Abstract: This research is aimed at problems and issues that arise as a result of changes in the Russian Federation tax law allowing Russian companies to exclude input VAT when performing works or services in place not acknowledged by the RF for VAT calculation purposes. Yarmak analyzes the structure of the global export of works (services), defines the place of the RF in the global rating of countries that export them, describes problems that may arise as a result of new rules of input VAT calculation by companies that export services (works), and offers relevant solutions. The research methods used by the author include scientific inquiry, analysis, axiomatization, systematization, prognosis, planning, hypothesis construction, graphical and table methods of data presentation. The issue covered by the research is important due to modern development trends of the global market of services and active policy of the Russian Federation amed at encouragement of non-resource export. Calculation of input VAT during export of services is one of the main issues faced by Russian business, therefore all tax manoeuvres destined to solve this problems should be structured in the way that would allow to avoid unfavorable consequences as much as possible. 

Keywords: VAT, export of services, VAT recovery, tax burden, export stimulation, marketing services, advertising services, IT services, consulting services, indirect taxation

Abstract: Movement of Russia's economy towards robotic production should be reinforced by making companies ready for such shift. In this article the authors focus on what conditions are needed for the development of robotic economy in terms of regulation of corporate tax burden. The subject of the research is the methods of state regulation of corporate tax burden under the conditions of robotic economy. The aim of the research is to develop tax regulation tools, in particular, rebates for main tax and levy rates destined to encourage companies to transfer to robotic production. In their research the authors have applied such methods as analysis and synthesis, systems approach, multivariate statistics methods and economic and mathematical methods. As a result of their research, the authors prove the need to develop new tax instruments that would either change behavior of economic entities towards robotic production or encourage futher shift of companies to robotic economy in case companies have been already taken some step in this direction. The authors offer to develop rebates for main tax rates, VAT and insurance rates for companies that prove to be efficient in adopting robotic production. The main requirement for applying to such rebates would be positive dynamics of productivity indicators for the period rebates are granted for.   

Keywords: tax burden, the robotic economy, government regulation, regulation of the tax burden, tax instrument, discount, profit tax, VAT, insurance contributions, performance indicators

Abstract: The aim of the research is to define admissible patterns of taxation of revenues from cryptocurrency operations in Russia. In the course of her research the author has analyzed the epxerience of tax regulation of cryptocurrency turnover in European countries, USA, Canada, Latin America and Pacific Asia. She has analyzed alternative approaches to defining the economic and legal nature of cryptocurrency for taxation purposes and has defined peculiarities of determination of an object of taxation and calculation of tax base for cryptocurrency operations. The author has also outlined th emain problems that may arise in the process of tax control of cryptocurrency operations. The methodological basis of the research includes a combination of general and special research methods such as analysis of cause-and-effect relations, structural functional method, logical method, comparative law method, method of legal modelling and prediction. The main result of the research is the development of potential variants of direct and indirect taxation of cryptocurrency operations in Russia as well as description of some methods of collection and confirmation of information about personalities of miners, cryptocurrency holders and relevant operations for tax control purposes. 

Keywords: Cryptocurrency, cryptocurrency operations, mining, means of payment, assets, direct taxation, indirect taxation, object of taxation, tax base, tax control

Abstract: The subject of the research is the legal nature of article 54.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Kharitonov studies whether this article should be viewed as the legal act that describes tax violation and sets forth responsibility for committing it, or as the rule of behavior adopted for the purpose of developing the concept of tax good faith. The researcher gives evaluation of the approach of Russian tax authorities to the aforesaid problem as well as shares his own point of view on the matter. The methodological basis of the research includes formal logic such as analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction. The main conclusion of the research is that the legal nature of Article dictates mandatory rule that defines actual tax responsibilities of private tax law actors. If we view this article as the legal act that describes tax violation and sets forth responsibility for committing it as the tax authorities prescribe, private tax law actors will bear dual liablity for tax violations which should be avoided by all means. 

Keywords: Taxes, Good faith, General anti-avoidance rule, Tax liability, Tax offence, Tax authorities, Tax system, Tax benefit, Tax planning, Tax evasion

Abstract: The object of the research is the process of tax evastion. The subject of the research is the trends of changes that have been going on in modern Russia in relation to tax evasion. Vachugov analyzes factors of reduction and growth of tax evasion and describes negative consequenes of shadow tax evasion services. He also gives evaluation of state measures aimed at prevention of tax evasion including tax evasion performed by shadow services. Based on the analysis of Internet resources, judicial and legal sources of the Russian Federation, the researcher evaluates changes in the number of judicial disputes based on the basic tax evasion schemes and describes the main trend in changes of shadow economy values in the tax sphere. The main methodology of the research is the systems analysis of legal documents and recommendations of the Federal Tax Service of Russia which demonstrates weak points of state tax evasion prevention methods, factor analysis of dynamics in the volumes of shadow economy and comparative analysis of the number of judicial disputes regarding the basic tax evasion schemes. The researcher gives the definition of 'shadow economy in tax sphere' and proves the need in such definition due to activation of shadow tax evasion services. As a result of the analysis of growth factors and reduction of tax evasion volumes, the researcher discovers opportunities of state restrictive methods, in particular, in relation to shadow services activity and ineffective preventive measures. The author also discovers the trend towards reduction of tax evasion volumes as a result of state restrictions of one-day firms. 

Keywords: Tax, Evasion, Tax scheme, Tax authority, Shadow economy, The structure of the shadow, Shadow services, One-day firm, Growth factor, Limitation measures