Abstract: The article deals with modern cultural studies of choice, carried out within the framework of a pragmatic turn, a turn to the material, modern critical theory. It is shown that an independent field of cultural studies of choice is outlined, however, due to the complexity of the object for such developments, the fragmentation of the methods and approaches used is specific. To concretize and develop socio-cultural ideas about choice, we propose a specific conceptual construction — the concept of "culture of choice", which has its own internal structure. In the structure of the "culture of choice" we have identified two components: subjective and environmental. The subjective component is understood as cultural values internalized by the individual, norms, rules, principles that guide the subject when making a choice, as well as the subject’s culturally conditioned memory of the past and foresight of the future. The environmental component represents the features of the environment in which the individual makes a choice, information about the alternatives of choice that is currently incoming, as well as the tools and mechanisms of the environment that the subject uses when making a choice.

Keywords: choice alternatives, choice constraints, determinants of choice, choice studies, decision making, choice, culturological approach, culture of choice, culture, choice culture structure

References:
Inglehart, R. F. (2018). Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Iyengar, S. S. & Lepper, M. R. (2002). When Choice Is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(6), 996–1006. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.995
Schwartz, B. (2014). The Paradox Of Choice. Why More Is Less. New York: Harper Perennial.
Iyengar, S. (2011). The Art of Choosing. New York: Twelve.
Salecl, R. (2011). The Tyranny of Choice. London: Profile.
Greenfield, K. (2012). The Myth of Choice: Personal Responsibility in a World of Limits. London: Yale University Press.
Ogden, J., Daniells, E. & Barnett, J. (2009). When is choice a good thing? An experimental study of the impact of choice on patient outcomes. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 14(1), 34–47. doi:10.1080/13548500802069006
Mick, D. G., Broniarczyk, S. M. & Haidt, J. (2004). Choose, choose, choose, choose, choose, choose, choo

Abstract: The object of the research is the representation of the phenomenon of "choice" through the optics of modern scientific works in various fields. The subject is a culturological approach to the formation of modern knowledge about choice. Modern researchers, although they do not exclude cultural determinants in the formation of choice, however, relatively little attention is paid to culturally conditioned practices of making a choice regarding the interpretation of individual aspects of choice, principles and laws of rational and irrational choice, problems of consciousness and freedom of choice. The purpose of the work is to reconstruct current interpretations of choice and methods of choice research, as well as to determine the place of culture in the structure of modern knowledge about choice through a theoretical analysis of the corpus of modern scientific works (primarily foreign articles), the subject of which is "choice" in its many manifestations: psychological and socio-cultural aspects of choice, the share and the value of rationality in choice research, the possibility of making a "free choice", the agency of choice, etc. It is shown that the choice as a process and result is based on cultural, social and psychological factors, which are based on knowledge internalized by the subject, externally distributed among a variety of social and material agents. Studies of choice in various disciplines do not completely ignore the potential influence of socio-cultural factors on choice and the process of its formation. It is possible to determine the nature and extent of this impact in a comprehensive and interdisciplinary manner within the framework of cultural research. The study of choice as a set of cultural practices should take place under the auspices of various sciences, whose approaches will allow multidimensional construction of cultural practices taking into account technical, material, epistemological, semiotic and normative dimensions.

Keywords: discourse, cultural schemes, frames, materiality, personal narrative, conscience, rationality, cultural studies, choice, digital choice

References:
Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47 (2), 263–292.
Newell, B. R., Lagnado, D. A. & Shanks, D. R. (2022). Straight Choices: The Psychology of Decision Making. London: Psychology Press.
Vaisey, S. & Valentino, L. (2018). Culture and choice: Toward integrating cultural sociology with the judgment and decision-making sciences. Poetics, 68, 131–143. doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2018.03.002
Schwartz, B. (2005). The Paradox Of Choice. Why More Is Less. Moscow: Dobraya kniga.
Duesenberry, J. (1960). An Economic Analysis of Fertility. In: Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries (pp. 231–240). National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Ilichev, L. F., Fedoseev, P. N., Kovalev, S. M. & Panov, V. G. (Eds.). (1983). Philosophical encyclopedic dictionary. Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia.
Arendt, H. (2013). The life of the mind. Saint Petersburg: Nauka.
Libet, B. (1985). Unconscious cerebral initiative and the role of consciou

Abstract: The object of the study is radical changes in gender relations in France in the first half of the XVII century, increasing the social role of women.The process of turning the knightly estate into a courtier against the background of the strengthening of the royal court leads to the fact that men leave the historically habitual and habitual ideal of knightly valor, entering the space of salons and the court. In this space, they are forced to comprehend the art of secular communication that is new to them and the art of liking the participants of this communication. That art, which, according to contemporaries, was perfectly mastered by women. Through language, education, literature, women take part in the birth and establishment of a public space built around new gender norms, a new practice of fiction.
The recognition of a woman in the moralistic literature of the first half of the XVII century as equal to a man in dignity and nobility makes her an equal participant in secular communication. Women's authority eventually begins to determine the direction of criticism, women act as arbiters of good taste in literature and art. At this time, a modern view of the relationship between the sexes is being formed. All these phenomena are characteristic of European culture as a whole and largely determine the modern European mentality.
The analysis of the historical prerequisites for the increase in social activity and the role of women is extremely important and relevant both for understanding many historical realities, including the formation of the European gender tradition, and for studying the influence of these processes on the formation of new aesthetic ideals. Gallant aesthetics develops with the participation and under the influence of women, since gallant culture is a culture permeated with the idea of love.

Keywords: court society, etiquette, gallantry, french literature, feminism, culture of everyday life, moralistic literature, a gallant man, secular society, the gallant ideal

References:
Ibid. P. 37
Réflexions nouvelles sur les femmes: et Lettres sur la véritable éducation. Amsterdam,1732. P. 5
Saint-Evremond Ch. de Marguetel de Saint-Denis. Saint-Evremoniana, ou Receuil de diverses pièces curieuses: avec des pensées. Paris, 1701. P. 106
ContièreC. M. D. Elemens de la politesse; ou, les secrets de l'art de plaire. Liege, 1702. P. 5-6
La coquette vengée. Paris, 1659
Ortigue de VaumorèreP. de. L’art de plaire dans la conversation. Amsterdam, 1711. P. 333
Pellisson-Fontanier P. Les oeuvres de Monsieur Sarasin. Paris, 1663
Sorel Ch. De la Connaissance des bons livres ou examen de plusieurs autheurs. Paris. 1671. P. 57
Les oeuvres de M. de Voiture. Paris, 1650. P. 340
Visé Jean Donneau de. Les Nouvel Nouvel. Paris, 1663. T. 3. P. 141
Dufour-Maitre M. Les précieuses. Naissance des femmes de lettres en France. Paris, 1999. P. 192
Sorrespondance de Roger de Rabutin, comte de Bussy avec sa faille et ses amis. T. III.

Abstract: The subject of this research is ten Russian science-fiction films released over the period from 2013 to 2020. The goal of this article consists in examination of scenarios of seeing the future presented in the Russian modern cinematography. An overview of approaches towards studying visual images is provided, based on which the author offers a new strategy for studying film images of the future that demarcates three groups of elements in the film – cognitive, visual, and emotional-modal, and four thematic components that correspond to the spheres of social life. As a result of implementation of the aforementioned method, the author determines four underlying themes in cinematographic representation of the future – space, armed conflicts, entertainment industry and drastic changes of human personality. It is established that the visual representation of the future is resembled in the four groups of images – universal images, images of the present, images of the past, and images unfamiliar to the audience that imply something unprecedented that makes the future attractive. It is acknowledged that in most films the future is presented as unfair, wrong, which causes moral discord. It is not the world we would like to live in. Most of the Russian films are dedicated to the local future for approximately 50 years from now. This approach engages the audience in the events, and conveys an pessimistic spirit about tomorrow, which is traced not only in the plot, but also in visual imagery of most films. Holistic mages of the future, functioning in a certain culture, can be determined based on the comparison of various sources, where cinematography is just one of such sources. Therefore, the conclusions on perception of the future by our contemporaries should not be made based on this alone. However, films are a valuable source of information on visualization of the future and transmission of general moods associated with it.

Keywords: contemporary Russian cinema, the future of Russia, methodology of research, visual images, representation of the future, social expectations, image of the future, film fantasy, pessimism, fear of the future

References:
Bourdieu P. The Cult of Unity and Cultivated Differences // Bourdieu P. Photography: A Middle-brow Art. Oxford: Polity Press, 1998. R. 13-31.
Kaboli S.A. & Tapio P. How late-modern nomads imagine tomorrow? A Causal Layered Analysis practice to explore the images of the future of young adults. Futures 2018, (96), 32-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.futures.2017.11.004
Lombardo T. Science Fiction: The Evolutionary Mythology of the Future // Journal of Futures Studies. 2015. 20 (2). R.5-24. DOI:10.6531/JFS.
Mitchell W. J. T. Showing seeing: a critique of visual culture // Journal of Visual Culture. 2002. Vol. 1. № 2. P. 165–181.
Mondzain M.-J. Image, icone, economie: Les sources byzantines de l'imaginaire contemporain. P.: Seuil, 1996. 183 r.
Moxey K. Visual Studies and the Iconic Turn // Journal of Visual Culture. 2008. Vol. 7(2) P. 131-146. DOI: 10.1177/1470412908091934
Polak F. L. The Image of the Future. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1973. 319 r.
Pollock G., Florence P. Looking Back to the Future: Amsterdam:

Abstract: This article is dedicated to systematization and analysis of the key principles of the social practice of collecting. Analyzing the causes of collecting activity alongside motives and prerequisites for collecting, the author explores the social character of interaction between an object and a human. The article touches upon the phenomenon of personification of things and objectification of people. Significant attention is paid to comprehension of the basic principles of collecting – a thing as such, and the time as the main condition of transformation of that think into a collectable item. The article reviews the integrated processes of cultural interaction in the course of creation and utilization of collection. Giving characteristics to communication space, the author determines and scrutinizes the three fields of communication: “subject – exhibit item” (interaction between the owner of collection and its items); “subject – subject” (the entire range of means of communication interaction, which makes a collection public and information rich; and “collection – audience” (interactive events created for the formation of cross-cultural communication).

Keywords: social status, antiques, culture, collection, museum, self-realization, gathering, collecting, hobby, self-presentation

References:
Bodriyyar Zh. Sistema veshchey. M: izd-vo «RUDOMINO» , 2001. — S. 95.
Gruzdov E. Obshchie printsipy kollektsionirovaniya. Novosibirsk, 1999. URL: http://beercap.narod.ru/info/theory.htm
Eremina I.Yu., Efimochkina N.B. Informatsionno-kommunikatsionnye tekhnologii kak mekhanizm sotsiokul'turnykh protsessov sovremennogo obshchestvennogo razvitiya/Problemy ekonomiki i upravleniya neftegazovym kompleksom. M., 2020. № 4 (184). S. 68-73.
Knorr-Tsetina K. Sotsial'nost' i ob'ekty. Sotsial'nye otnosheniya v postsotsial'nykh obshchestvakh znaniya. // Sotsiologiya veshchey. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Territoriya budushchego», 2006. — S. 270.
Latur B. Kogda veshchi dayut otpor: vozmozhnyy vklad «issledovaniy nauki» v obshchestvennye nauki // Sotsiologiya veshchey: Sb. st. / Pod red. V.Vakhshtayna. M., 2006. — S.142.
Malinkin A.N. Kollektsioner. Opyt issledovaniya po sotsiologii kul'tury / Gos. un-t. Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki. M., 2011. — S. 16.
Mamedov A.K. Informatsionnoe obshchestvo: novaya ontologiya sotsial'nogo. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 18. Sotsiologiya i politol

Abstract: This article raises a question on the existence of representations on social nature as an ultimate ontology of social sciences. The complications that do not allow acknowledging such existence are being formulated. The author points at the modern alternative interpretations of ultimate ontology of social sciences – the representations on culture, self-developing systems with synergetic effects, sociality, interculture, etc. It is claimed that the concept of nature was introduced for determining the conditions for an effective practical action in scientific research. In order to clarify the perceptions of ultimate ontology of social science, the article discusses the peculiarities of social science and theory, as well as demarcation of the ideal objects, schemes, and models. As a result, the author was able to demonstrate that the traditional definition of social nature has virtually become obsolete, and is not efficient with regards to social sciences. It is offered to replace it with the categorical representations, which may be considered as the ultimate ontology of social sciences. However, it requires the new designation and characterization of the structure and essence of social sciences.

Keywords: ideal objects, schemes, engineering, practice, theory, science, ontology, sociality, concepts, knowledge

References:
Lakatos I. Dokazatel'stva i oproverzheniya. Kak dokazyvayutsya teoremy. ‒ M.: Nauka, 1967. ‒ 152 s.
Orlova E.A. Dinamika kul'tury i tselepolagayushchaya aktivnost' cheloveka. // Morfologiya kul'tury. Struktura i dinamika. ‒ M., 1994. ‒ 347 s.
Polterovich V.M. Krizis ekonomicheskoy teorii: doklad na nauchnom seminare Otdeleniya ekonomiki i TsEMI RAN «Neizvestnaya ekonomika». yanvar' 1997. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: http:// www.r-reforms.ru/vmp2.htm (data obrashcheniya: 09.08.2016).
Rozin V.M. Priroda. Ponyatie i etapy razvitiya v evropeyskoy kul'ture. – M.: LENAND, 2017. – 240 s.
Rozin V.M. Priroda sotsial'nosti: Problemy metodologi i ontologii sotsial'nykh nauk. ‒ M.: LENAND, 2016. ‒ 288 s.
Rozin V.M. Stanovlenie i razvitie evropeyskoy sotsial'nosti: Etyudy-issledovaniya. Kn. 1: Drevniy mir i Srednie veka. ‒ M.: LENAND, 2019. ‒ 182 s.
Rozin V.M. Vvedenie v skhemologiyu. Skhemy v filosofii, kul'ture, nauke, proektirovanii. ‒ M.: LIBROKOM, URSS, 2011, 2017. ‒ 256

Abstract: The subject of this research is the Russian culture of the XVIIIth century, development of the basic cultural values, the Russian language as the mirror of sociocultural transformations, definitions of the terms 'fatherland', 'motherland', 'native land' as the basis for the development of cultural identity and national self-identification. Extension of the knowledge about the basic constants of the Russian culture does not only improve the understanding of historical and cultural patternns of the society development but might be also useful for planning the state policy in the sphere of cultural heritage preservation under the globalization conditions. In her research Smirnova has applied the method of historical systems analysis of particular cases of the use of 'fatherland', 'motherland', and 'native land' in different texts. The main conclusion of the analysis of how the aforesaid concepts originated under the conditions of changing mental models of the Russian society, the author points out the importance of the latter on the development of self-identification of the Russians at a particular historical stage. The article also presents new information about transformations of the basic cultural constants. 
 

Keywords: fatherland, patriotism, cultural identity, the Russian Language, national consciousness, XVIII century, Russian culture, motherland, the country, place of birth

References:
Vinogradov V. V. Istoriya slov. M.: Institut russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova RAN, 1999, s. 99.
Glinka F. N. Izbrannye proizvedeniya. L: Sovetskiy pisatel', 1957.
Grech N. I. Zapiski o moey zhizni. M. – L.:1930, s. 151.
Dal' V. I. Tolkovyy slovar' zhivogo velikogo russkogo yazyka. Sovremennoe napisanie: V 4 t. M.: AST, 2001, t. 2, s. 1188.
Danilevskiy I. N. Russkie zemli glazami sovremennikov i potomkov (KhII-KhIV vv.). M.: Aspekt press, 2000, s. 203.
Lomonosov M. V. Sochineniya. M. – L.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1961, s. 247.
Russkie memuary. Izbrannye stranitsy. XVIII vek. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Pravda», 1988, s. 466.
Slovar' Akademii rossiyskoy: V 6 t. SPb.: Pri Imperatorskoy Akademii Nauk, 1789-1794, t. 4, s. 665-666, t 2, s. 279.
Snegirev I. Slovar' russkikh poslovits i pogovorok. Russkie v svoikh poslovitsakh. N. Novgorod: «Russkiy kupets» i «Brat'ya slavyane» iz Nizhnego Novgoroda, 1996.
Strakhov N. I. Rassmatrivanie zhizni i nravov XVIII v. SPb., 1811, s. 12.
Ushakov D. N. Tolkovyy slova

Abstract: The subject of the research is the peculiarities and patterns of consumer behavior of the State Tretyakov Gallery audience, available cultural activities, and the author's attempt to define and measure their determinants. The growing interest towards audience preferences on the cultural activities market creates the need for cultural institutions to analyze the audience needs and modify the functional and format of the main activity in accordance with contemporary trends and demands. Museum specialists have come to understanding that without taking into account the needs of the audience, it is impossible to overcome the communication barriers between museum and audience. Sometimes museum specialists try to classify and manage their audience the same way as they classify and manage their exhibit items. On the other hand, they continue their traditional attempts to analyze the audience based on personal traits that are attributable to their visitors a priori. Today this is perceived as a rather limited approach that hinders from the actual understanding of true patterns of consumer behavior. Based on the author of the article, application of methods of mathematical statistics and econometrics to analyze sociological data expands opportunities for the sociology of art and signifies a shift to a fundamentally new level of research validity. In his article Ushkarev presents several new theoretical results of a grand-scale survey that involved the audience of the State Tretyakov Gallery. As part of his research, Ushkarev studies the museum audience based on conceptual features that go far beyond the borders of traditional socio-demographic descriptions but not only on objective parameters that are traditionally described by art sociologists. The interdisciplinary approach used by Ushkarev in his research has allowed to define cultural activities of the art museum audience and the impact of subjective and unmeasurable dimensions of the audience such as motivation and cultural capital. 

Keywords: types of museum audience, determinants of cultural consumption, sociology of art, econometric analysis, attendance, motivation, cultural capital,, consumer behavior, cultural activity, museum audience

References:
Piotrovskiy M. Chto takoe uspeshnyy muzey // Ekspertnye kommentarii profes-sionalov muzeynogo i vystavochnogo dela / Assotsiatsiya menedzherov kul'tury. [Elek-tronnyy resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://www.amcult.ru/index.php/ru/knowledge/articles/292-bestmuseums.html (data obrashcheniya 05.06.2017).
Ateca-Amestoy, V. Determining heterogeneous behavior for theatre attendance // Jour-nal of Cultural Economics, 2008. No 32, pp. 127–151.
Brida, J.G., Dalle-Nogare, C., Scuderi, R. How Often to a Museum? Motivations mat-ter // Bozen Economics & Management Paper Series, 2014, No 16. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Re-zhim dostupa: http://pro1.unibz.it/projects/economics/repec/bemps16.pdf, svobodnyy. Zagl. s ekrana. Yazyk angliyskiy (data obrashcheniya 20.02.2017).
Jones, Ceri. Enhancing our Understanding of Museum Audiences: Visitor Studies in The Twenty-first Century // Museum & Society, November 2015. 13 (4) 539-544 © 2015, ISSN 1479-8360.
Ushkarev A.A. Auditoriya posetiteley Gosudarstvennoy Tret'yakovskoy galerei. Programma sotsiologi

Abstract: The analysis of the development of ancient greek sociality is made in the form of the 'road map', i.e. the author focuses on the methodological side of the research. The author of the article describes four stages of the research and moves: reconstruction of the trigger, analysis of the development of independence and social practices that ensured it, reconstruction of the institutionalization of sociality, analysis of the influence of social theories of Plato and Aristotle on practice. The central issue the author focuses on is the explanation of how the phenomenon of sociality arose. The author demonstrates that a 'new assembly of the social group' that happened under the influence of ancient greek personality and associated politia implied solutions of a number of problems and determination of common grounds that underlined particular opinions and concepts. Plato and Aristotle created schemes that allowed to solve the aforesaid problems and find those grounds. As a result, ancient greek sociality developed. In his research Rozin has used the following research methods and methodologies: problem statement, schematization, construction of terms and concepts, and analysis of empirical material. As a result of the research, the author outlines stages of ancient greek research and analysis of polis sociality, i.e. before Alexander III of Macedon created the Empire and Rome was built. The results of the research also allow to explain how ancient greek sociality developed as a result of philosophical reflection and creation of schemes and solutions of common affairs in polises. 

Keywords: becoming, thinking, theories, communication, personality, practice, politia, sociality, gods, equality

References:
Aristotel' Politika. Sobr. soch. v 4-kh t. T.4. Per. s drevnegrech.; Obshch. red. A. I. Dovatura. — M.: Mysl', 1983. 830 s.
Akhutin A. V. Otkrytie soznaniya // Chelovek i kul'tura. M., 1990. 241 s.
Klochkov I. Dukhovnaya kul'tura Vavilonii: chelovek, sud'ba, vremya. M. Nauka, Glavnaya redaktsiya vostochnoy literatury, 1983. 207 s.
Platon. Apologiya Sokrata. Sob. Soch. v 4 t. T.1. M.: Mysl', 1993. S. 70-96.
Platon. Gosudarstvo. Sob. Soch. v 4 t. T.3. M.: Mysl', 1993. S. 292-311.
Platon. Sed'moe pis'mo // Platon. Traktaty, rechi, pis'ma. M., 1994. S. 475-504.
Platon. Parmenid. Soch. v 4 t. T.2. M., 1993. S. 346-413.
Platon. Fedon. Sobr. soch. v 4 t. T. 2. M.: Mysl', 1993. S. 7-81.
Platon. Pir. Sob. Soch. v 4 t. T.2. M.: Mysl', 1993. S. 81-135.
Platon. Timey // Sobranie soch. v 4-kh t. T. 3. M., 1994. S. 654.
Platon. Zakony. Sob. Soch. v 4 t. T.4. M.: Mysl', 1994. S. 71-438.
Podstrochnik iz http://ancientrome.ru/antlitr/parmenid/parmen.htm v izdanii: «Ellinskie poety VIII—III vv. do n.e.», M., 1999. (data o

Abstract: In his article Rozin analyzes sociality of the middle ages. The author bases his article on the in-depth research of S. Neretina who focused on the personal nature of medieval relations, the role of cities, development of the third social class, complex relations between the king and the main social classes of France. The author offers an analysis of four medieval social groups (Christians, 'suzerain - vassal' communities, royalty and townsmen such as craftsmen and merchants) as well as relations (Christian faith, politics, law and order) that united them as one big group. Further, the author analyzes the process of decomposition of those medieval social groups and development of a larger social group, monarchy and nation state. In this research Rozin has used the following methods and methodologies: problem statement, situation analysis, historic reenactment, and construction of an ideal type of medieval sociality. As a result of the research, the author demonstrates that to some degree, the middle ages repeated the history of the ancient greek times: polity-and election-based sociality was replaced with sociality that imitated both. As a consequence, institutions and bureaucracy developed and subdued society and personality. The author makes an assumption that the same pattern occured in the history later, too, and there have been no other ways to change the course of events. 

Keywords: power, territory, wars, iofficials, institutions, burghers, king, sociality, middle ages, Christianity

References:
Berman G.Dzh. Zapadnaya traditsiya prava: epokha formirovaniya. ‒ M.: Izd. MGU: izd. guppa Infra-M, 2-e izdanie. 1998. ‒ 624 s.
Lefevr V.A. Konfliktuyushchie struktury. Izdanie vtoroe, pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe. — M.: Izd-vo «Sovetskoe radio», 1973. — 158 s.
Petrushevskiy D.M. Ocherki iz istorii srednevekovogo obshchestva i gosudarstva. M.: Gosudarstvennoe Izdatel'stvo, 1922. — 300 s.
Rozin V.M. Novaya kontseptsiya istorii. Istoriya kak obraz zhizni lichnosti, sotsial'nyy diskurs i nauka. ‒ M.: LENAND, 2018. ‒ 208 s.
Rozin V.M. Sotsial'nye osobennosti kul'tury Drevnego mira (k razlicheniyu ponyatiy «protosotsial'nost'» i «sotsial'nost'»). V pechati.
Rozin V.M. Predostavlenie svobody cheloveku kak uslovie stanovleniya antichnoy demokratii i lichnosti // Kul'tura i iskusstvo. — 2018.-№ 1.-S.7-15.
Rozin V.M. Dorozhnaya karta rekonstruktsii stanovleniya antichnoy kul'tury i sotsial'nosti (period polisov, do obrazovaniya imperiy) // Kul'tura i iskusstvo. ‒ 2018. N 3. ‒ S.
Rozin V.M. Stanovleni

Abstract: In his article Rozin describes the process of formation of ancient sociality attributable to the dictatorship of Sulla and reign of Augustus. It is still a difficulty for historians to refer social reality of that time to republican or imperial form of government. Rozin describes particular features of sociality of the Roman Republic which he calls 'polis-like', and sociality of developing Roman Empire which he respectively calls 'imperial'. He demonstrates that ancient culture of the beginning of the first century was a symbiosis of two forms of sociality. Polis sociality meant rather small communities, free citizens with equal rights, decision making about a life in a polis, discussion of general rules the majority of citizens would agree with, and development of knowledge about social reality as the axiological and ontological ground for making decisions through communication and debates. Imperial sociality had such typical features as social institutions and transfer of the main duties of citizens (discussion of personal and social issues, debates, decision making and decision execution, etc.) to the emperor and his representatives. In his research Rozin implements the following methodology: problem definition, situational analysis, comparative analysis, cultural and historical reconstruction, composition of definitions. As a result of analysis of the Roman history and culture as well as ancient law, the author has described the main features of ancient sociality and demonstrated that the reign of Augustus was characterized by the formation of social institutions and symbiosis of polis sociality and imperial sociality with all that it entails. 
 
 
policy, empire, principle, sociality, personality, communication, dictator, law, justice, reconstruction

Keywords: dictator, communication, personality, sociality, principle, empire, policy, law, justice, reconstruction

References:
Anners E. Istoriya evropeyskogo prava. M., 1994. 397 s.
Zamaldinov Sh.Sh. k voprosu o klassicheskikh traditsiyakh chastnopravovogo regulirovaniya imushchestvennykh otnosheniy // Pravovye problemy regulirovaniya ekonomicheskikh otnosheniy: Materialy Mezhdunarodnogo nauch. kongressa «Problema kachestva ekonomicheskogo rosta», 27-28 maya 2004. Ch. 4. Samara, 2004. S. 107.
Lotman Yu.M. Besedy o russkoy kul'ture. Byt i traditsii russkogo dvoryanstva (KhVIII-nachalo KhIKh veka). Sankt-Peterburg, 1997. 608 s.
Marinovich L.P. Antichnaya i sovremennaya demokratiya: novye podkhody k sopostavleniyu : uchebnoe posobie / L. P. Marinovich. — M.: KDU, 2007. 212 s. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/mater%20sots/L.P.%20Marinovich.%20Antichnaya%20i%20sovremennaya%20demokratiya%20_%20Afinskaya%20demokratiya%20pered%20sudom%20istorii.html
Nikonova E. G. Genezis monarkhii v Drevnem Rime (Razvitie rimskogo gosudarstvennogo prava ot Sully do Vespasiana) : Dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.01 : Ekaterinburg, 2000. ‒ 256 c. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/mater%20sots/P

Abstract: The subject of the research is Russia's experience in studying the audience of art museums as well as development of the sociological research methodology that can be applied to analyse the audience of art museums. The object of the research is the research articles devoted to sociological surveys of the art museum audience in Russia starting from the 20s of the XXth century. The author focuses on the modern state of the relationship between art museums and audience. This allows to trace back the evolution of how museums have understood their audience as well as define particular research methods, identify the problem situation and outline the priority tasks in the sociological study of the art museum audience. The author applies the dialectical approach to studying the experience of social resaerch of the art audience. The research also involves materials that have had the greatest influence on the evolution of the concept of the art museum audience and their research methodology. The main result of the study is the reconstruction of the real picture and the degree of study as the characteristics of the audience of art museums, and the basic patterns of consumer behavior in relation to art. A large number of publications on the results of concrete sociological studies of the audience of museums, held by generations of scientists and museum enthusiasts with different goals and at different scientific and methodological levels, sometimes creates the illusory impression that most problems in this area have already been resolved. However, insufficient understanding of some important patterns of consumer behavior preserves the general problematic situation, which manifests itself in the existence of communication barriers between museums and the audience.

Keywords: consumer behavior, audience segmentation, art, methodology, history of studies, audience of museum visitors, attendance, audience research, visitor studies, econometrics in social studies

References:
Khudozhestvennaya kul'tura i razvitie lichnosti. Problemy dolgosrochnogo planirovaniya. / Otv. red. Yu.U. Fokht-Babushkin. M. 1987. 222 s.
Ekonomicheskie osnovy kul'turnoy deyatel'nosti. Individual'nye predpochteniya i obshchestvennyy interes. V 3-kh tomakh. Pod red. A. Rubinshteyna i Yu. Fokht-Babushkina. T. 1. Rynok kul'turnykh uslug. Publika teatra 90-kh godov. SPb.: Aleteyya. 2000. 634 s.
Khudozhestvennaya zhizn' sovremennogo obshchestva. V 3-kh tomakh. Otv. red. A. Rubinshteyn. T.3. Iskusstvo v kontekste sotsial'noy ekonomii. SPb.: Dmitriy Bulanin. 1998. 353 s.
Ushkarev A.A. Iskusstvo v strukture dosuga moskvichey // Observatoriya kul'tury. 2016. T. 13, № 6. S. 670—675.
Fokht-Babushkin Yu.U. Publika khudozhestvennykh muzeev i vystavok v Rossii. Sotsiologicheskie svidetel'stva 1920 – 1930-kh godov. M.: GII. 2014. 226 c.
Rusakova R.I. Zachem vy prishli v muzey? // Muzeynoe delo v SSSR. M. 1971. S. 106-112.
Zhiznennyy mir polikul'turnogo Peterburga. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii / GE, RGPU im. Gertsena, RGNF. SPb:

Abstract: The subject of the study is the evolution of the museum's understanding of its audience and its key parameters, the development of scientific approaches and the methodology of sociological research of museum audience, conditioned by this process. The object of the study is the experience and methodology of studying the audience of museum visitors abroad - in Europe and the US, tracked by the publication of the results of sociological research. The main attention is paid to the current state of scientific knowledge of the relationship between art museums and the public, as well as a methodology that is adequate to modern tasks. The dialectical approach is used to study the experience of the audience of art. The study also involves materials from researches that have had the greatest impact on the evolution of the understanding of the audience of art museums and the methodology for their study. The author presents a wide range of interests, trends and scientific approaches that characterize the current state of museum sociology in the West and have, in the final analysis, the main goal to overcome communication barriers, attract the audience and increase attendance. An increasingly common tendency has been found for the steady drift of museums in the channel of society serving, understanding that museums should always remain a space for cultural growth, continuous education, and also a tool for maintaining positive health and well-being.

Keywords: audience segmentation, art, methodology, history of studies, audience of museum visitors, audience research, visitor studies, consumer behavior, attendance, econometrics in social studies

References:
Bitgood, S. 2013, Attention and Value: The Keys to Understanding Museum Visitors, Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, California, paperback, 213pp.
Black, G. (2005) The Engaging Museum: Developing museums for visitor involvement, London and New York: Routledge.
Brida J. G., Meleddu M. and Pulina M, 2012, Factors influencing the intention to revisit a cultural attraction: The case study of the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Rovereto. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 13(2): 167–174.
Brida, J.G., Disegna, M. and Scuderi R., 2013, The Behaviour of repeat Visitors to Museums; review and Empirical Findings, Quality and Quantity, Oct.
Brida, J.G., Dalle-Nogare, C., Scuderi R., 2014, How Often to a Museum? Motivations matter // Bozen Economics & Management Paper Series, No 16/2014. [El. resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://pro1.unibz.it/projects/economics/repec/bemps16.pdf. (Data obrashcheniya 20.02.2017).
Chatterjee, H. and Noble, G., 2013, Museums, Health and Wellbeing, Ashgate, Farnham and Burlington, VT,

Abstract: The subject of this research is a regional festival «Day of the Tiger» dedicated to the Amur tiger. The article focuses on the history and the process of the festival. Particular attention is paid to concerns related to the distinct features of the elements, peculiarities in the process and achievements of the festival. Based on the research results it is necessary to note that this festival combines both a traditional Soviet format and modern environmental content. As the part of culture, Day of the Tiger also performs the function of developing social identity as well as recreation and educational functions. The main goal of the festival is to develop a caring attitude to the Amur tiger as the endangered species and responsible attitude to the nature of the Far East. This goal is not only of regional importance, it is gaining the status of government importance, too. The author of the article has used the historical genetic, structural functional, comparative and typological research methods. The historical genetic method has allowed to understand how the festival was originated. The structural functional analysis has allowed to describe elements of the researched object based on typical attributes. The comparative method is used to analyze the mechanisms of Soviet and modern festival (comparison of similiarities and differences). The typologisation method allows to classify visual art depicting tigers. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author tries to define particularities of the modern holiday Day of the Tiger as a sociocultural object as well as to analyze elements of this festival in their relation to the Russian culture. The main conclusions are the following: the format of this festival was taken from the roots of the Soviet culture, but there is no ideological or political connotation; it performs the recreational, educational functions and the function, which forms social identity; a number of events within the holiday allow to consolidate and develop the image of a tiger as a cultural object; its main goal that is to form a positive attitude towards the endangered Amur tiger spreads over the country.

Keywords: Soviet festive culture, Carnival, ecological festival, format of the Day of the Tiger, cultural object, Amur tiger, origin of the Day of the Tiger, Day of the Tiger, Tiger story, International Tiger Day

References:
Shapovalov S.N. Sovetskie revolyutsionnye prazdniki v 1918-1920 // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya. 2012. № 1. S. 288-294.
Shumikhina L.A., Popova V.N. Estetika paradov i demonstratsiy kak prazdnichnykh ritualov sovetskoy kul'tury // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya. 2012. № 5. S. 203-208.
Primorskie uchenye otmetili Den' tigra v Khun'chune // Komsomol'skaya pravda. URL: http://www.dv.kp.ru/online/news/571068/
Polosatyy reys // Tsentr «Amurskiy tigr». URL: http://amur-tiger.ru/ru/projects/tiger_plane/
«Polosatyy ekspress», posvyashchennyy Dnyu amurskogo tigra, pustili v stolichnom metro // Informatsionnoe agentstvo Rossii TASS. URL: http://tass.ru/obschestvo/2294445
Primoriada-2017 startovala // Argumenty nedeli. Primor'e. URL: http://argumenti.ru/society/n577/522906
Matveeva K. Tigr – glavnoe dostoyanie Primor'ya // Vladivostok, 2012. 28 sent. S. 1-5.
Olesik E. 29 iyulya – mezhdunarodnyy den' tigra // Moskva Tsentr. URL: http://caoinform.ru/data-dnya-29-iyulya-mezhdunarodnyiy-den-tigra/
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