Abstract: The article defines the direct connection between urbanization and the modern development of medicine as a complex of scientific directions for the development of high-tech medical care. The development of group forms of healthcare facilities as medical and urban complexes in world, Soviet and Russian urban planning practice and theory is presented. A modern trend in the development of innovative territorial formations of a medical organization within the boundaries of urbanized territories has been revealed. The concept of a medical area has been introduced. The object of the study is the medical district. The subject of the study is the spatial and territorial principles of the organization of the medical district. The lack of a spatial connection between medical facilities and the urban structure leads to a shortage of territorial growth and development of medical urban complexes, the unavailability of a comprehensive infrastructure for the development of medical science and practice. The research methodology is based on the definition of criteria for the selection of innovative territorial formations of the medical industry in the structure of urbanized territories. 60 medical districts were analyzed. The characteristic of the methodology for determining the planning options of the area, tested at 19 research sites, is presented. The main conclusions of the study are to determine the planning properties of the medical area. Based on the criteria and their characteristics, a systematization of medical districts has been compiled. A modern approach to the spatial organization of innovative territorial formations of the medical structure based on the collaboration of medical facilities and the integration of the medical district into the urban planning structure has been established. The approach of the urban planning organization of the formation of a medical district based on the territorial localization of medical facilities is revealed.

Keywords: spatial organization, urban planning documentation, group form, urbanization, high-tech medical care, healthcare, medical district, urban structure, collaboration, integration

Abstract: The article deals with the problem of waste disposal resulting from the activities of food industry enterprises located in remote areas of the far north. Using the example of the agricultural production cooperative Fishing collective farm "Voskhod", the possibility of minimizing pollution of the shipping environment and preserving the unique natural ecosystem of the Ayano-Maysky district of the Khabarovsk Territory is considered. The location of the main production facilities of the enterprise in the coastal zone in the southern part of the village of Ayan determines the features of the planning organization and operating conditions of the land plot built up in accordance with the technological chain with single-storey buildings and structures of various functional purposes, and also necessitates the search for optimal ways to solve the problem of collection and further disposal of industrial and household waste of the fishing collective farm. The limited navigation period and the lack of road communication with other areas of the Khabarovsk Territory necessitate the storage and processing of industrial waste from the fishing collective farm directly on its territory. The analysis of the planning and functional organization of the enterprise showed that the most optimal and economically cost–effective solution for waste disposal for the SEC of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Voskhod" is the method of their incineration, for which the authors of this publication propose the allocation of a site for the placement and commissioning of a high-temperature treatment plant for all types of waste in a chamber with an excessive supply of incinerator air. The use of this method will solve the problem of industrial waste disposal, and will also help reduce the negative impact on the health of employees and the environment.

Keywords: Ryblovetsky collective farm, fishing, food industry, the incinerator, waste disposal, natural environment, ecology, Ayano-Maysky district, Khabarovsk Krai, Voskhod

Abstract: The study of climate resilient urban environment formation background in the conditions of a mountain coast and monsoon climate: the case of Vladivostok. The urban environment of a coastal Far-Eastern city is considered as a set of natural and anthropogenic landscapes in their development and interaction in the conditions of climate change. The methodology for identifying climate risk zones in this study is based on assessing changes in the direction and the vector climate factors action intensity – wind and solar radiation – by low-mountainous terrain and urban development. The main climate risk zones in the considered Vladivostok city territory are: – the slopes of the eastern coast of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula exposed to the southeast monsoon, as well as peaks and watersheds throughout the peninsula (wind exposure combined with heavy precipitation); – river valleys oriented to the west and built-up thalwegs (flooding by storm precipitation and excessive insolation heating in hot, muggy weather); – valleys mouth, lowlands and alluvial territories of the peninsula western coast, port facilities and city bays embankments (flooding as a result of a gradual increase in the world sea level). The influence assessment of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula southern part forest cover dynamics and initial orographic structure on the climate risk zones formation is provided in the article. It is shown that intensive anthropogenic development of the peninsula hummocky terrain will generate new urban landscapes topography with radically different microclimate and its regulation possibilities by 2030. Areas of existing and planned high-density multi-storey buildings are identified as increased climate risk zones. In the biotope city concept development, an architectural and spatial model of the climate resilient urban environment as a single architectural and landscape system is proposed. The model components differ by the anthropogenic landscapes density degree and their layered structure features.

Keywords: solar heating of the city, aeration of the city, storm water management, bioclimatic architecture, coastal flooding, ecological urbanism, sustainable city, climate adaptation of the city, climate resilient city, climate change

Abstract: The subject of the article is the buildings of consular offices in Harbin (Northeast China). The object of the study is the consular offices and their urban planning in the city structure. The author examines and analyzes consular offices of different countries that opened their offices during the late nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century. In the course of the study, the position of the objects was analyzed and their characteristic features of location were revealed. The study is aimed at identifying the facilities where consulates of different countries were located and analyzing the criteria for choosing facilities for the placement of consulates in them. The boundaries of the study are determined by the period of the late XIX – mid XX century. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the collection and systematization of materials from field surveys (2023), the systematization of historical and archival materials. The article examines the history of the emergence and development of consular institutions in the city of Harbin. Attention is paid to the reasons for the appearance of these institutions and the principles of their placement in the city. Attention is drawn to how the location of the consular buildings depended on urban development and their importance. The architectural appearance of some notable consular sites is also briefly analyzed. The research is based on empirical methods, including observation and examination. Thanks to the cartographic analysis, it was possible to determine the location of consular offices in urban areas. In addition, a genetic approach was applied, which helped to identify the features and connections of consular institutions in a historical context. The main conclusions of the study are that consular offices were important objects for the formation of the compositional structure of the city. The architecture of the consular buildings reflected the stylistics of different countries, filled the cities with stylistic flavor, and increased the level of landscaping of the territories adjacent to these buildings. The study of the principles of the development of consular institutions in the context of the European architectural heritage of that period is of great interest, especially given the growing interest in identifying and preserving Russian cultural heritage. Consular institutions, in addition to their administrative and political role, had cultural and historical value. Therefore, the analysis of these institutions in terms of their importance for the development of relations between states, as well as their architectural features, allows not only to assess their political, but also their architectural value.

Keywords: engineers, dominant, master plan, railway, territory, project, urban planning regulations, history, architecture, consulate

Abstract: The study of existing road service facilities located on the section of the A-370 Ussuri highway (Khabarovsk – Vladivostok, Russia) makes it possible to assess the possibility of creating a full-fledged environment for a regional roadside recreation cluster. Attention to the problems of the region, determined by the significant exodus of the population from the deep regions of the southern part of the Far East and the need to create decent living conditions for citizens through the organization of urban planning interaction with the population, obliges to study trade spaces and other objects of the roadside infrastructure of the highway, as communications between disparate local settlements in the depths of the region. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibility of forming a trading environment of a regional roadside recreational cluster based on the analysis of existing road service facilities of the A–370 Ussuri highway section (Khabarovsk – Vladivostok, before 2011 – M60).The object of the study is the infrastructure of roadside service. The subject of the study is the commercial infrastructure facilities of the roadside service of the A–370 Ussuri highway, which determine the possibility of forming a recreational cluster in the region. The methodology of the integrated approach is the use of methods of theoretical analysis determined by the materials of normative and legal support for urban planning. The methods of field research are presented by observing the features of the studied environment, photofixation, cartographic analysis, and the establishment of territorial (areas of the route "Ussuri") and the time limits of the study (2023-2024). The novelty of the study is determined by the primary appeal to the analysis of the possibility of creating a roadside recreation cluster system of the Ussuri highway, determining the key parameters of the roadside system, studying the risk factors of its creation in the process of developing the territory under consideration. The relevance of the study is determined by the analysis of existing open retail facilities, the results of which provide a typological classification of road service facilities of the A-370 Ussuri highway section, an assessment of the possibility of creating a full-fledged environment of a regional roadside recreational cluster. The results of the study are determined by the proposal to organize urban planning interaction with the population of remote territories, implemented at the level of providing specially equipped retail outlets in the organized structure of roadside service, as a way to keep the population in local places of residence by stabilizing its financial situation and clarifying the characteristics of the recreational potential of the projected infrastructure at the level of strategic development programs.

Keywords: software development, development, territory, cluster, complexes, recreation, tourism, roadside recreational facilities, trade, support settlements

Abstract: The article is part of a study of the architecture of the railways of the Far East and is devoted to the history of one of the most important junction stations of the Trans-Siberian Railway, a class III station in the city of Nikolsk-Ussuriysky, modern Ussuriysk in Primorsky Krai. The subject of the study is the architectural and urban planning features of the development within the boundaries of the railway exclusion zone at the station, adopted in the late XIX – early XX century. The author pays special attention to the urban planning structure of the station settlement and the analysis of projects and buildings of residential buildings for railway workers. Graphic reconstructions of residential buildings were carried out, plans for the location of tracks and buildings at the station of various periods were analyzed: from the beginning of the construction of the Trans-Siberian railway in 1891 to the first years of Soviet power. The research methods adopted in the work are based on classical general scientific methods, such as the historical method, methods of architectural analysis and graphic reconstruction. The materials used are the results of archival surveys and field surveys of the Ussuriysk railway station area conducted by the author in 2018-2024. The presented analysis is not exhaustive, due to the extremely heterogeneous nature of the available materials, however, consideration of drawings of plans for the location of tracks and buildings at the station, which were not previously published and of a utilitarian nature, allowed Ussuriysk to take a fresh look at the layout and development of the Ussuriysk, highlight the area of the railway station and note the architectural and urban planning techniques used, characteristic of other stations in the Far East the direction. A compact section of the city adjacent to the railway tracks, known as the Railway Slobodka, is considered, on the territory of which a number of objects built in the late XIX – early XX century have been preserved. The author's contribution to the research of the topic is the introduction of new materials into scientific circulation that can be used by other specialists in their scientific work.

Keywords: The Ussuri Railway, CER, living environment, railway architecture, typical architecture, The Far East, urban planning, railway terminal, architecture, architectural heritage

Abstract: The object of the study is the development of the Moscow Metro transport system in terms of the inclusion of two new elements in its structure: the Big Circle Line and the Moscow Central Circle. The subject of the study is the process of optimizing the passenger flow of the Moscow Metro, which is revealed by comparing the Big Circle Line and the Moscow Central Circle. The analysis was carried out on four aspects: a comparative description of the history of the development of the two projects, a comparison of the main parameters of the Great Ring Line of the metro and the Moscow Central Ring, a comparative analysis of the location of these two lines in Moscow, a comparison of transfer hubs on the Great Ring Line of the metro and on the Moscow Central Ring. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of two implemented projects (MCC and BCL) with the identification of the pros and cons of these projects both separately and in comparison. The following methods were used: statistical, comparative-geographical, analytical, cartographic. The study showed that both ring lines reduced the travel time of passengers, relieved the ring and radial metro lines. A significant number of Moscow residents received metro stations within walking distance. At the same time, the Big Ring Metro Line is a more successfully implemented project than the Moscow Central Ring. The Bolshaya Koltsevaya Metro Line is used daily by more passengers than the Moscow Central Ring. However, the MCC, in addition to its direct transport functions, also has great educational significance, being at the same time an excursion route through two epochs of the Moscow railway ring – the beginning of the XX and the beginning of the XXI centuries.

Keywords: educational excursion, location of BKL stations, location of MCC stations, transfer hubs, number of stations, Moscow diameters, Moscow subway, Moscow transport, Moscow Central Circle, Big Circle Line

Abstract: The presented research is part of the work on the formulation of the principles of urban development of northern settlements. The object of this study is the territories of settlements located in the arctic climate of the extreme North. The subject of the study is the patterns of formation of the environment of northern settlements in the context of the problem of the life cycle. The author emphasizes the primary and determining role of natural and climatic conditions. Such elements of the life cycle as the place of employment, population, and infrastructure are considered in more detail in order to find their relationship and determine the role of each of them. Special attention is paid to the study of real-life settlements (Kadykchan, Halmer-Yu, Ynykchan, Iultin) located in extreme climatic conditions of the North and now closed. Using their example, the patterns of the life cycle of the northern settlement are analyzed to determine the prospects for further urban development. The research method implies a consistent analysis of the elements of the life cycle of the designated settlements (place of employment, population, infrastructure), as well as the execution of graphoanalytical materials. The novelty of the study lies in identifying the features of the elements of the life cycle of the actually existing northern settlements, the life cycle of which has already been completed. The main conclusions based on the results of the study are the following provisions: 1. The primacy of the place of application of labor relative to the other two elements of the life cycle. 2. The duration of the life cycle and the success of the existence of a settlement is determined by the harmonious interrelation of its elements. 3. The need for an infrastructure element in the context of the values of the XXI century at any stage of the life cycle of a settlement. 4. The formation and existence of a northern settlement should not be an end in itself: a timely choice of a vector for "compression" of the settlement may be acceptable and environmentally rational. The prospects for further research should be focused on the concept of a master plan for settlements in extreme climatic conditions of the North. The use of the concept of the life cycle of the northern settlement is proposed as the main basis for master planning.

Keywords: city life cycle, population of the North, place of application of labor, functional zones, planning features, northern settlement, settlement typology, settlement infrastructure, extreme climatic conditions, vector of functional development

Abstract: The article considers the possibilities of integrating the theory of urban risk assessment (URA – Urban Risk Assessments), the concept of spatial syntax (Space syntax), the three-pronged strategy of risk management and compliance (GRC Governance, Risk and Compliance) in the paradigmatic optics of «turning to the material» (TTM) in social research devoted to the analysis and management of risks in urban space. A look at the risks of the urban environment through the prism of TTM allowed to specify the spatial framework of the Space syntax concept, covering the boundaries of a city or district. By overcoming the distinction between acting subjects and objective structures in the TTM in relation to the theory of URA, the functional positions of counting and evaluating possible risk situations are determined. The specifics of applying the «Turn to the material» to the concept of Governance, Risk and Compliance solves the problem of choosing a risk mitigation management strategy. Such a theoretical synthesis is explicated on the example of the urban space of Lipetsk. The operationalization of concepts, including the identification of environmental, social, technological and other risks on the basis of concepts modified through TTM, has determined the tools for integrated monitoring and forecasting of urban space risks. The allocation of material objects as new participants enriched the traditional theories of riskology, adding material dimension and accounting for interaction with material objects. It has become possible to create more accurate and differentiated urban risk management strategies. Consideration of Lipetsk as a case study makes it possible to specify the proposed methodologies and emphasize their applicability in the real conditions of the urban environment. The use of URA made it possible to identify the main categories of risks for the city, such as environmental, social and technological threats.

Keywords: compliance, reassemble, topology, social institutions, assessment, city, space, management, material, social risks