Reference:
Popova S.M., Yanik A.A., Karpova S.F..
Transformation of Russia's Migration Policy: stages, features, problems (1989-2023)
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2023. – № 4.
– P. 24-51.
Read the article
Abstract: The article presents the results of the analysis of the fundamental documents of the migration policy of the Russian Federation of the last 30 years, the purpose of which was to identify changes in the fundamental approaches of the authorities in relation to migration and the corresponding legal and institutional changes.
An array of normative legal acts of the Russian Federation from 1989 to 2023 (about 100 documents), concepts of migration policy, materials of speeches by the Head of State, meetings of various interdepartmental commissions and high-level profile working groups were used as sources. The study used comparative legal analysis; content analysis; synchronous analysis; general logical approaches and methods. The obtained results allowed us to identify seven stages of the evolution of the Russian migration policy. The boundaries in which the "fluctuation of the course" of migration policy occurs are determined. It is shown that the priorities that the migration policy should correspond to are equally significant, but competing, which leads to inconsistency of the measures taken. It is noted that in recent years, migration policy has been increasingly using adaptive management technologies, which contains risks for long-term goal-setting. The definition of the concept "limits of policy variability" is given. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a long-term Strategy of the state migration policy, which will take into account the systemic nature of the phenomenon of migration and the multilevel effects that arise as a result of the impact on the migration situation.
Keywords: Migrant, Labor migration, Labor market, Demographic crisis, Net migration rate, Migration flow, Migration policy, Digitalization, Adaptive management, Russia
References:
Russia is among the top five in terms of both the number of migrants and the number of citizens of the country living abroad (2021). UN News, January 15. Retrieved from https://news.un.org/ru/story/2021/01/1394392
Meeting of the Security Council of the Russian Federation on October 19, 2022 (2022). Retrieved from http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69636
OECD International Migration Outlook 2019 (2019). Paris: OECD Publishing.
Komarovsky, V.V. (2019). The concept of migration policy and labor migration: what can or should be done? Social Sciences and modernity, 5, 132–141.
Demintseva, E.B., Mkrtchyan, N.V., Florinskaya, & Yu.F. (2018). Миграционная политика: диагностика, вызовы, предложения [Migration policy: diagnostics, challenges, proposals]. Moscow: Center for Strategic Research.
The number of citizens who used the services of the unified portal of Public Services in 2020 amounted to 56 million people (2021). Ministry of Digital D
Reference:
Petrovskaya M.I..
The scope of public administration in the sphere of forced migration in Russia: administrative-legal aspect
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2021. – № 6.
– P. 32-43.
Read the article
Abstract: This article is dedicated to substantiation of the specificity of public administration in the sphere of forced migration; reveals the specifics of this type of migration and peculiarities of its administrative-legal regulation. The goal lies in obtaining the theoretical conclusions and developing practical recommendations for the improvement of the system of governance of forced migration in Russia. The object of this research is public administration in the sphere of forced migration. The subject is a set of norms of administrative law of the Russian Federation that establish general provisions of the governance of forced migration, as well as determine the actors, institutions and mechanisms used in the process of ensuring the functionality of the system of acceptance of forced migrants. Within the framework of this research, the author outlines the methods for solve the identified problems in the sphere of governance of forced migration in Russia. Analysis is also conducted on recent changes in legislation that have not previously become the subject of a separate research. The ongoing developments in the sphere of forced migration are examined for the first time since delegation of powers in this sphere to the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Keywords: Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, migrant, administrative law, Russian Federation, administrative regulation, public administration, refugees, migration, forced migration, shelter
References:
Volokh V.A. Formirovanie i realizatsiya gosudarstvennoy politiki v oblasti vynuzhdennoy migratsii avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata politicheskikh nauk / Gosudarstvennyy universitet upravleniya. Moskva, 2007
Yastrebova A.Yu. Sovremennye podkhody k mezhdunarodno-pravovomu regulirovaniyu problem vynuzhdennoy migratsii i rossiyskiy opyt // Vestnik Moskovskogo gorodskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Yuridicheskie nauki. 2011.№ 1. S. 51-59.
Shkolyarenko E.A. Vidy bezhentsev po rossiyskomu zakonodatel'stvu // V sbornike: Pravovye problemy ukrepleniya rossiyskoy gosudarstvennosti Sbornik statey. Pod redaktsiey M. M. Zhuravleva, A. M. Barnashova, V. M. Zueva. Tomsk, 2011. S. 117-119.
Foret I.V. Evolyutsiya normativno-pravovogo regulirovaniya statusa bezhentsa v ES // Panorama. 2017. T. 27. S. 50-56.
Khil'ko A.S., Koneva Yu.O., Savchenko E.S. vynuzhdennaya migratsiya i bezhentsy v sovremennoy Rossii (na primere bezhentsev Ukrainy) // Innovatsionnaya nauka. 2016. № 2-5 (14). S. 167-169.
Tsorieva E.S. Kriminolog
Reference:
Kurakin A.V., Kostennikov M.V., Saidov Z.A..
The questions of administrative-legal regulation of migration
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2020. – № 2.
– P. 39-52.
Read the article
Abstract: This article explores the issues of legal regulation of migration processes, with attention paid to the fact that this issue carries a global character, since migration determines social and economic development of the country. Its various segments are highlighted which are logically interconnected and form a uniform migration process. The social and economic significance of migration and importance of legal regulation of such relations is proved. The article substantiates the thesis that the efficiency of legal regulation of migration relations is predefined by the quality of management in this sphere. The need is justified for a more flexible order of regulation of migration relations, and proposals are made on development of internal migration process. Attention is turned to the practical functionality of the principles of administrative-legal regulation of migration relations. The authors underline the causes preventing the intensification of the internal migration process, as well as substantiate the importance of the principles that constitute the the system of legal influence; thereupon, the work defines the system of principles of migration regulation.
Keywords: flow, process, movement, market, security, state, politics, migrant, migration, deportaciy
References:
Prudnikova T.A. Administrativno-pravovoe regulirovanie migratsionnykh protsessov (sovremennost' i perspektivy): Avtoref. dis. … d-ra yurid. nauk. – M., – 2016. – S. 33.
Sazonova O.A. Administrativno-pravovoe regulirovanie v sfere migratsii: problemy i perspektivy sovershenstvovaniya: Avtoref dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. – Voronezh, 2019. – S. 9.
Balashova T.N. Konstitutsionno-pravovoe regulirovanie migratsii v sovremennoy Rossii: problemy teorii i praktiki: Avtoref. dis. … d-ra yurid. nauk. – Saratov, – 2011. – S. 37.
Sandugey A.N. Gosudarstvennoe administrirovanie v sfere migratsii (problemy teorii i pravovogo regulirovaniya). – M., 2018. – S. 88.
Nikiforova E.A., Tsindeliani I.A. Migratsionnoe pravo Rossii / Pod red. I.A. Tsindeliani. – M., 2018. – S. 387.
Khabrieva T.Ya. Migratsionnoe pravo kak strukturnoe obrazovanie rossiyskogo prava // Zhurnal rossiyskogo prava. – 2007. – № 11. – S. 5.
Korenev A.P. Administrativnoe pravo Rossii. Ch. I. – M., 2000. – S. 16.
Zazhitskiy V.I. Pravovye printsipy v za
Reference:
Kulikova K.A..
Modernization of the mechanism of administrative regulation of labour migration in the Russian Federation: the positive experience of the People’s Republic of China
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2017. – № 8.
– P. 26-39.
Read the article
Abstract: The article considers the issues of public management of such a large scale migration process as external labour migration complicated by a foreign element. The author analyzes the positive experience of the People’s Republic of China, which makes progress in attracting and using highly skilled foreign specialists in its economy.
The research subject is the effectiveness, peculiarities and means of managerial activity of the Chinese executives, and the provisions of statutory acts regulating the process of labour migration of foreign nationals in China. The author uses the set of general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, analogy and generalization of scientific data), and specific methods (comparative jurisprudence, the formal-legal method and functional analysis). The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that the author is the first to attempt to study the positive experience of the People’s Republic of China in the regulation of labour migration.
It is believed reasonable to develop and introduce a unified work permit in Russia for foreign citizens using China’s experience. It would significantly simplify the work of executive authorities, reduce document flow and eliminate redundant bureaucratic hurdles and corruption risks.
Keywords: foreign experts, labour migration, migration processes, executive authorities, State Council, China, public management, work permit, merit point system of selection, foreign experience
References:
O pravovom polozhenii inostrannykh grazhdan v RF: feder. zakon ot 25.07.2002 №115-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF ot 29.07.2002. № 30. S. 3032.
Anokhina E.S. Novaya kitayskaya migratsiya i politika KNR po ee regulirovaniyu // Monografiya. Tomsk: Tomskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, – 2012. – S. 248.
Itogovyy doklad o migratsionnoy situatsii, rezul'tatakh i osnovnykh napravleniyakh deyatel'nosti FMS Rossii za 2015 g. Moskva, 2016.
Mantsurov A.Yu. Obshchaya kharakteristika zakonodatel'stva Kitayskoy Narodnoy Respubliki v oblasti migratsii i voprosy natsional'noy bezopasnosti. // Nauka vchera, segodnya, zavtra: sb. st. po mater. XXXIV mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. № 5(27). Chast' II. – Novosibirsk: SibAK, – 2016. – S. 124-130.
Suyunchalieva O.T. Bal'nye sistemy otbora kvalifitsirovannykh migrantov kak pravovoy instrument migratsionnoy politiki. // Trudy Akademii upravleniya MVD Rossii, – 2012. №2 (22). – S. 123-125.
V Kitae deystvuyut spetsial'nye politicheskie ustanovki dlya privlecheniya inostrannykh spetsialistov: [Elektronnyy resurs]
Reference:
Gorian E..
Adaptation of migrant domestic workers as a means of guaranteeing national security: international tendencies and the experience of Canada
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2017. – № 6.
– P. 50-64.
Read the article
Abstract: The research subject is international tendencies and national mechanisms of guaranteeing the rights of migrant domestic workers in the context of their adaptation to new social relations for national security protection. Migrant domestic workers are the most vulnerable category of labor migrants, which is explained both by their gender and by the peculiarities of their work. Multiple exploitation (by employers, families and the state of origin), isolation determined by the specificity of work (especially connected with home care), complicated family relations – these factors have negative impact on psychological and physical condition of migrant domestic workers, increasing the risk of negative influence of asocial persons, formation or aggravation of mental diseases. To acquire the most reliable scientific results, the author uses the set of general scientific methods (system-structural, formal-logical, hermeneutical approaches) and specific methods of legal cognition (comparative-legal and formal-legal methods). Taking into account the specificity of the research subject, the author applies the interdisciplinary approach based on sociological data. The impossibility to realize public supervision in the sphere of migration and protection of labor, low level of legal culture and religion-based legal consciousness of most migrant domestic workers are the factors of their involvement in extremist (terrorist) activities. Therefore, it is critically important to implement the state policy aimed at adaptation and involvement of migrant domestic workers in social relation using the activities of social organizations, cultural and national centers, labor unions, etc. It is necessary to as soon as possible ratify the Convention No 189, containing minimum labor standards for migrant domestic workers, and, taking into account the experience of Canada, successfully realizing the Live-in Caregiver Program, to develop a state program of adaptation of migrants with regard to the peculiarities of work of migrant domestic workers.
Keywords: Canada, migration, exploitation, international labour standards, migrant domestic worker, human rights, national security, labor contract, extremism, terrorism
References:
Behind Closed Doors: Protecting and Promoting the Human Rights of Migrant Domestic Workers in an Irregular Situation // International Labour Organisation: ofitsial'nyy sayt [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ilo.org/global/topics/labour-migration/projects/gap/publications/WCMS_446720/lang--en/index.htm (data obrashcheniya – 03.07.2017)
International standards related to domestic workers and women migrant workers // International Labour Organisation: ofitsial'nyy sayt [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_414569.pdf (data obrashcheniya – 03.07.2017)
Torriente A. Migrant Domestic Workers, Health and HIV / A. Torriente // Global Action Programme on Migrant Domestic Workers and Their Families: Research Series (2016) // International Labour Organisation: ofitsial'nyy sayt [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---migrant/documents/briefingnote/wcms_503
Reference:
Gorian E..
Labor inspection in the legal mechanism of enforcement of rights of migrant workers in the context of the struggle against HIV/AIDS
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2017. – № 4.
– P. 77-90.
Read the article
Abstract: The article studies social relations emerging in the process of enforcement of rights of migrant workers in the context of the struggle against HIV/AIDS. The author outlines the peculiarities of the legal mechanism of enforcement of their rights: active involvement of employers and their organization, social organizations and labor unions. The author studies international recommendations and tendencies of participation of labor inspectors, and the aspects of their interaction with employers and labor unions in the mechanism of enforcement of rights of migrant workers in the struggle against HIV/AIDS. The author emphasizes the coordinating role of labor inspections in enforcement of rights of migrant workers by employers and labor unions. To acquire the most reliable scientific results, the author uses the set of general scientific methods (system-structural, formal-logical and hermeneutical) and specific research methods (comparative-legal and formal-legal). These methods are used in complex. Labor inspectors play a special role in enforcement of rights of migrant workers in the struggle against HIV/AIDS. Their influence and force of conviction promote the development and introduction of special programs in companies; they are authorized to organize inspections and to oblige employers to observe international standards of the struggle against HIV/AIDS. At the present moment, the role of labor inspectors has transformed from the merely controlling to coordinating. They can play a significant role in enforcement of rights of workers involved in informal economy. The activities of labor inspectors lead to the implementation of the tripartism principle, typical for the regulation of labor by means of educational programs and courses for employers and employees.
Keywords: informal economics, ILO, tripartism, human rights, HIV/AIDS, migration, labor inspection, employment, decent work, migrant worker
References:
Rukovodstvo po VICh/SPID dlya inspektorov truda i lits, otvechayushchikh za bezopasnost' i okhranu truda na proizvodstve (2005) // Mezhdunarodnaya organizatsiya truda: ofitsial'nyy sayt. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/---sro-moscow/documents/genericdocument/wcms_312024.pdf (data obrashcheniya – 29.04.2017).
Weine S.M., Kashuba A.B. Labor Migration and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature / S.M. Weine, A.B. Kashuba // AIDS and Behaviour. 2012. August. Vol. 16. Iss. 6. Pp. 1605–1621. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-012-0183-4.
Wolffers I., Fernandez I. Sexual behaviour and vulnerability of migrant workers for HIV infection / I. Wolffers, I. Fernandez, S. Verghis, M. Vink // Culture, Health & Sexuality. 2002. Vol. 4. Iss. 4. Pp. 459-473. DOI: 10.1080/13691050110143356.
Yang H., Li X.Workplace and HIV-related sexual behaviours and perceptions among female migrant workers / H. Yang, X. Li, B. Stanton, X. Fang, D. Lin, R. Mao, H. Liu, X. Chen, R. Severson
Reference:
Kulesh E.A..
Legal framework of the institution of “undesirable residence” of foreign nationals in the Russian Federation in the context of the internal affairs bodies system reforming
// Administrative and municipal law. – 2017. – № 1.
– P. 57-68.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2017.1.21505.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2017.1.21505
Read the article
Abstract: The research subject is the system of various statutory instruments regulating the possibility and legality of the internal affairs bodies’ decisions on the undesirability of residence of foreign nationals in the Russian Federation. The author considers the problem from the position of internal affairs bodies participation in the process of migration regulation and state security provision via control and supervision mechanisms in the considered sphere. The research is based on the analysis of the current Russian legislation, detection of its gaps, prognostication of the related problems and defining the directions of improvement of particular legal provisions in the considered context. The author, on the one hand, detects and systematizes the key statutory instruments in this sphere in respect of internal affairs bodies, and on the other hand, particularizes the existing legislative gaps. This issue hasn’t been studied in the context of internal affairs bodies’ activities so far.
Keywords: request, administrative expulsion, deportation, undesirable residence, police, legal status, stateless person, foreign national, security, migration
References:
Prikaz MVD Rossii i FMS Rossii ot 12 oktyabrya 2009 g.№ 758/240 «Ob organizatsii deyatel'nosti Ministerstva vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii, Federal'noy migratsionnoy sluzhby i ikh territorial'nykh organov po deportatsii i administrativnomu vydvoreniyu za predely Rossiyskoy Federatsii inostrannykh grazhdan ili lits bez grazhdanstva» // Rossiyskaya gazeta. 2009. № 250.
Prikaz MVD Rossii i FMS Rossii ot 26 oktyabrya 2015 g. № 1006/476 «O priznanii utrativshim silu prikaza MVD Rossii i FMS Rossii ot 12 oktyabrya 2009 g. № 758/240» // http://www.pravo.gov.ru
Prikaz MVD Rossii ot 10 noyabrya 2012 g. № 1024 «O poryadke predstavleniya i rassmotreniya v MVD Rossii i ego territorial'nykh organakh materialov dlya prinyatiya resheniya o nezhelatel'nosti prebyvaniya (prozhivaniya) inostrannogo grazhdanina ili litsa bez grazhdanstva v Rossiyskoy Federatsii» // Rossiyskaya gazeta. 2013. 18 yanvarya. № 9.
Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 5 aprelya 2016 g. № 156 «O sovershenstvovanii gosudarstvennogo upravleniya v sfere kontrolya za oborotom narkoticheskikh sredstv, psikho