Abstract: In our work, an attempt is made to identify diagnostic indicators of "psychological vulnerability" in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy individuals. The subject of the study is to compare the mean indicators, to assess the relationship between the mechanisms of psychological defense, motivational sphere and temperamental indicators and intrapersonal conflict of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy individuals resistant to this disease. We used the method "Diagnostics of polymotivational tendencies in the "self-concept" of the personality" by S.M. Petrova, the test questionnaire "Life Style Index"; the method "The Level of Correlation between Value and Accessibility in Various Spheres of Life"; the EPI personality questionnaire was used. The study involved 200 people (100 IBD patients and 100 healthy ones) between the ages of 20 and 30. To process the data, we used the ANOVA univariate analysis of variance using the LSD test for comparing means, correlation analysis using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient using Statistica 12.0. A comparative analysis of the average motivational sphere showed that patients with inflammatory bowel diseases have a high level of motivation, optimism, and work. The mechanisms of psychological defense of the patients with inflammatory and intestinal diseases are less diverse and are limited to two – denial and intellectualization. Healthy individuals' motivation for material well-being is inversely related to repression and is directly related to the defense mechanism of regression. The psychological defense mechanism of healthy individuals who are resistant to inflammatory bowel diseases plays the role of a regulator of intrapersonal balance. The increase in resistance to the disease is associated with such defense mechanisms as repression, compensation, projection, regression, intellectualization, and projection.

Keywords: Healthy, Semantic Features of Self-Consciousness, defensive-coping behaviour, disease, Intrapersonal conflict, Psychological Defense Mechanisms, Stress, Temperamental indicators, Motivation, Inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract: The subject of the research is the study of sexual and regional differences in the manifestation of emotional intelligence of the adolescents. The object of the study is the emotional intelligence of the adolescents, which affects their self-regulation, relationships and expression of emotions. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the social environment, economic order and additional opportunities that determine the emotional stability and development of adolescents. Special attention is paid to the study of regional differences on the example of the quality level of educational institutions and cultural traditions. In addition, the peculiarities of adolescence, human rights, religion and religious education also lead to differences in the development of emotional intelligence. Each region has its own unique characteristics that affect how teenagers feel, react to other people and are able to solve life problems. The study used: the methodology "Diagnosis of the level of empathic abilities" (V.V. Boyko), the test "Assessment of emotional intelligence" (N.Hall), the test "Measurement of social intelligence" (J.Guilford), the methodology "Indicator of coping strategies" (adapted by V.M. Yaltonsky), a questionnaire "Learning with the help of 16 personality factors" (R.B. Ketell), the test "The level of personality claims" (V.K. Gerbachevsky). The main conclusions of the study are that by comparative analysis of the development of emotional intelligence of adolescents, considered by region, is possible to understand the influence of socio-cultural (regional) environmental factors and conditions on the experiences, goals and situations of adolescents. The peculiarities of adolescence, human rights, religious and upbringing lead to differences in the development of emotional intelligence of adolescent boys and girls. The main contribution of the author to the topic of the study is the confirmation of significant differences in terms of dominance and subordination (Y=37062,000; p>0.05). Thus, the desire for dominance is stronger in teenage girls than in teenage boys. The advantage of teenage girls is that they are most able to understand concepts, control their emotions, and establish empathic relationships with others, which plays an important role in increasing their emotional stability. Teenage boys are stronger in self-expression than teenage girls. Their skills of self-expression and negotiation make them stronger in their quest for dominance.

Keywords: decision-making, emotional solidarity, gender difference, empathy indicators, emotional stability, territorial differentiation, problem situations, personal development, emotional intelligence, self-awareness

Abstract: Recently, the number of children with autism spectrum disorder has been growing, and accordingly, the number of families in which a special child is brought up is growing. According to a University of Wisconsin study, parents of children with special needs experience a stress level comparable to that experienced by a serviceman in a combat zone. Parents and especially mothers raising a child are experiencing chronic stress, which determines the development of parental burnout syndrome. The aim of the study is to identify the factors determining the development of symptoms of parental burnout of mothers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder. The subject of the study is a comparative analysis of the severity of symptoms of parental burnout of mothers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder. Identification of factors of development of parental burnout will allow to determine the target symptoms for the prevention and correction of this syndrome. The sample consisted of 54 mothers aged 36.52±6.54 years who have a child with autism spectrum disorder of preschool age, the age of children is 6.1± 1.72. The research methodology is the questionnaire "Parental burnout" by Efimova, used to study the level of parental burnout. Mothers raising children with autism spectrum disorders and being divorced have a significantly higher level of emotional exhaustion than married women and women living in a civil marriage. Satisfaction with marital relations is a factor influencing the indicators of parental burnout of women raising children with autism spectrum disorders. The scientific novelty of the study is to determine the role of marital satisfaction in the development of symptoms of parental burnout of mothers raising a child with autism spectrum disorders.

Keywords: intra-family climate, childhood autism, maternal burnout, emotional burnout, special development situation, burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion, family situation, autism spectrum disorder, parental burnout

Abstract: The object of the study is the mental reality of a personality, and the subject is its dream activity, which is considered in the context of a multilevel and multidimensional structure of personality as a system. Thus, the function of dream activity is considered through the prism of a dialogic (transcendental) function that allows consciousness to perceive mental facts beyond its boundaries, that is, to acquire the ability to metareflexion, combining the ontological and epistemological paradigms. It follows from this that the study touches on the "multi-dimensionality" of the personal structure, both on the surface and in the deep planes, combined in the space of a dream through conscious perception of symbols. It is proposed to combine the idea of the structure of the psyche according to S. Groff and an understanding of the specifics of the material manifested in specific dreams of a particular person. The research methodology is based on the idea of mental reality as a self-regulating system, within which dreams serve the inherent desire for integrity of the personality. The author uses the following methods: case studies, interpretation, analysis and synthesis, introspection and self-report. The article attempts to develop an integrative-synthetic theory of dreams based on the works of V.V. Kozlov, S.A. Parfentiev, V.V. Maikov and other modern authors working in the field of practical depth psychology. Based on the author's vision and generalization of many years of experience, the concept of seven "dimensions" (levels) is proposed for working with dream material for the purposes of psychological psychotherapy and personal development. The results of an experiment are presented, proving both the effectiveness of this algorithm and the scientific validity of understanding dreams as a multidimensional natural psychotherapeutic space, process and mechanism at the same time. In general, the work is very relevant from the point of view of both theory and practice, while being characterized by a certain scientific novelty.

Keywords: Trasnformation, The dream, Personality, Another, The subject, Conscience, Dialogue, Integration, The unconscious, Metareflexion

Abstract: The subject of this article is a socio-psychological analysis of the personality of a manager. The focus is on the strengths and weaknesses of the leader, development potential, and improvement of organizational skills and abilities. A psychologically comprehensive and in-depth study of a leader’s personality, his individual characteristics, motivation, communication styles and other factors is essential for clarifying qualifications and other requirements for a manager, contributing to the efficient use of resources and effective management. The study of the psychological portrait of a manager is relevant for modern practice; it allows us to identify specific individual components of the personality of a particular manager, which represent him in the world of business relations, communications, promote or hinder the establishment of relationships, conflict prevention, resolution of problem situations, the formation of effective teams, and the formation of teams. To achieve the goals of the study, a combined approach was used: on the one hand, the data from our earlier empirical study of the characteristics of the orientation of a leader’s personality were theoretically summarized; on the other hand, an analysis of academic publications and studies on management psychology was used, which made it possible to develop a model based on existing theories and approaches to the study of the personality of managers. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a generalized model of a socio-psychological portrait of a leader, built on the basis of a basic psychological model of personality. The proposed model allows us to more deeply understand the personal characteristics of managers, their motivation, experience, educational, and managerial background. The results of the study are useful for developing management training programs, for training managers at various levels, for increasing the level of professional success and ensuring overall productivity and management efficiency.

Keywords: Personality orientation, Socio-psychological portrait, Motivational and semantic education, Affiliation, Professional Efficiency, Need-semantic sphere, Personality, Management, Moral, self-awareness

Abstract: The subject of the study is the psychological features of the hospital adaptation of adolescents, depending on the profile of the disease (gastroenterological and neurological). The work is aimed at identifying clinical and psychological characteristics in conditions of hospitalization as a "target" for preventive support of socio-psychological adaptation of adolescents in the hospital. The materials of an empirical study are presented, 120 people took part in all stages, two groups of subjects (neurological and gastroenterological departments) with an equal number of participants, the same number of boys and girls, and equal average age in the groups (11±0.8) were selected for the forming experiment. The authors pay special attention to the identification of psychological correlates of adaptation, the consideration of which increases the effectiveness of psychological support in the hospital. According to the results of the implementation of the developed program, an improvement in the indicators of socio-psychological adaptation of adolescents, stabilization of emotional well-being and a positive attitude to the treatment process in the hospital was revealed. Psychodiagnostic methods were applied: the CMAS scale of explicit anxiety; The methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological adaptation by K. Rogers, R. Diamond; the Kettell test, 14PF/HSPQ, the Spielberger-Hanin anxiety scale. Methods of mathematical statistics: Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, Student's T-criterion Scientific novelty lies in the identification of psychological correlates of hospital adaptation depending on the disease profile. Conclusions were obtained: the presence of psychological support for the hospitalization process of children allows to reduce anxiety, improve attitude to treatment, consolidate a positive emotional state and stabilize the socio-psychological adaptation of adolescents in the hospital; it is advisable to implement a hospital adaptation program taking into account the psychological characteristics of adolescents, depending on the profile of the disease; hospital adaptation of the patients with the neurological profile is accompanied by anxiety particularities; psychological support can be carried out in the direction of activating self-presentation, creating situations with vivid impressions and interesting facts, supporting the positioning of a teenager as an adult, independent and responsible for his behavior and a clear mode of life in a hospital.

Keywords: emotional well-being, prevention of maladjustment, socio-psychological adaptation, attitude to treatment, adolescents, maladaptation, psychological support, anxiety, hospital adaptation, personal characteristics of teenagers

Abstract: Currently, special attention is being paid to improving the efficiency and quality of medical care for palliative cancer patients. However, the problems faced by patients and their loved ones affect not only the physical health of these patients, but also their emotional sphere. In this regard, the aim of the study was to compare the meaningful and dynamic characteristics of the emotional state of palliative cancer patients receiving and not receiving psychocorrective care. The subject of the study is the possibility of correcting the emotional state in palliative cancer patients through the use of visualization, relaxation, and art therapy methods. Experimental sample of the study: 33 patients of oncological palliative profile aged 38 to 65 years. In the course of the study, the authors studied the psychological characteristics of these patients. Special attention is paid to the development and implementation of a program aimed at providing psychocorrective support for palliative patients diagnosed with oncology in a hospital setting, in particular, to reduce anxiety levels and harmonize emotional state. Empirical methods: (Testing methods, group clinical conversation with patients, conducting a group psychological program. Research methods: The test "Index of life satisfaction" and its adaptation by N.V. Panina. The test "Toronto scale of alexithymia" TAS adaptation V.M.Bekhterev Institute. The personal scale of anxiety manifestation by J. Taylor, adaptation by T. A. Nemchinov. The presented work examines the possibilities of providing psychocorrective support to palliative patients diagnosed with oncology. The study revealed the peculiarities of the psyche, developed mechanisms for providing appropriate psychocorrective care, psychological interaction with the above category of people. A psychocorrection program has been developed and implemented aimed at reducing the level of anxiety, harmonizing the emotional state, working on the phenomenon of death and acceptance of the phenomenon of dying, working on anxiety, working on the search and activation of resource states. Testing of the program on an experimental group of palliative patients showed positive results. It was possible to reduce the level of anxiety and alexithymia. To achieve positive dynamics in life satisfaction indicators. The obtained research results will contribute to the creation of an empirical and practical basis for psychocorrective support for palliative patients.

Keywords: the T-Wilcoxon criterion, experiences, mentality, palliative care, negative thoughts, psychocorrection program, quality of life, psychotherapy, psychological support, oncological diseases

Abstract: The authors consider the organization and methodology of psychological support of servicemen of the National Guard of the Russian Federation who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature. The complex of psychological support measures is presented, which includes psychological study, in-depth psychological and psychophysiological examination of military personnel, measures to provide them with psychological assistance and psychological support in the process of military professional activity, as well as correction of impaired functional states. In accordance with the results obtained, a set of psychological support measures was developed and carried out with military personnel of a military unit performing service and combat tasks of an extreme nature on the basis of one of the military units of the National Guard of the Russian Federation in four directions: 1. Psychological education of military personnel who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature. 2. Psychohygiena and psychoprophylaxis when working with military personnel who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature. 3. Psychological correction when working with military personnel who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature. 4. Psychological counseling when working with military personnel who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature. The organization of psychological support of servicemen of the National Guard of the Russian Federation who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature, described in the program of psychological support had a constructive impact on the individual typological features of military personnel who performed service and combat tasks of an extreme nature, as well as on the features of the spheres of personality, such as: value-semantic, cognitive, emotional-volitional, communicative. The measures carried out made it possible to reduce the level of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the degree of influence of a traumatic event, the consequences of traumatic stress. The number of servicemen who do not experience a traumatic event has increased, thoughts and images do not haunt. Physiological hyperactivation does not manifest itself, according to which, there is no negative impact on social, professional or other significant activity.

Keywords: value and meaning sphere, psychological support, psychological counseling, psychological education, psychological rehabilitation, psychological correction, psychological diagnosis, combat missions, serviceman, emotional qualities

Abstract: The growing interest of psychophysiologists in the role of the vestibular system in the development of children is due to its important role in the processes of sensorimotor integration. At the same time, in most cases, vestibular dysfunctions remain undetected by specialists, even in school-age children. The number of instrumental studies of vestibular function that can be used to examine children is limited. Cervical vestibular myogenic evoked potentials (cVEMP), which assess the sacculocervical reflex, are one of the promising types of electrophysiological diagnostics. The review is devoted to scientific research aimed at establishing normative data for analyzing the results of cVEMP in children without hearing impairment. It was found that there is no unified protocol for conducting cVEMP, since the following parameters may affect the results of the study: characteristics of the acoustic stimulus; the length of the subject's neck; the way in which tonic tension of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is caused; anatomical features of the auditory canal and other factors. The study of cVEMP is non-invasive, takes no more than 15 minutes, and is well tolerated by children. Diagnosis can be carried out from the first days of life. The diagnostic results allow us to draw conclusions about the degree of myelination of the sacculocervical reflex pathway. There is evidence that myelination is delayed in premature infants, children with the effects of asphyxia. It has been shown that the consequences of this deficiency do not disappear, they manifest themselves in preschool and school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning difficulties, and Down syndrome. Further research will contribute to the development of a unified CMVP protocol for the examination of children, which will make it possible to identify children with risk of developing disorders and conduct early intervention already in infancy.

Keywords: sacculus, developmental disorders, sensorimotor integration, vestibular dysfunctions, learning difficulties, children, vestibular system, cVEMP, sacculocervical reflex, vestibulocervical reflex