Abstract: The subject of this research is the participation of the local branches of political parties in municipal elections in cases when such elections take place in accordance with the proportional electoral system, and the local branches participate in it by putting forth the lists of candidates. Among all of these types of electoral associations with the right to nominate the candidates at the municipal elections, the local branches of political parties hold a special place. Being the closest to population structural subdivisions of political parties, the local branches are called to take active part in the municipal elections; however, namely due to their participation in the election, the law enforcement practice faced the majority of issues, which yet to not have an unambiguous legislative resolution. The method of the research leans on the analysis of the legal norms contained in legislative acts of the Russian Federation and its constituents, examination of the law enforcement practice, associated with participation of the branches of political parties in the local elections. The author determines the factors that are capable of creating the circumstances for violation of the rights of citizens and their associations regarding the participation in elections, as well as formulates the key ways of resolution of the assigned problems.

Keywords: Local self-government, Political parties, Elections, public associations, proportional electoral system, local elections, electoral process, municipal law, Electoral coalitions, Electoral law

Abstract: The subject of the study is the Kurdish question, which is a complex problem. Respect for human rights is a measure of the internal danger of the Kurdish countries. An objective analysis of the Kurdish national movement in modern conditions does not leave such an important issue as the role of women in the Kurdish society and the national liberation movement without attention. An important factor in solving the Kurdish issue is participation in public organizations and movements. Women participate in the political process of Kurdistan at various workplaces of Kurdistan (PKK, RKK), Women's Association in Kazakhstan (KJK), Association for Support and Education of Women KA-DER, World, as well as acute social problems provoking the oppression of modern women. Analysis of the real situation of women and their women's movements in society is of great theoretical and practical importance, since without an integrated scientific analysis, an objective and complete assessment of what is happening in Kurdish society is impossible. The authors use an integrated, systematic approach in combination with political, historical and other methods. To consider two interrelated processes: the participation and role of Kurdish women in the national liberation movement and the impact of the movement on the social-political status With modern women. The study confirms that women working in the Kurdish language do not have equal opportunities for women, and they do not have the right to receive legal assistance. The goal is to destroy the stereotype about the social and civil potential of women.A comprehensive analysis of the concept of counteraction to financial and political problems in society is presented. The theoretical conclusions of the authors are supported by examples of reports on violations and the development of liberation movements in various civil spheres, as well as the results of their achievement for the uniformity and participation in the life of the regions.Read the document, which sets out the main provisions of the law on the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

Keywords: Mono-nationalism, society, religious fanaticism, discrimination, National liberation movements, nationalism, Woman in Kurdistan, Political process, The Kurdish question, Religious jammats

Abstract: This article provides a critical analysis of the development of civil society institutions in Russia, as well as the peculiarities of civil society. The author examines the impact of information warfare upon the activity of the civil society institutions in Russia and abroad. The trends of development of the Russian “third sector” are analyzed through the prism of information warfare. The role of Internet is also being reviewed. The author comes to the conclusion that the information warfare is a factor that significantly influences the development of civil society institutions in Russia. The article explores the destructive potential of civil society that is used as a tool of information warfare. It is claimed that the state and society have a right to apply the preventative measures, which limit such destructive potential. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the modern civil society in Russia is obviously at the stage of establishment of the key institutions, and at the same time functions under the conditions of the active information warfare that substantially influences the dynamics of their development. In addition, the civil society in Russia forms in the context of the generally completed transition to the information society. Combination of the external factors affecting the civil society institutions alongside the level of impact of each of these factors represent a scientific interest. The author formulates the regularities and underlines the signs of influence of the information warfare upon the civil society institutions in Russia, corresponds them with the existing sociological data and global challenges of modernity, as well as makes a conclusion on the need for active work regarding the protection of Russian civil society from the influence of the third countries.

Keywords: manipulation, Russia, communication, Internet, network movement, informational warfare, sociology, Civil society, third sector, non-governmental organizations

Abstract: At present stage, the migration has turned into a powerful factor of influence upon the political, socioeconomic, and demographic development of various countries of the world, as well as the integration processes and interaction between the states. From such perspective, China, as a workforce supplier, must be within the field of scientific research. The relevant object for study consists in the Chinese foreign migration, including the phenomenon of the modern migration from Africa to China that is examined in the context of sociopolitical relations in the Chinese society. The subject of the article is defined as a modern migration process from Africa to China, Chinese migration policy, and new trends in migration policy as a part of foreign policy. The scientific novelty is justified by the lack of research in the field of the Chinese foreign migration and policy related to the migrants. The unresolved migration issues are directly connected with the solution of the question of human rights in China. A distinct feature of the China’s migration policy lies in combination of the migration process as objective process and result of the high level of country’s economic development, and a tool for solution of the tasks aimed at the development of the county. Due to this fact, such aspect of the study as the migration of Africans into PRC along with the controversies and trends in the Chinese migration policy seem rather relevant.

Keywords: migration processes, visa regime, racism, migration policy, migration to China, Africans in China, Residence permit, China, xenophobia, migration

Abstract: The subject of this research is the political myth that manifests as an important strategic resource in creation of the image of territory. The authors thoroughly examines such aspects of the topic as the mythological consciousness, functions of the political myth as means of implementation of the political goals (replacement of reality, overcoming fear by an individual, legitimatization of authority, realization of hierarchy in society, etc.). From the perspective of methodological approach of political constructivism, the article reviews the question about the role of political myth in promoting the territorial image. The author highlight functions of the political myth in the context of image communication, as well as underline the meaning of myth in the process of personification, legitimization, identification, and management of the behavior. The territorial image policy is defined as a form of symbolic policy, implemented within the framework of the vertical political communication, Myth alongside the ritual is viewed as the elements of marketing of the territory, event-management, and territorial identity.

Keywords: event-management, strategy, construction, place image policy, image, communication, myth, symbolic politics, branding, identity

Abstract: The author analyzes in detail the possibilities of policy networks influence on the political sphere, emphasizing the formation of new network institutions of public and political participation, the transition from a linear model of political participation to interactive. Analyzing technological and socio-economic changes, the author comes to an intermediate conclusion that the basic actor of modern politics is an individual able to directly participate in socio-political processes thanks to modern means of network communication, and the policy itself acquires the properties of a nonlinear dynamic system. The object of the research is a political space that is under the influence of the processes of networkization and socio-economic transformations, thereby acquiring the properties of a nonlinear dynamical system. The subject of the study are possible ways of development in the conditions of nonlinear dynamics. In the course of the research, the author models the most likely scenarios for changing political systems and management practices in these conditions. As a result, the author identifies seven possible ways of development in conditions of nonlinear dynamics. Some of these ways are based on the assumption that the political system perceives the network environment as a destabilizing and hostile factor, which leads to a confrontation between traditional political systems and the network space. Other ways of development involve the use of the effects of self-organization, co-creation and the complicity of political networks to formulate and implement effective policy. The author comes to the conclusion that the most optimal solution is the diversified implementation of those development ways that would allow using the synergistic effects of networks for the development of policies corresponding to the public interests.

Keywords: civil society, development ways, monitory democracy, policy development, political communication, data-driven policy making, policy networks, nonlinear dynamics, network society, public administration

Abstract: At present stage, crowdsourcing has turned into a powerful factor of influence upon the political, social and economic spheres of development of various countries of the world, as well as political process of the states. From this perspective, crowdsourcing, as a mechanism of information and communication technologies, should be in the field of academic research. Therefore, in the author’s opinion, the relevant topic for examination is considered the technology of political crowdsourcing as one of the efficient means of establishment and transformation of the political discourse. The article is first to provide the classification of types of such phenomenon. The scientific novelty consists in the thesis that in modern world increases the trend of acquiring services using Internet technologies. Thus, the attention is turned to the aspect of implementation of political crowdsourcing within the Russian political sphere. Based on the comparative analysis of international experience, the author gives recommendations on the improvement of platform of the Russian public initiative.

Keywords: political process, e-petition, RUI, policy, Information and Communication Technologies, political crowdsourcing, internet technology, government, parliament, types of crowdsourcing

Abstract: The subject of this research is the organizational efficiency of the Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico. The object is the Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico in the XX century. The author carefully examines the structural peculiarities of the party, as well as the general context of political regime in Mexico. Special attention is given to the theoretical concept of organizational efficiency. The author provides is own definition of the organizational efficiency. In this case, it is suggested to views the organizational efficiency of the Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico as its ability to attract the supporters to join the ranks. The positions of neo-constitutionalism allow considering the formal legal norms that regulation the actions of the political actors, as well as the informal aspects of politics. The organizational approach allows viewing the peculiarities of organizational relations alongside the functions of political parties. The main conclusion of the conducted research lies in highlighting the key factors of the political regime as a whole, and organizational policy of the Institutional Revolutionary Party of Mexico in particular, which affect its organizational efficiency. The author claims that the specificities of political regime had direct impact upon the mobilization policy of the dominant party of Mexico.

Keywords: political party, mobilization, political transformation, political regime, Mexico, organizational effeciency, dominant party, clientelism, political resources, corporativism

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the examination of framework of domestic policy of the Russian Federation in a particular administrative formation – North Caucasian Federal District, and primarily the strategic goals and tasks resolved by the federal center in the region at present stage. The tool for resolution of these tasks lies in the plan of unification of the North Caucasian subjects in the context of new formation – North Caucasian Federal District, with establishment of specific architecture of administration, vertical and horizontal connections. It is underlined that such administrative decision is adjusted to the certain conditions, specificity, and peculiarities of North Caucasus, considering the polycultural, polyconfessional, ethnic diversity of the region, as well as presence of various forms of the subjects – national republics, and exceptionally territorial subject Stavropol Krai. The author notes that evolution in relationship between the federal center and regional authorities of North Caucasian Federal District had two main sources. On one hand, the activity of competent representatives of the President in the district, the most ambitious of whom was Dmitry Kozak. On the other hand – revision of the approach towards solution of the problems of North Caucasus at federal level that resulted in creation of the Ministry of North Caucasus Affairs in 2014. It responsibilities included the formulation of the projects of government programs on development of North Caucasus, coordination of the work aimed at implementation of these programs in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: security, state, interests, political regime, Muslims, global insecurity, Caucasus, Russia, political system, risks

Abstract: This article examines the question of the conflict of rights, emerging in collision of rights of the minorities and separate members of the group. The author underlines the importance of threat of discrimination of minorities within the minorities. The work analyzes the efficiency and purposefulness of application of the dominant approach towards resolution of problems associates with the rights of minorities. Special attention is given to the role of identity of the participants of conflict. The main conclusion of the conducted research lies in acknowledgement of the necessity of change of the dominant paradigm in discord within the minorities. The prevailing approach cannot offer the efficient solution due to considering them as the implacable collision of equal rights. Approach susceptible to differences, will underline the importance of people’s identity, which in turn, can defuse the imminent conflict.  

Keywords: identity, multiculturalism, minority rights, group rights, social minority, cultural minority, minority, liberalism, diversity, conflict

Abstract: The subject of this research is the identity of a modern citizen of Turkey. The article examines the key peculiarities of establishment of Turkish identity and factors that affect its formation in the context of the conducted in the country reforms of domestic and foreign policy, as well as changes taking place in the region and international political arena. Special attention is given to the main political trends and their impact upon the transformation of the subject to disintegration over the recent years identity of Turkey’s citizen, who faces new challenges in search for his place in the country and the world. The main conclusion is based on the analysis of historical and political facts and consist in the following: as a result of internal and external identity crisis, the Republic of Turkey will either move to a new level, having determined its own way of development and preserving territorial integrity, or will face a large crisis.

Keywords: Davutoglu, JDP, Erdogan, Zero problems with neighbors, nationalism, crisis, identity, Turk, Yildirim, identification

Abstract: The subject of this research is the forms of interaction between the state and civil society at each stage of legal regulation of public relations, as well as conditions under which the law can be viewed as means of ensuring efficient interaction between them. The object is the public relations established between state and society in various spheres of social life. Special attention is given to the necessity of consolidation of public legislative initiative at the federal level, as well as the mechanism for its realization. For the purpose of formation of the legal foundation of interaction between state and civil society, the author suggest developing the Federal Law project “On the basis of interaction between state and society”, as well as defines the subject of legal regulation, addressees, and structural elements of the legislative bill. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the theoretical legal analysis of the forms of interaction between state and civil society at each stage of legal regulation of public relations, and examination of conditions under which the law ensures efficient interaction between state and civil society. The research is based on the analysis of legislation system and socio-political practice of the Russian Federation. The author concludes that to one or another extent, the law mediates public relations in all spheres of social life, because state and society cooperate due to the unity of social nature; under such conditions, the law becomes means of ensuring interaction between state and society at each state of legal regulation of public relations. Examination of law in this regard is justified by the maturity of legal consciousness of the citizens and generally high level of legal culture, as well as establishment and improvement of the normative legal foundation of cooperation between state and civil society.

Keywords: participation of citizens, legislative initiative, public expertise, legal regulation, law, cooperation, civil society, state, public activity, effeciency

Abstract: The subject of this research is the peculiarities of interpersonal and institutional trust indicators in six Russian regions. Trust is the main condition of establishment of social ties, enhance social harmony and maintain a significant cooperation of social institutions and groups. Maintaining the integrity of the society, sustainable social order is based on trust. The research of trust of people to each other, to government, to legal and public institutions contributes to the creation of more accurate idea of what existing in this area problems are priority. The research methodology is based on the principles of systematic and integrative approaches, allowing to consider the formation of trust in the formation of civil society. The primary data collection was done by a questionnaire in six Russian regions: the Altai Territory, the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Kemerovo Region, the Omsk Region, the Orenburg Region (total sample size amounted to n=2400, the age of the respondents was from 18 to 70 years). The novelty of the research is to obtain new data of state of institutional and interpersonal trust as a factor of formation of institutions of civil society in different socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the data obtained conclusions about the moderate level of generalized interpersonal trust in modern Russia were made. The social institutions with the highest trust level are the institution of presidency and the Russian army, the institutions with the lowest level are political parties. The trust level to the institutions of civil society is average. Among the studied regions, the highest levels of both interpersonal trust and confidence to social institutions were founded in the Jewish Autonomous Region, the lowest trust levels for many government entities and non-profit organizations are in the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Kemerovo Region and the Omsk region.

Keywords: level of trust, socioeconomic development, subjects of Russian Federation, social institutes, social capital, institutional trust, interpersonal trust, Trust, nonprofit organizations, civil society

Abstract: The subject of this research is the peculiarities of establishment of self-governance system in modern Russia. The authors meticulously examine the following aspects of the topic: key factors that conduce the dynamic in this process; factors of decentralization of government administration and redistribution of authorities at the local level. Special attention is given to analysis of the current stage of development of self-governance system at local level, substantiated by number of objective complications and insufficient study. Certain factors that impede the target maneuver towards evolution of the institutions of democracy at the level of local communities, lie within the framework of government authority and require immediate measures for activation of the reforms. The authors analyze the Anglo-Saxon, French, and mixed concepts of development of local self-governance. The determined trends allowed comprehensively examine the process of structuring of the local self-governance system in modern Russia. The results of the conducted research became the conclusions about the high-priority measures, theoretical and practical implementation of which within the state construction will contribute into development of the institutions of democratic society and the entire system of realization of the local self-governance.

Keywords: local authority, government authority, self-organization of citizens, democracy, government administration, local self-governance, market economy, elements of democracy, marginality, social networks

Abstract: The object of this research is the public relations associated with the constitutional-interpretational role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation within the national legal system. The article also examines the process of institutionalization by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation pf traditional family values within the framework of opposing to the established “gender-tolerant” social trend in the Western countries. The author provide the extensive sociological material that representatively reflects the relation of Russian citizens to various family questions of motherhood, fatherhood, and childhood. Examination of such sociological material integrates with the analysis of practice of the Constitutional Court. The scientific novelty consists in substantiation of presence of the traditional (conservative) value trend regarding family among the Russian citizens, as well as revelation of the mechanism of institutionalization of such trend by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Sociological data that confirm the proposed by the author hypothesis are of high of relevance and representation, and are yet to be analyzed from the perspective of science of the constitutional law.

Keywords: Gender equality, Traditional family, Constitutional values, Constitutional Court, Human rights, Democracy, Constitution of Russia, Same-sex marriages, Globalization, Modernity

Abstract: The object of research is process of clericalism in modern Russian society and the main features of clericalism as a theoretical mirovozzrencheskii and socio-political platform. The subject of this research is relevant in the socio-political space of modern Russia, the discussion on theological education and the possibility of philosophical synthesis on the basis of the ideological platforms of post-secularism. The author examines the relationship between teologiska and clericalism, tracing the deep ideological and historical roots of the latter. Special attention is paid to the possibility of theological education, which supporters proclaiming their ideological platform postsecular thinking, secretly are in positions of clericalism, thus trying under the guise of deepening social democracy to impose on society a "new middle ages".As methods of research used the historical-philosophical reconstruction, and cross-cultural analysis, inductive generalization and conclusions on the conditional-categorical syllogism, the formal-logical methods utanovleny volumetric relations between the concepts, definition and division concepts, methods, simulation, and thought experiment. The main conclusions of the research is a set of assertions that theological education based on ideological platform of clericalism, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific and non-scientific knowledge and, to some extent, the loss to science and philosophy of his heuristically-rational capacity and status. In the current modern domestic political and socio-cultural situation the task of the representative of both scientific and philosophical knowledge, perhaps, is that, armed with the "Occam's razor" to try to "clean up" the problem field of modern Russian social Sciences and Humanities from "multiplied" clericalism "entity" to prevent the danger of its transformation into the "new maid" of theology.

Keywords: postsecular thinking, secularization, scientific discourse, clericalism, the religious worldview, secular culture, Russian society, atheism, pantheism, ideological synthesis

Abstract: This article explores the definition of "club" in various historical periods of Russia: tsarist times, Soviet era, and post-Soviet time from the perspective of evolution of the notion – from self-organized cultural and leisure community towards specifically created club of loyal clients under the commercial organization for inciting the consumer activity. Studying the clubs and club activity, the author defines the possible spheres foe realization of creative potential of a particular person along with the possible vectors of their activity. Special attention is given to transformation of the notion and shift to the economic field in the XXI century. The recent 15 years manifested as the turning period for the Russian, as well as global society. The sequence of economic crises washed out the life orientations of a modern Russian, having originated the feeling of dismay and loneliness in this immense world. Under the conditions of social tension in modern Russia, special relevance gains the finding of place and role of a person within the micro-cultural space, as well as attainment of ability to realize their creative potential. The choice of clubs and their activity is not coincidental, as they belong to the historical sphere of daily life, where the reality manifests as a wholesome lifeworld of a person.

Keywords: public opinion, consumer, club's member, environment, leisure, club organizations, club activity, clubs, communication link, ideology