Abstract: The subject of this research is the institution of the death penalty as a specific tool against terrorism in the modern legal landscape. The authors conduct a comprehensive analysis of the legal nature of the highest measure of punishment and its application to terrorism-related crimes, considering this institution of criminal law in the context of international human rights standards and national legal systems. Central attention is given to the key contradiction between the necessity of protecting society from terrorist threats and the obligations to uphold fundamental individual rights. Special emphasis is placed on the study of international legal standards and their relationship with national legal systems, including the Russian legal specificity with its current moratorium and discussions about its possible revision. The analysis covers both normative aspects and the practical application of relevant provisions, allowing for the identification of contemporary trends in the development of anti-terrorism legislation. The work presents a comparative analysis of law enforcement practices in various countries, including those that maintain the death penalty (Iran, the USA, China) and those that have abolished it (EU), as well as an analysis of foreign legislation, judicial practices, and statistical methods. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a comprehensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of the death penalty as a means of combating terrorism, based on an analysis of contemporary legal trends and criminological data. The authors examine the issue of judicial errors in terrorism cases for the first time through the lens of the specifics of anti-terrorist activities, where a lack of information is combined with the necessity for prompt responses. The analysis conducted allows for the conclusion that an effective anti-terrorism policy should be based on a balanced combination of strict punitive measures with preventive programs and international cooperation. In this regard, the adherence to legal guarantees and humanitarian principles takes on special significance, which is particularly relevant in the context of discussions about the application of exceptional punitive measures. For further research, a promising direction will be the development of quantitative methods for assessing the impact of alternative penal measures on the level of terrorist threats, as well as the analysis of social and economic factors contributing to radicalization. This will allow for a shift in the discussion of the death penalty to the realm of empirically justified decisions.

Keywords: anti-terrorist policy, legal systems, criminal punishment, human rights, international law, terrorism, humanization of punishment, death penalty, countering terrorism, moratorium

Abstract: The article is devoted to certain issues related to the process of legal regulation of internal affairs bodies activities aimed at prevention of extremism manifestations on the wide area network. The author analyzes internal and federal laws and regulations and offers measures to improve legal regulation of internal affairs bodies activities aimed at prevention of extremism manifestations on the Internet. The author also touches upon specific features of legal regulation of the aforesaid activity and defines pluses and minuses of legal regulation of internal affairs bodies activities in this sphere. The subject of the research is the legal acts regulating activity undertaken by internal affairs bodies in order to prevent and fight extremism. The methodological research basis includes dialectical materialism and general research methods based upon it such as analysis, synthesis, comparison and other methods used in legal sciences. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that for the first time in the academic literature the author covers the issues that may help to improve activity undertaken by internal affairs bodies to prevent and fight extremism manifestations on the wide area network. As a result of the research, the author has analyzed international and federal legal acts and offered measures to improve legal regulation of internal affairs bodies activities aimed at prevention of extremism on the Internet. 

Keywords: wide area network, mass media, information security, vulnerability, social security, counteraction, internal affairs bodies, legal regulation, extremism, Internet

Abstract: The article is devoted to institutional grounds for the suppression of the financing of terrorism in the European Union. The author of the article describes the reasons of creation of Eurojust in the EU as well as targets and scope of activities of agency. The author also considers coordinating functions of Europol and the reasons of creation of that agency as well. Special attention is paid at analyzing the scope of activities conducted by the European Police Office (Europol) and European agency of justice (Eurojust) in the sphere of the suppression of the financing of terrorism. The author also describes the process of cooperation between Europol and the Russian Federation on the matter of prevention, detention, suppression and investigation of crime including terrorism and financing of terrorism. The author provides a detailed description of Europol actions on fighting with terrorism and pays special attention at the suppression of the financing of terrorism. The author also describes activities carried out by the operating unit of Europol that consists of representatives of different national security services. The Council of the Ministers coordinate actions between Europol, Eurojust and Operative unit. The author of the article also makes suggestions on how the European legislation system could have been improved.

Keywords: European Union, cooperation, crime, suppression, trans-national, Europol, Eurojust, terrorism, financing, counteraction

Abstract: The authors of the present article view legislation of foreign states in the sphere of fight against terrorism. The authors analyze provisions of the anti-terrorism Conventions created in the USA, Japan, CIS, Europe and Central Asian States. The authors underline the important of creating international Programs on prevention, discovery, suppression and investigation of acts of terrorism in different countries. The global community pays much attention at creating the legislative framework of fighting against terrorism and extremism. The authors of the prsent article offer a classification of types and forms of terrorism. They describe each type and offer different classifications of terrorism depending on the method of producing affect on objects, the weapon and the environment where acts of terrorism happen. According to the authors, it is necessary to determine a particular type or form of terrorism in order to establish adequate measures on investigation, prevention and suppression of such acts of terrorism. Despite the fact that terrorism as an international phenomenon has appeared not so long ago, the global community has already accumulated much experience in the sphere of legal regulation of fighting against terrorism.

Keywords: terrorism, extremism, classification of forms of terrorism, bioterrorism, cyberterrorism, law, confession, convention, fundamentalism, Al-Qaeda