis, 1998.
Papineau David Power and Consciousness on the Clapham Omnibus // Times Online, 2008/ http://entertainment.timesonine.co.uk/tol/arts-_and_entertainment/the¬¬¬_tls/article3196720.ece.
Place U.T. Is Consciousness a Brain Process? // British Journal of Psychology, 1956, 47.
Quine W.V.O. Word and Object (Studies in Communication). N.Y., 1960.
Russell B. The Philosophy of Logical Atomism / ed. Pears D.F. LaSalle, Ill, 1985.
Rust J. John Searle (Continuum Contemporary American Thinkers). L.; N.Y., 2009.
Searle J. Minds, Brains, and Programs // Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1980. ¹ 3. P. 417-424.
Searle J. The Rediscovery of the Mind. Cambridge, 1992.
Searle J. The Construction of Social Reality. L., 1995.
Searle J. Mind, Language and Society: Philosophy in the Real World. N.Y., 1998.
Searle J. "The Future of Philosophy", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Millennium Issue, 29 December 1999.
Searle J. Toward a Unified Theory of Reality” an interview // The Harvard Review of Philosophy, 2004.
Searle J. What is to be done? // Topoi 25, 2006.
Searle J. Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power, 2007.
Searle J. Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization. Oxford, 2010.
Sellars W. Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man, 1962.
Smart J.C. Sensations and Brain Processes // The Philosophical Review, 1959, 68, # 2.

References (transliteration):
Barry Smith John Searle: From Speech Acts to Social Reality // John Searle / Ed. by Barry Smith. Cambridge, 2003.
Berkeley G. A. Treatise concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. N.Y., 1998.
Hanna, R. Kant, Science, and Human Nature, 2006.
Jackson F. From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defense of Conceptual Analysis, 1998.
Papineau David Power and Consciousness on the Clapham Omnibus // Times Online, 2008/ http://entertainment.timesonine.co.uk/tol/arts-_and_entertainment/the¬¬¬_tls/article3196720.ece.
Place U.T. Is Consciousness a Brain Process? // British Journal of Psychology, 1956, 47.
Quine W.V.O. Word and Object (Studies in Communication). N.Y., 1960.
Russell B. The Philosophy of Logical Atomism / ed. Pears D.F. LaSalle, Ill, 1985.
Rust J. John Searle (Continuum Contemporary American Thinkers). L.; N.Y., 2009.
Searle J. Minds, Brains, and Programs // Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1980. ¹ 3. P. 417-424.
Searle J. The Rediscovery of the Mind. Cambridge, 1992.
Searle J. The Construction of Social Reality. L., 1995.
Searle J. Mind, Language and Society: Philosophy in the Real World. N.Y., 1998.
Searle J. "The Future of Philosophy", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Millennium Issue, 29 December 1999.
Searle J. Toward a Unified Theory of Reality” an interview // The Harvard Review of Philosophy, 2004.
Searle J. What is to be done? // Topoi 25, 2006.
Searle J. Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power, 2007.
Searle J. Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization. Oxford, 2010.
Sellars W. Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man, 1962.
Smart J.C. Sensations and Brain Processes // The Philosophical Review, 1959, 68, # 2.

Abstract: The author of the article studies Soviet psychology from the point of view of sociology and culturology of psychological knowledge or implementation of historical approach to Soviet psychological concepts. The author shows that Soviet psychology was based on ideology and studied Soviet human in particular. Analytical reconstruction of cultural and historical grounds of psychological knowledge is performed mostly on the basis of research conducted at Moscow School of activity psychology. The main purpose of the article is to show an essential need in such an analysis.

Keywords: cultural studies, sociology, psychology, knowledge, psychotechnic, phenomenology, formation, experience, analysis, society.

Contact information: Oleshkevich Valery Ivanovich, 119330, Russia, Moscow, ul. Mosfilmovskaya 27 A.

References:
1. Adler A. Nauka zhit'. K.: Port-Royal, 1997.
2. Besedy V.D. Duvakina s M.M. Bakhtinym. M.: Progress, 1996.
3. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale
lichnoy istorii avtora (opyt issledovaniya prirody kliniko-psikhologicheskogo znaniya). M.: Ma-
ska, 2011. 306 s.
4. Vernan Zh.-P. Proiskhozhdenie drevnegrecheskoy mysli. M.: Progress, 1988.
5. Vygotskiy L. S. Sobr. soch.: v 6 t. M.: Pedagogika, 1982-1984.
6. Gal'perin P.Ya. Vvedenie v psikhologiyu. M., 1976.
7. Gal'perin P.Ya. K probleme vnimaniya // Doklady APN RSFSR. 1958. ¹ 3. S. 33-38.
8. Leont'ev A.N. Deyatel'nost', soznanie, lichnost'. M., 1975.
9. Leont'ev A.N. Problemy razvitiya psikhiki. M., 1972.
10. Maslou A. Motivatsiya i lichnost'. SPb.: Evraziya,1999.
11. Mokshitskiy E. Mezhdu epistemologiey i sotsiologiey znaniya // Sotsio-Logos. M.: Progress, 1991.
S. 109-124.
12. Oleshkevich V.I. Istoriya i logika razvitiya evropeyskoy psikhotekhniki. M., 2005.
13. Oleshkevich V.I. Istoriya psikhotekhniki. M., 2002.
14. Oleshkevich V.I. Rozhdenie novoy psikhotekhnicheskoy kul'tury. M., 1997.
15. Oleshkevich V.I. Chto takoe metodologiya psikhologii // Zhurnal prakticheskogo psikhologa. 2009.
¹ 1. S. 60-88.
16. Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya Al'freda Adlera. M., 2010.
17. Oleshkevich V.I. Nekotorye podkhody k metodologii psikhologii // Metodologiya i istoriya psikho-
logii. 2007. T. 2. Vyp. 1. S. 20-36.
18. Perlz F. Geshtal't-podkhod. Svidetel' terapii. M.: Izd-vo Instituta Psikhoterapii, 2001.
19. Perlz F. Geshtal't-seminary. M.: Institut obshchegumanitarnykh issledovaniy, 1998.
20. Rodzhers K. Vzglyad na psikhoterapiyu. Stanovlenie cheloveka. M.: Progress-Univers, 1994.
21. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Sistema pedagogicheskikh issledovaniy (Metodologicheskiy analiz) // Pedagogika
i logika: Sb. M., 1993. S. 16-201.
22. Stark W. The Sociology of Knowledge. Chicago, Free Press of Glencoe, 1958.
23. Seidel A. Bewusstsein als Verhaengnis. Bonn, Cohen, 1927.
24. Laudan N. Progress and its problems: Towards a theory of scientific growth. L., 1977.
25. Newton-Smith W. The rationality of science. London, 1981.
26. Mannhein K. Ideology and Utopia. London, Rouledge & Kegan Paul, 1936.

References (transliteration):
1. Adler A. Nauka zhit'. K.: Port-Royal, 1997.
2. Besedy V.D. Duvakina s M.M. Bakhtinym. M.: Progress, 1996.
3. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale
lichnoy istorii avtora (opyt issledovaniya prirody kliniko-psikhologicheskogo znaniya). M.: Ma-
ska, 2011. 306 s.
4. Vernan Zh.-P. Proiskhozhdenie drevnegrecheskoy mysli. M.: Progress, 1988.
5. Vygotskiy L. S. Sobr. soch.: v 6 t. M.: Pedagogika, 1982-1984.
6. Gal'perin P.Ya. Vvedenie v psikhologiyu. M., 1976.
7. Gal'perin P.Ya. K probleme vnimaniya // Doklady APN RSFSR. 1958. ¹ 3. S. 33-38.
8. Leont'ev A.N. Deyatel'nost', soznanie, lichnost'. M., 1975.
9. Leont'ev A.N. Problemy razvitiya psikhiki. M., 1972.
10. Maslou A. Motivatsiya i lichnost'. SPb.: Evraziya,1999.
11. Mokshitskiy E. Mezhdu epistemologiey i sotsiologiey znaniya // Sotsio-Logos. M.: Progress, 1991.
S. 109-124.
12. Oleshkevich V.I. Istoriya i logika razvitiya evropeyskoy psikhotekhniki. M., 2005.
13. Oleshkevich V.I. Istoriya psikhotekhniki. M., 2002.
14. Oleshkevich V.I. Rozhdenie novoy psikhotekhnicheskoy kul'tury. M., 1997.
15. Oleshkevich V.I. Chto takoe metodologiya psikhologii // Zhurnal prakticheskogo psikhologa. 2009.
¹ 1. S. 60-88.
16. Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya Al'freda Adlera. M., 2010.
17. Oleshkevich V.I. Nekotorye podkhody k metodologii psikhologii // Metodologiya i istoriya psikho-
logii. 2007. T. 2. Vyp. 1. S. 20-36.
18. Perlz F. Geshtal't-podkhod. Svidetel' terapii. M.: Izd-vo Instituta Psikhoterapii, 2001.
19. Perlz F. Geshtal't-seminary. M.: Institut obshchegumanitarnykh issledovaniy, 1998.
20. Rodzhers K. Vzglyad na psikhoterapiyu. Stanovlenie cheloveka. M.: Progress-Univers, 1994.
21. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Sistema pedagogicheskikh issledovaniy (Metodologicheskiy analiz) // Pedagogika
i logika: Sb. M., 1993. S. 16-201.
22. Stark W. The Sociology of Knowledge. Chicago, Free Press of Glencoe, 1958.
23. Seidel A. Bewusstsein als Verhaengnis. Bonn, Cohen, 1927.
24. Laudan N. Progress and its problems: Towards a theory of scientific growth. L., 1977.
25. Newton-Smith W. The rationality of science. London, 1981.
26. Mannhein K. Ideology and Utopia. London, Rouledge & Kegan Paul, 1936.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the implementation of the phenomenological concept of ‘reduction’ or ‘epoche’ described by Edmund Husserl. First the author gives the definition of this phenomenological concept and then shows how this concept is being implemented. Special attention is paid at the verbal expression of this phenomenological concept.

Keywords: philosophy, phenomenology, reduction, term, cogitation, Husserl, grammar, Ingarden, language, quotations.

Contact information: Trunov, D. G., 614990, Russia, Perm, ul. Bukireva 15.

References:
1. Veysman A.D. Grechesko-russkiy slovar'. Reprint V-go izdaniya 1899 g. M., 1991. 1370 s.
2. Gusserl' E. Idei k chistoy fenomenologii i fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. T. 1. M.: Dom intel-
lektual'noy knigi, 1999. 336 s.
3. Gusserl' E. Logicheskie issledovaniya. Kartezianskie razmyshleniya. Mn.: Kharvest; M.: AST, 2000.
752 s.
4. Ingarden R. Vvedenie v fenomenologiyu Edmunda Gusserlya: Lektsii 1967 g. v Oslo. M.: Dom intel-
lektual'noy knigi, 1999. 224 s.
5. Ozhegov S.I. Slovar' russkogo yazyka / Pod red. N.Yu. Shvedovoy. 23-e izd., ispr. M.: Rus. yaz., 1990. 917 s.
6. Potebnya A.A. Slovo i mif. M.: Pravda, 1989. 623 s.

References (transliteration):
1. Veysman A.D. Grechesko-russkiy slovar'. Reprint V-go izdaniya 1899 g. M., 1991. 1370 s.
2. Gusserl' E. Idei k chistoy fenomenologii i fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. T. 1. M.: Dom intel-
lektual'noy knigi, 1999. 336 s.
3. Gusserl' E. Logicheskie issledovaniya. Kartezianskie razmyshleniya. Mn.: Kharvest; M.: AST, 2000.
752 s.
4. Ingarden R. Vvedenie v fenomenologiyu Edmunda Gusserlya: Lektsii 1967 g. v Oslo. M.: Dom intel-
lektual'noy knigi, 1999. 224 s.
5. Ozhegov S.I. Slovar' russkogo yazyka / Pod red. N.Yu. Shvedovoy. 23-e izd., ispr. M.: Rus. yaz., 1990. 917 s.
6. Potebnya A.A. Slovo i mif. M.: Pravda, 1989. 623 s.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the biography of one of the most powerful analytical philosophers John Searle. His biography includes interesting personal and historical data about the philosopher’s childhood, teaching at Oxford and philosophical researches throughout his 40-year experience as a professor at University of California, Berkeley (California, USA). His scientific and creative activity has made a great contribution to researching language, mind and consciousness, human rationality and processes of building social reality. John Searle’ philosophical works received international recognition and his biography was translated into several languages. The philosopher also gave his lectures all over the world.

Keywords: philosophy, Searle, college, Oxford, philosophizing method, philosophy of language, speech acts, Jane Austen, Berkleley, the mind issue.

Contact information: Goncharova, S. Yu., Volkhonka St. 14/1, bld. 5, room 432, Moscow 119991, Russia.

References:
1. Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 269 s.
2. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Perevod s angl. A.F. Gryaznova. M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
3. Gustavo Faigenbaum, Conversaciones con John Searle, Libros En Red, Print on Demand, 2001.
4. Interview with John Searle, The Thinker, The Journal of Cognitive Science at UC Berkeley, Vol. II, Issue 1,
Spring 2000.
5. Searle J.R. Minds, Brains, and Programs // Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1980. ¹ 3. P. 417-424.

References (transliteration):
1. Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 269 s.
2. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Perevod s angl. A.F. Gryaznova. M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
3. Gustavo Faigenbaum, Conversaciones con John Searle, Libros En Red, Print on Demand, 2001.
4. Interview with John Searle, The Thinker, The Journal of Cognitive Science at UC Berkeley, Vol. II, Issue 1,
Spring 2000.
5. Searle J.R. Minds, Brains, and Programs // Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 1980. ¹ 3. P. 417-424.

Abstract: The article provides arguments for B. Kaplan’s and T. Nagel’s critical remarks about John Searle’s solution of the mind-body problem. Searle explained the cause of the mental based on the emergence conception. From such point of viwe, subjectivity of the reality is transformed into a biologial or physical property so the mind becomes a mental and, consequently, a physical property of the brain similar to the liquid state being the property of the molecular system. As opposed to Searle’s thesis saying that the mind is the product of the brain activity and its property at the same time, the author of this particular article analyzes arguments against such concept both in science and philosophy.

Keywords: philosophy, consciousness, mind, John Searle, causality, feature, description level, dualism, psyche, physical.

References:
1. Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 269 s.
2. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Perevod s angl. A.F. Gryaznova. M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
3. Uilber K. Integral'naya teoriya soznaniya [Elektronnyy resurs] // [PDF] Wilber, Ken. An integral
theory of consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. Volume 4. Number 1. 1997. P. 71-92(22) /
Perevedeno i opublikovano: mart 2007/.
4. Caplan B. Solving the Mind-Body Problem: Dualism vs. Searle, 1992. [Elektronnyy resurs] // http://
econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/Searle.
5. Huemer M., What is the mind/body problem? [Elektronnyy resurs] // http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~owl/
mind.html.
6. Place U.T. Identifying the Mind: Selected Papers of U.T. Place, edited by George Graham and Elizabeth R.
Valentine, Oxford University Press, 2004. 232 p.
7. Searle John (1992) The Rediscovery of the Mind, Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press. 270 p.
8. Searle J.R. Minds, Brains and Science: The 1984 Reith Lectures, Harvard University Press, 1984.
9. Searle J.R. Mind, a brief introduction, Oxford University Press, 2004. 336 p.
10. Tiller W.A. Science and Human Transformation: Subtle Energies, Intentionality and Consciousness, Pavior
Publishers, 1997.

References (transliteration):
1. Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 269 s.
2. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Perevod s angl. A.F. Gryaznova. M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
3. Uilber K. Integral'naya teoriya soznaniya [Elektronnyy resurs] // [PDF] Wilber, Ken. An integral
theory of consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. Volume 4. Number 1. 1997. P. 71-92(22) /
Perevedeno i opublikovano: mart 2007/.
4. Caplan B. Solving the Mind-Body Problem: Dualism vs. Searle, 1992. [Elektronnyy resurs] // http://
econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/Searle.
5. Huemer M., What is the mind/body problem? [Elektronnyy resurs] // http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~owl/
mind.html.
6. Place U.T. Identifying the Mind: Selected Papers of U.T. Place, edited by George Graham and Elizabeth R.
Valentine, Oxford University Press, 2004. 232 p.
7. Searle John (1992) The Rediscovery of the Mind, Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press. 270 p.
8. Searle J.R. Minds, Brains and Science: The 1984 Reith Lectures, Harvard University Press, 1984.
9. Searle J.R. Mind, a brief introduction, Oxford University Press, 2004. 336 p.
10. Tiller W.A. Science and Human Transformation: Subtle Energies, Intentionality and Consciousness, Pavior
Publishers, 1997.

Abstract: The article provides a new solution of the ‘difficult consciousness issue’ which explains why all the previous solutions of the ‘consciousness and body’ issue failed. The author of the article describes a new theory of consciousness and its structure which allows to explain the consciousness phenomena as well as to study consciousness in an experimental way. Solution is based on the hypothesis about environment model which is used in explaining the issue and consciousness structure.

Keywords: philosophy, consciousness, difficult issue, mental, qualia, reality model, I and It, brain, representation, neurophysiology.

References:
1. Luriya A.R. Vysshie korkovye funktsii cheloveka i ikh narusheniya pri lokal'nykh porazheniyakh. M.:
Akademicheskiy proekt, 2000.
2. Ramachandran V.S. Rozhdenie razuma. Zagadki nashego soznaniya. M.: Olimp-Biznes, 2006.
3. Saks O. Chelovek, kotoryy prinyal zhenu za shlyapu. SPb: Science Press, 2006.
4. Skorokhodova O.I. Kak ya vosprinimayu, predstavlyayu i ponimayu okruzhayushchiy mir. M.: Pedagogika,
1972.
5. Chalmers D.J. Facing up to the problem of consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. 1995. ¹ 2 (3).

References (transliteration):
1. Luriya A.R. Vysshie korkovye funktsii cheloveka i ikh narusheniya pri lokal'nykh porazheniyakh. M.:
Akademicheskiy proekt, 2000.
2. Ramachandran V.S. Rozhdenie razuma. Zagadki nashego soznaniya. M.: Olimp-Biznes, 2006.
3. Saks O. Chelovek, kotoryy prinyal zhenu za shlyapu. SPb: Science Press, 2006.
4. Skorokhodova O.I. Kak ya vosprinimayu, predstavlyayu i ponimayu okruzhayushchiy mir. M.: Pedagogika,
1972.
5. Chalmers D.J. Facing up to the problem of consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. 1995. ¹ 2 (3).

Abstract: The main goal o this article is to clarity the term ‘escapism’, to analyze how it originated and how it is used in modern socio-humanitarian sciences. It is shown that the term ‘escapism’ is very rarely studied in philosophy and therefore, it needs a thorough analysis. The author suggests that we should view escapism not only from the point of view of alienation of a person from the other world but also as an efficient creative force as one of the elements of individual consciousness.

Keywords: philosophy, escapism, Self, identity, escape, consciousness, dissociation, imagination, reality, virtual.

References:
1. Debor G. Obshchestvo spektaklya. M., 2000.
2. Zamoshkin Yu.A. Krizis burzhuaznogo individualizma i lichnost'. M., 1966.
3. Kortunov V.V. Begstvo ot real'nosti, ili Oborotnaya storona telekommunikatsionnykh tekhnologiy.
M., 2003.
4. Trufanova E.O. Edinstvo i mnozhestvennost' Ya. M., 2010.
5. Kheyzinga Y. Homo ludens // Kheyzinga Y. Homo Ludens; Stat'i po istorii kul'tury. M., 1997.
6. Chertkova E.L. Metamorfozy utopicheskogo soznaniya (ot utopii k utopizmu) // Voprosy filosofii.
2001. ¹ 7. S. 47-58.
7. Yarovenko S.A. «Begstvo ot real'nosti»: Automifologizatsiya kak garmonizatsiya «Ya-bytiya» cherez
prinyatie illyuzii» // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. ¹ 331. Fevral' 2010.
8. Benson A.C. Escape, and Other Essays. N.-Y., 1915.
9. Burgess A.F., Gutstein S.E. Quality of life for people with autism: raising the standard for evaluating
successful outcomes. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 12 (2): 80–6, 2007.
10. Evans A. This Virtual Life. Escapism and Simulation in Our Media World. London, 2001.
11. Geiger G.R. Philosophy and Social Change // The Antioch Review. Vol. 1. ¹ 1 (Spring 1941). P. 69-81.
12. Gergen K. The Saturated Self: Dilemmas Of Identity In Contemporary Life. N.-Y., 1991.
13. Heilman R.B. The Sewanee Review. Vol. 83. ¹ 3 (Summer, 1975). P. 439-458.
14. James W. The Principles of Psychology, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
15. Katz E., Foulkes D. On the Use of the Mass Media as “Escape”: Clarification of a Concaept // The Public
Opinion Quarterly. Vol. 26. ¹ 3 (Autumn, 1962). P. 377-388.
16. Lifton R.J. The Protean Self. Human Resilience in an Age of Fragmentation. N.Y., 1993.
17. Lilly J.S. The Scientist: A Novel Autobiography. Lippincott, 1978.
18. Staniloiu A., Markowitsch H.J., Brand M. Psychogenic amnesia — A malady of the constricted self.
Consciousness and Cognition 19, 2010. P. 778-801.
19. Yi-Fu Tuan. Escapism. Baltimore, London, 1998.

References (transliteration):
1. Debor G. Obshchestvo spektaklya. M., 2000.
2. Zamoshkin Yu.A. Krizis burzhuaznogo individualizma i lichnost'. M., 1966.
3. Kortunov V.V. Begstvo ot real'nosti, ili Oborotnaya storona telekommunikatsionnykh tekhnologiy.
M., 2003.
4. Trufanova E.O. Edinstvo i mnozhestvennost' Ya. M., 2010.
5. Kheyzinga Y. Homo ludens // Kheyzinga Y. Homo Ludens; Stat'i po istorii kul'tury. M., 1997.
6. Chertkova E.L. Metamorfozy utopicheskogo soznaniya (ot utopii k utopizmu) // Voprosy filosofii.
2001. ¹ 7. S. 47-58.
7. Yarovenko S.A. «Begstvo ot real'nosti»: Automifologizatsiya kak garmonizatsiya «Ya-bytiya» cherez
prinyatie illyuzii» // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. ¹ 331. Fevral' 2010.
8. Benson A.C. Escape, and Other Essays. N.-Y., 1915.
9. Burgess A.F., Gutstein S.E. Quality of life for people with autism: raising the standard for evaluating
successful outcomes. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 12 (2): 80–6, 2007.
10. Evans A. This Virtual Life. Escapism and Simulation in Our Media World. London, 2001.
11. Geiger G.R. Philosophy and Social Change // The Antioch Review. Vol. 1. ¹ 1 (Spring 1941). P. 69-81.
12. Gergen K. The Saturated Self: Dilemmas Of Identity In Contemporary Life. N.-Y., 1991.
13. Heilman R.B. The Sewanee Review. Vol. 83. ¹ 3 (Summer, 1975). P. 439-458.
14. James W. The Principles of Psychology, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
15. Katz E., Foulkes D. On the Use of the Mass Media as “Escape”: Clarification of a Concaept // The Public
Opinion Quarterly. Vol. 26. ¹ 3 (Autumn, 1962). P. 377-388.
16. Lifton R.J. The Protean Self. Human Resilience in an Age of Fragmentation. N.Y., 1993.
17. Lilly J.S. The Scientist: A Novel Autobiography. Lippincott, 1978.
18. Staniloiu A., Markowitsch H.J., Brand M. Psychogenic amnesia — A malady of the constricted self.
Consciousness and Cognition 19, 2010. P. 778-801.
19. Yi-Fu Tuan. Escapism. Baltimore, London, 1998.

Abstract: The article analyzes socio-cultural perception of space in religious beliefs as a mechanism, form of reflection of the real world by the consciousness as well as the integrated image of space formed under the influence of religious experience.

Keywords: philosophy, gnoseology, religion, perception, belief, consciousness, socio-culture, experience, space.

References:
1. Barabanshchikov V.A. Sistemnaya organizatsiya i razvitie psikhiki / V.A. Barabanshchikov // Psikholo-
gicheskiy zhurnal. 2003. ¹ 1. S. 29-46.
2. Berger P. Religioznyy opyt i traditsiya / Religiya i obshchestvo. Khrestomatiya po sotsiologii religii:
Dlya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. V 2-kh chch. / sost. V.I. Garadzha, E.D. Rutkevich. M.: Nauka, 1994. Ch. 1.
3. Berdyaev N.A. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M.: Respublika, 1994.
4. Branskiy V.P., Kagan M.S., Mayzel' I.A. Dialektika poznaniya. L.: Izd-vo Leningradskogo uni-
versiteta, 1988.
5. Gegel' G.V.F. Filosofiya istorii [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti do
sovremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. 1 elektron. otp. disk (CD —
ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
6. Gurevich A.Ya. Kategorii srednevekovoy kul'tury. M.: Iskusstvo, 1972.
7. Gorin D.G. Prostranstvo i vremya v dinamike rossiyskoy tsivilizatsii. M.: Editorial URSS, 2003.
8. Ivanov A.V. Soznanie i myshlenie M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1994.
9. Il'in I.A. Aksiomy religioznogo opyta. Issledovanie v 2-kh tt. M.: Russkaya kniga, 2002.
10. Kassidi F.Kh. Ot mifa k logosu. — M., 1972.
11. Loskutov B.B., Ivanov M.D. K probleme vliyaniya dukhovno-religioznogo opyta na transformatsiyu
lichnosti [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikheya: sayt. Samarskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet. URL:
http://www.psycheya.ru/lib_index.html (data obrashcheniya 27.09.2009).
12. Mironov V.V., Ivanov A.V. Ontologiya i teoriya poznaniya: Uchebnik. M.: Gardariki, 2005.
13. Florenskiy P. U vodorazdelov mysli [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti
do sovremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina. M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. 1 elektron. otp. disk
(CD — ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
14. Frank S.L. S nami Bog / Dukhovnye osnovy obshchestva. M.: «Respublika», 1992.
15. Shpengler O. Zakat Evropy [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti do so-
vremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina — M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. — 1 elektron. otp. disk
(CD — ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
16. Eko U. Otsutstvuyushchaya struktura. Vvedenie v semiologiyu. SPb: Simpozium, 2006.

References (transliteration):
1. Barabanshchikov V.A. Sistemnaya organizatsiya i razvitie psikhiki / V.A. Barabanshchikov // Psikholo-
gicheskiy zhurnal. 2003. ¹ 1. S. 29-46.
2. Berger P. Religioznyy opyt i traditsiya / Religiya i obshchestvo. Khrestomatiya po sotsiologii religii:
Dlya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. V 2-kh chch. / sost. V.I. Garadzha, E.D. Rutkevich. M.: Nauka, 1994. Ch. 1.
3. Berdyaev N.A. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M.: Respublika, 1994.
4. Branskiy V.P., Kagan M.S., Mayzel' I.A. Dialektika poznaniya. L.: Izd-vo Leningradskogo uni-
versiteta, 1988.
5. Gegel' G.V.F. Filosofiya istorii [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti do
sovremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. 1 elektron. otp. disk (CD —
ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
6. Gurevich A.Ya. Kategorii srednevekovoy kul'tury. M.: Iskusstvo, 1972.
7. Gorin D.G. Prostranstvo i vremya v dinamike rossiyskoy tsivilizatsii. M.: Editorial URSS, 2003.
8. Ivanov A.V. Soznanie i myshlenie M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1994.
9. Il'in I.A. Aksiomy religioznogo opyta. Issledovanie v 2-kh tt. M.: Russkaya kniga, 2002.
10. Kassidi F.Kh. Ot mifa k logosu. — M., 1972.
11. Loskutov B.B., Ivanov M.D. K probleme vliyaniya dukhovno-religioznogo opyta na transformatsiyu
lichnosti [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikheya: sayt. Samarskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet. URL:
http://www.psycheya.ru/lib_index.html (data obrashcheniya 27.09.2009).
12. Mironov V.V., Ivanov A.V. Ontologiya i teoriya poznaniya: Uchebnik. M.: Gardariki, 2005.
13. Florenskiy P. U vodorazdelov mysli [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti
do sovremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina. M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. 1 elektron. otp. disk
(CD — ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
14. Frank S.L. S nami Bog / Dukhovnye osnovy obshchestva. M.: «Respublika», 1992.
15. Shpengler O. Zakat Evropy [Elektronnyy resurs] // Mirovaya filosofiya: ot antichnosti do so-
vremennosti / pod red. A. Litvina — M.: Direktmedia Pablishing, 2003. — 1 elektron. otp. disk
(CD — ROM). — (Seriya «Elektronnaya biblioteka»).
16. Eko U. Otsutstvuyushchaya struktura. Vvedenie v semiologiyu. SPb: Simpozium, 2006.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the subjective side of socio-cultural perception of space in philosophical legal conceptions. It is viewed as a perception complex and the process of the subject’s inner emotions regulating his activity. The subject’s readiness to perceive space from the socio-cultural point of view is explained by the fact that there are mythological, religious, scientific and philosophical conceptions of space in a human mind.

Keywords: philosophy, subject, perception, space, interest, right, emotions, motives, situation, consciousness.

References:
1. Barabanshchikov V.A. Problemy psikhologii vospriyatiya / V.A. Barabanshchikov, D.I. Dubrovskiy
V.A. Lektorskiy [Elektronnyy resurs] // Rezhim dostupa — http://journal.iph.ras.ru/baraban.
html. 26.11.09. 13 chas. 30 min.
2. Delez Zh., Gvattari F. Rizoma / Kornevishche O.B. Kniga neklassicheskoy estetiki / pod red.
V.V. Bychkova, N.B. Man'kovskoy. M., 1998.
3. Zheltova V.P. Filosofiya i burzhuaznoe pravosoznanie. Istoriko-filosofskiy ocherk. M.:
Nauka, 1977.
4. Kant I. Kritika chistogo razuma / pod red. O.N. Andreeva. M.: Eksmo; SPb.: Midgard, 2007.
5. Merlo-Ponti M. Fenomenologiya vospriyatiya / per. V.A. Surovtseva, E.A. Naymana. Intentsi-
onal'nost' i t ekstual'nost'. Filosofskaya mysl' Frantsii XX veka. Tomsk: Vodoley, 1998.
6. Nosov N.A. Manifest virtualistiki. Tr. lab. virtualistiki. Vyp. 15. M.: Put', 2001.
[Elektronnyy resurs] // Rezhim dostupa — http://www.33plus1.ru/Decor/Art/Russian/MIF/
Vir_Manifest.htm 22.06.2010. 18 chas. 26 min.
7. Petrazhitskiy L. I. O motivakh chelovecheskikh postupkov, v osobennosti, ob eticheskikh motivakh
i ikh raznovidnostyakh. SPb.: tipografiya E.L. Porokhovshchikovoy, 1904.
8. Pivovarov D.V. Ontologiya religii. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2009.
9. Tyagunova L.A. Izmenenie predstavleniy o virtual'nosti i ikh vliyanie na sotsium // So-
tsial'nye idealy v strategiyakh obshchestvennogo razvitiya. Mezhvuzovskiy nauchnyy sbornik.
ch. 1. Saratov: Nauchnaya kniga, 2005. S. 78-84.
10. Chechot D.M. Sub'ektivnoe pravo i formy ego zashchity. L.: Izd-vo Leningr. un-ta, 1968.
11. Yavich L.S. Obshchaya teoriya prava. L.: Izd-vo Leningr. un-ta, 1976.
12. Jaspers K. Allgemeine Psychologie. Munchen, 1955.
13. Jaspers K. Philosophie, Bd. II. Berlin, 1956.
14. Jaspers K. Philosophische Logik. Munchen, 1958.
15. Jaspers K. Die Schuldfrage. Zurich, 1946.
16. Welzel H. Das neue Bild des Strafrechtssystem. Gottingen, 1957.

References (transliteration):
1. Barabanshchikov V.A. Problemy psikhologii vospriyatiya / V.A. Barabanshchikov, D.I. Dubrovskiy
V.A. Lektorskiy [Elektronnyy resurs] // Rezhim dostupa — http://journal.iph.ras.ru/baraban.
html. 26.11.09. 13 chas. 30 min.
2. Delez Zh., Gvattari F. Rizoma / Kornevishche O.B. Kniga neklassicheskoy estetiki / pod red.
V.V. Bychkova, N.B. Man'kovskoy. M., 1998.
3. Zheltova V.P. Filosofiya i burzhuaznoe pravosoznanie. Istoriko-filosofskiy ocherk. M.:
Nauka, 1977.
4. Kant I. Kritika chistogo razuma / pod red. O.N. Andreeva. M.: Eksmo; SPb.: Midgard, 2007.
5. Merlo-Ponti M. Fenomenologiya vospriyatiya / per. V.A. Surovtseva, E.A. Naymana. Intentsi-
onal'nost' i t ekstual'nost'. Filosofskaya mysl' Frantsii XX veka. Tomsk: Vodoley, 1998.
6. Nosov N.A. Manifest virtualistiki. Tr. lab. virtualistiki. Vyp. 15. M.: Put', 2001.
[Elektronnyy resurs] // Rezhim dostupa — http://www.33plus1.ru/Decor/Art/Russian/MIF/
Vir_Manifest.htm 22.06.2010. 18 chas. 26 min.
7. Petrazhitskiy L. I. O motivakh chelovecheskikh postupkov, v osobennosti, ob eticheskikh motivakh
i ikh raznovidnostyakh. SPb.: tipografiya E.L. Porokhovshchikovoy, 1904.
8. Pivovarov D.V. Ontologiya religii. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2009.
9. Tyagunova L.A. Izmenenie predstavleniy o virtual'nosti i ikh vliyanie na sotsium // So-
tsial'nye idealy v strategiyakh obshchestvennogo razvitiya. Mezhvuzovskiy nauchnyy sbornik.
ch. 1. Saratov: Nauchnaya kniga, 2005. S. 78-84.
10. Chechot D.M. Sub'ektivnoe pravo i formy ego zashchity. L.: Izd-vo Leningr. un-ta, 1968.
11. Yavich L.S. Obshchaya teoriya prava. L.: Izd-vo Leningr. un-ta, 1976.
12. Jaspers K. Allgemeine Psychologie. Munchen, 1955.
13. Jaspers K. Philosophie, Bd. II. Berlin, 1956.
14. Jaspers K. Philosophische Logik. Munchen, 1958.
15. Jaspers K. Die Schuldfrage. Zurich, 1946.
16. Welzel H. Das neue Bild des Strafrechtssystem. Gottingen, 1957.

Abstract: The article discusses the possibility of building an information and synergetic model of consciousness. The author introduces a principle of ontological reality of information – primary information in relation to material and energetic (or physical) reality and reality of meanings (or ideal reality). The author suggests a new approach to understanding an anthropic principle and interpretation of a philosophical category ‘consciousness’ as a concept of information reality theory.

Keywords: philosophy, consciousness, information, synergetics, reality, science, creativity, subjective, principle, physics.

References:
1. Arshinov V.I. Sinergetika konvergiruet so slozhnost'yu // Voprosy filosofii. 2011. ¹ 4. S. 73-83.
2. Viner N. Kibernetika, ili upravlenie i svyaz' v zhivotnom i mashine. M., 1968.
3. Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema ideal'nogo. Sub'ektivnaya real'nost'. M.: Kanon+, 2002.
4. Zhukov N.I. Problema soznaniya. Minsk, 1987.
5. Zinchenko V.P. Tsennosti v strukture soznaniya // Voprosy filosofii. 2011. ¹ 8. S. 98-110.
6. Ivanitskiy G.R. XXI vek: chto takoe zhizn' s tochki zreniya fiziki? // Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk. M., 2010.
T. 175. ¹ 4. S. 348-349.
7. Informatsionnyy podkhod v mezhdistsiplinarnoy perspektive // Voprosy filosofii. 2010. ¹ 2.
S. 84-112.
8. Menskiy M.B. Chelovek i kvantovyy mir. Fryazino, 2005.
9. Penrouz R. Novyy um korolya. O komp'yuterakh, myshlenii i zakonakh fiziki. M.: Izd-vo URSS, 2005.
10. Sanochkin V.V. Priroda informatsii i razvitiya. Sbornik statey. M., 2004.
11. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo. M., 2002.
12. Filosofiya soznaniya: Analiticheskaya traditsiya. Tret'i Gryaznovskie chteniya. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy
nauchnoy konferentsii (6-7 noyabrya 2009 g.). M.: Sovremennye tetradi, 2009.
13. Chernavskiy D.S. Sinergetika i informatsiya: Dinamicheskaya teoriya informatsii. M.: Nauka, 2001.
14. Yulina N.S. Tayna soznaniya: al'ternativnye strategii issledovaniya // Voprosy filosofii. 2004. ¹ 10.
15. Yakovlev V. A. Metafizika kreativnosti // Voprosy filosofii. 2010. ¹ 6. S. 44-54.

References (transliteration):
1. Arshinov V.I. Sinergetika konvergiruet so slozhnost'yu // Voprosy filosofii. 2011. ¹ 4. S. 73-83.
2. Viner N. Kibernetika, ili upravlenie i svyaz' v zhivotnom i mashine. M., 1968.
3. Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema ideal'nogo. Sub'ektivnaya real'nost'. M.: Kanon+, 2002.
4. Zhukov N.I. Problema soznaniya. Minsk, 1987.
5. Zinchenko V.P. Tsennosti v strukture soznaniya // Voprosy filosofii. 2011. ¹ 8. S. 98-110.
6. Ivanitskiy G.R. XXI vek: chto takoe zhizn' s tochki zreniya fiziki? // Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk. M., 2010.
T. 175. ¹ 4. S. 348-349.
7. Informatsionnyy podkhod v mezhdistsiplinarnoy perspektive // Voprosy filosofii. 2010. ¹ 2.
S. 84-112.
8. Menskiy M.B. Chelovek i kvantovyy mir. Fryazino, 2005.
9. Penrouz R. Novyy um korolya. O komp'yuterakh, myshlenii i zakonakh fiziki. M.: Izd-vo URSS, 2005.
10. Sanochkin V.V. Priroda informatsii i razvitiya. Sbornik statey. M., 2004.
11. Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo. M., 2002.
12. Filosofiya soznaniya: Analiticheskaya traditsiya. Tret'i Gryaznovskie chteniya. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy
nauchnoy konferentsii (6-7 noyabrya 2009 g.). M.: Sovremennye tetradi, 2009.
13. Chernavskiy D.S. Sinergetika i informatsiya: Dinamicheskaya teoriya informatsii. M.: Nauka, 2001.
14. Yulina N.S. Tayna soznaniya: al'ternativnye strategii issledovaniya // Voprosy filosofii. 2004. ¹ 10.
15. Yakovlev V. A. Metafizika kreativnosti // Voprosy filosofii. 2010. ¹ 6. S. 44-54.

Abstract: The article analyzes the three basic conceptions of cogitation created by G. P. Schedrovitsky. The first conception is aimed at creating the theory of cogitation and views cogitation as a developing semiotic process and activity. The second conception limits the definition of cogitation to methodologists’ activity and researches its reflection. The third conception interprets cogitation as a subsystem of thinking activity conditioned by communication in particular.

Keywords: philosophy, cogitation, conception, genesis, activity, thinking activity, designing, communication, culture, methodology.

References:
1. Dekart R. Izbrannye proizvedeniya. M., 1950.
2. Rozin V.M. Nauchnye issledovanii i skhemy v Moskovskom metodologicheskom kruzhke. M., 2011.
3. Rozin V.M. Postroenie teorii myshleniya — «sinyaya ptitsa» G.P. Shchedrovitskogo // Georgiy Petrovich
Shchedrovitskiy (Filosofiya Rossii vtoroy poloviny KhKh v.). M., 2010.
4. Sazonov B.V. Ponyatiya «problema» i protsessy problematizatsii v MMK kak klyuchevye dlya po-
nimaniya metodologicheskogo myshleniya // Georgiy Petrovich Shchedrovitskiy. (Filosofiya Rossii
vtoroy poloviny KhKh v.). M., 2010.
5. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Sladkaya diktatura mysli // Voprosy metodologii. 1994. ¹ 1-2.
6. Shchedrovitskiy G. Iz istorii MMK (1952-1061) // G.P. Shchedrovitskiy Moskovskiy metodologicheskiy
kruzhok: razvitie idey i podkhodov. (Iz arkhiva G.P. Shchedrovitskogo). T. 8. Vyp. 1. M., 2004.
7. Shchedrovitskiy G. Problemy logiki nauchnogo issledovaniya // Iz arkhiva G.P. Shchedrovitskogo. T. 7.
M., 2004.
8. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. O razlichii iskhodnykh ponyatiy «formal'noy» i «soderzhatel'noy» logik //
Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy. M., 1995.
9. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Metodologicheskiy smysl oppozitsii naturalisticheskogo i sistemodeyatel'-
nostnogo podkhodov // Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy. M., 1995.
10. Shchedrovitskiy G. Znak i deyatel'nost'. M., 2005.
11. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Zametki o myshlenii po skhemam dvoynogo znaniya // Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Iz-
brannye trudy. M., 1995.
12. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Metodologicheskaya organizatsiya sfery psikhologii // Voprosy metodologii.
1997. ¹ 1-2.
13. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Printsipy i obshchaya skhema metodologicheskoy organizatsii sistemno-struktur-
nykh issledovaniy i razrabotok // Voprosy metodologii. 1997. ¹ 1-2.
14. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Iskhodnye predstavleniya i kategorial'nye sredstva teorii deyatel'nosti //
Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy. M., 1995.
15. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Chelovek kak predmet issledovaniya // Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy.
M., 1995.

References (transliteration):
1. Dekart R. Izbrannye proizvedeniya. M., 1950.
2. Rozin V.M. Nauchnye issledovanii i skhemy v Moskovskom metodologicheskom kruzhke. M., 2011.
3. Rozin V.M. Postroenie teorii myshleniya — «sinyaya ptitsa» G.P. Shchedrovitskogo // Georgiy Petrovich
Shchedrovitskiy (Filosofiya Rossii vtoroy poloviny KhKh v.). M., 2010.
4. Sazonov B.V. Ponyatiya «problema» i protsessy problematizatsii v MMK kak klyuchevye dlya po-
nimaniya metodologicheskogo myshleniya // Georgiy Petrovich Shchedrovitskiy. (Filosofiya Rossii
vtoroy poloviny KhKh v.). M., 2010.
5. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Sladkaya diktatura mysli // Voprosy metodologii. 1994. ¹ 1-2.
6. Shchedrovitskiy G. Iz istorii MMK (1952-1061) // G.P. Shchedrovitskiy Moskovskiy metodologicheskiy
kruzhok: razvitie idey i podkhodov. (Iz arkhiva G.P. Shchedrovitskogo). T. 8. Vyp. 1. M., 2004.
7. Shchedrovitskiy G. Problemy logiki nauchnogo issledovaniya // Iz arkhiva G.P. Shchedrovitskogo. T. 7.
M., 2004.
8. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. O razlichii iskhodnykh ponyatiy «formal'noy» i «soderzhatel'noy» logik //
Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy. M., 1995.
9. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Metodologicheskiy smysl oppozitsii naturalisticheskogo i sistemodeyatel'-
nostnogo podkhodov // Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye trudy. M., 1995.
10. Shchedrovitskiy G. Znak i deyatel'nost'. M., 2005.
11. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Zametki o myshlenii po skhemam dvoynogo znaniya // Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Iz-
brannye trudy. M., 1995.
12. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Metodologicheskaya organizatsiya sfery psikhologii // Voprosy metodologii.
1997. ¹ 1-2.
13. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Printsipy i obshchaya skhema metodologicheskoy organizatsii sistemno-struktur-
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Abstract: The article contains the analytical review of the main conceptions in philosophy which are devoted to the problem of consciousness.

Keywords: philosophy, consciousness, idealism, materialism, metaphysics, phenomenology, monism, behaviorism, continuity, discontinuity

Contact information: Efimova Irina Yakovlevna, inef_ina@mail.ru

References:
Vinnik D.V. Soznanie kak problema v sovremennoy psikhologii i filosofii. Novosibirsk, 2005.
Gusserl'E. Idei k chistoy fenomenologii i fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. M., 1999.
Kaplan G.I., Sedok. B.Dzh. Klinicheskaya psikhiatriya: Iz sinopsisa po psikhiatrii. T. 1. M., 1998.
Mamardashvili M.K. Strela poznaniya: Nabrosok estestvennoistoricheskoy gnoseologii. M., 1996.
Mamardashvili M.K., Pyatigorskiy A.M. Simvol i soznanie. M., 1997.
Molchanov V.Paradigmy soznaniya i struktury opyta // Logos. 1992. ¹ 3. S. 9.
Prist S. Teorii soznaniya. M., 2000.
Yum D. Soch. v 2-kh tt. T. 1. M., 1965.
Campbell K. Mat erialism. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 5-6. Ed. by. Paul Edwar ds. London, 2000. P. 179-188.
FeiglH. The «mental» and the «physical» // Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science. Vol. 1. Minneapolis, 1956.
Heidegger M. Sein und Zeit, tra ns. J. Masquarr ie and E. Robinson as Being and Time. Oxford: Blackwell, 1962.
Howarth J. Phenomenology. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed.by. E. Cra ig. Vol. 7. London; New York, 1978. P. 343-350.
Husserl E. Cart esianische Meditat ionem, tra ns. D. Cairns as Cart esian Meditat ions. The Hague, 1977.
Merleau-Ponty, M. Phenomenologie de la Perseption, tra ns. C. Smith as Phenomenology of Perception. London: Routledge, 1981.
Robinson H. Mat erialism in th e philosophy of mind. Routledge Encyclopedia of philosophy. Ed.by. Edwar d Cra ig. V. 7. London, New York, 1998. P. 173-177.
Russell B. An Outline of Philosophy. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1927.
Russell B. The Analysis of Mind. New York; London, 1924.
Sartr e J.P. L’Etr e et le Neant, tra ns. H. Bar ness as Being and Noth ingness. London: Meth uen, 1958.
Stra wson P. Individuals: An Essay in Descriptive Meta physics. London, 1959.
The Cambridge Dictionar y of Philosophy// Ed. by Robert Audi. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

References (transliteration):
Vinnik D.V. Soznanie kak problema v sovremennoy psikhologii i filosofii. Novosibirsk, 2005.
Gusserl'E. Idei k chistoy fenomenologii i fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. M., 1999.
Kaplan G.I., Sedok. B.Dzh. Klinicheskaya psikhiatriya: Iz sinopsisa po psikhiatrii. T. 1. M., 1998.
Mamardashvili M.K. Strela poznaniya: Nabrosok estestvennoistoricheskoy gnoseologii. M., 1996.
Mamardashvili M.K., Pyatigorskiy A.M. Simvol i soznanie. M., 1997.
Molchanov V.Paradigmy soznaniya i struktury opyta // Logos. 1992. ¹ 3. S. 9.
Prist S. Teorii soznaniya. M., 2000.
Yum D. Soch. v 2-kh tt. T. 1. M., 1965.
Campbell K. Mat erialism. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 5-6. Ed. by. Paul Edwar ds. London, 2000. P. 179-188.
FeiglH. The «mental» and the «physical» // Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science. Vol. 1. Minneapolis, 1956.
Heidegger M. Sein und Zeit, tra ns. J. Masquarr ie and E. Robinson as Being and Time. Oxford: Blackwell, 1962.
Howarth J. Phenomenology. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed.by. E. Cra ig. Vol. 7. London; New York, 1978. P. 343-350.
Husserl E. Cart esianische Meditat ionem, tra ns. D. Cairns as Cart esian Meditat ions. The Hague, 1977.
Merleau-Ponty, M. Phenomenologie de la Perseption, tra ns. C. Smith as Phenomenology of Perception. London: Routledge, 1981.
Robinson H. Mat erialism in th e philosophy of mind. Routledge Encyclopedia of philosophy. Ed.by. Edwar d Cra ig. V. 7. London, New York, 1998. P. 173-177.
Russell B. An Outline of Philosophy. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1927.
Russell B. The Analysis of Mind. New York; London, 1924.
Sartr e J.P. L’Etr e et le Neant, tra ns. H. Bar ness as Being and Noth ingness. London: Meth uen, 1958.
Stra wson P. Individuals: An Essay in Descriptive Meta physics. London, 1959.
The Cambridge Dictionar y of Philosophy// Ed. by Robert Audi. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Abstract: Mysticism is extending its influence in the “uncharmed world”. The future of science, anthropology and philosophy are often related to ideas of Cabbala or Hesychasm. In the religious studies mystic means activity of a human learning about the world from the point of “the sacred beginning”. Mysticism is nothing more but a discourse and reflection on that. Mystic experience is the first level of the activity which becomes institualized on the second functional level and serves socio-political purposes on the third level, where it takes the form of clericalism and theocracy.