Citations count: 16
Reference:
Zipunnikova N., Zipunnikova Y. —
Juridical education as an intersection of law, culture, interests of individuals, society and state (thoughts prompted by the new edition of “Yaschuk T. F. Juridical education in the highest school: textbook. – Omsk: Publisher Om. Gos. Un-ta, 2014. – 312 p.”)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 508 - 534.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.15659 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15659
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Abstract:
In this article the author reviews the textbook by T. F. Yaschuk “Juridical education in the highest school”, in which the author examines historical, theoretical, comparative, and applied aspects of preparing juridical personnel. An assessment is given to the phenomenon of European university with law faculty, traditions of Russian juridical education, as well the difficulties of realization of the positions of Bologna process. The author notes the positive aspects of studying foreign experience in the area of highest juridical education, and demonstrates the special significance of state regulation of preparation of jurists and social-state partnership in this sphere. Accent is made on the importance of theoretical analysis of didactical problems within the highest juridical school, as well as new requirements set before the scientific-pedagogical staff. The broadness of the spectrum of problems presented by T. F. Yaschuk contributes to the more objective, panoramic vision of the state and benefits of development of the highest juridical education. Such approach prompts reasoning on the trends of development of the system of education of professional juridical personnel in the conditions of globalization, making this work useful not only for master’s degree seekers, post-graduate students, and educators of juridical disciplines, but also to specialists in the theory and history of juridical education.
Citations count: 9
Reference:
Roshchevskaya L.P. —
Geneticist P.F. Rokitsky in the history of the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1949-1957)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 105 - 121.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23255 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23255
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Abstract:
The subject of the research is scientific and scientific-organizational activity of the well-known geneticist P.F. Rokitsky in the years of forced stay in Syktyvkar in 1949-1957. The earlier unknown facts allow revealing the scale and nature of his project, pedagogical, educational and scientific-editorial activities. His influence on the formation and development of the Komi research team of the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences is demonstrated. The author examines these facts of the biography of the scientist as participation in the development of several large complex scientific problems, including the organization of work on radiobiology. Methodological basis of the research is the basic principles of modern historical science – historicism and scientific objectivity, as well as scientific methods: source analysis and synthesis, description, the construction of analogies. The main contribution of the author consists in finding out the objective results of P. F. Rokitsky activities with regards to development of the team of the Komi – branch of the USSR, from the perspective of sociology of science. Based on the archive documents the author first analyzed the energetic scientific and organizational and pedagogical activities of P. F. Rokitsky in the Komi branch of the USSR. Identified data prove that the P. F. Rokitsky very quickly got high authority in the team. He made a significant contribution to the study of animal husbandry in the Komi ASSR and the formation of radiobiological research. The study of the documents of the Scientific Archive of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences allowed to find several large unpublished work by P. F. Rokitsky. Practically, P. F. Rokitsky encouraged Syktyvkar research team towards the "production of knowledge" that allows demonstrating the social position and role of the scientist.
Citations count: 8
Reference:
Egorov N.Y. —
Russian police science in persons: Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 801 - 812.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16396 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16396
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov (1849-1929); establishment and evolution of his state legal views; Tarasov’s concepts in the area of domestic administration of the Russian Empire. The article gives characteristics to the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police and administrative law, as well as I. T. Tarasov’s outlook upon the problems of law enforcement activity, the essence of administrative enforcement, as well as the prospects of establishment of the institution of administrative justice in Russia. Scientific novelty consists first and foremost in the fact that complex problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretica-legal heritage of I. T. Tarasov has not been executed within the historical legal science until today. I. T. Tarasov not only determines the problems of the domestic government administration, which found reflection in his works, but also proposed ways and means for their solution. Scholar’s works significantly affected the development of the Russian jurisprudence of the late XIX-early XX centuries and remain relevant under the modern circumstances.
Citations count: 7
Reference:
Kozinnikova E. —
Russian police science in persons: Vladimir Matveevich Gessen
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 96 - 107.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17901 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17901
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the prominent Russian jurist of the late XIX – early XX century – Vladimir Matveevich Gessen (1868-1920). The article characterizes the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of legal state, as well as examines Gessen’s views upon the importance of transition from the police state to legal state and correlation between the notions of “legal state” and “constitutional state”. The author also reviews Gessen’s outlook upon parliamentarism as the key factor of establishment of the legal state; administrative position of justice as the assurance of adherence to the subjective public rights; and ideas about the security of a person as a component of national security. The subject and method of the research, as well as the positioning of the research problem define the scientific novelty. An attempt is made of the problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist V. M. Gessen; this topic has not been subjected to comprehensive analysis until the present time.
Citations count: 7
Reference:
Gevorkian D.S. —
Russian police science in persons: Vladimir Fedorovich Deryuzhinsky
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 813 - 827.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16395 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16395
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Vladimir Fedorovich Deryuzhinsky (1861-1920); establishment and evolution of his state legal views; realization of the developed by him concepts in the area of improving the regulation of public relations in the early XX century. This article characterizes the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police (administrative) law, his outlook upon the problems of realization of the social function of the government, as well as on the questions of care about poor and prevention of the behavior deviation. The author attempts the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of V. F. Deryuzhinsky, which did not have a place within the historical-legal science until today. The study of Deryuzhinsky’s experience and public activity can encourage the search for the effective solutions to the problems of social control over the deviations within the public life, as well as the development of optimal models of prevention of such problem of society in the modern world.
Citations count: 7
Reference:
Shamparov A.I. —
About Numbers, Literally
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 78 - 103.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.1.8117 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=8117
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Abstract:
The article presents the results of the research of a problem of the invention of the Cyrillic alphabet – contains the short historical background, analyzes a graphic component of a phenomenon of formation of alphabetic and tsifirny writing in Russia and offers and illustrates the version differing from existing by completeness and visual unambiguity.The version gives the exact answer to a question: why our letters on the tracing the such. It reveals that circumstance that graphemes of letters and figures are related, and so, there is a right to believe one phenomenon generation and development of another. Making a start from the fact of minimization of a set of elements of any digital sign and the general completeness of a digital row as closed system, the version determines tsifirny graphemes by legislative base (style) in logic of construction new, alphabetic. Using a priority, most extended, duodecimal digital order as shows research, inventors of the alphabet designed a sign for a necessary sound and their necessary quantity by means of the minimum transformations of graphemes to the affiliated. I fell work of creation of three new, truly Russian signs to lot of authors of Cyrillics; value of the last in many respects key, and in article about it is told separately. Authors knew or opened for itself a code of the European alphabets, - a question insignificant and not large-scale in the light of globality of consequences carried out by them. It is important to us who in many respects have lost communication with meanwhile, to be sure that the creation of the minds which have created so perfect system, - and Cyrillics certainly such is, - isn't inexplicable spontaneous, but on the contrary: in each detail it is reasonable, logical, strong.
The method, in a popular statement of research a little polemic, occurs from that circumstance that interest to so important problem didn't lead while to clear idea of it though to permission her experts of the different directions there is many approach attempts. The offered material by definition and also because touches on issues of history of creation of the Latin directly connected with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet, can't have any accurately outlined and, especially, limited address or quantitative audience. Reference of this subject to sections of Historical researches or Pedagogics and educations will be also pertinent, as well as to the section Culture and art.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Kozinnikova E. —
State of exception as special legal regime (experience of analysis of the normative acts and works of police scientists of the Russian Empire of the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 87 - 95.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.22543 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22543
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the special legal regime established in the Russian Empire in the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century that was entitled as the state of exception by the police scientists. The author analyzes the normative act, based on which was functioning the state of exception – “Ordinance on Measures for the Preservation of the State Order and Public Tranquility” of 14 August 1881. State of exception is characterized as the means of neutralization of the emergency sociopolitical situation and political preventative measures of revolutionary threat to the existing government structure. The article determines the contribution of the Russian police science into development of the theory of special regimes. The author provides characteristics to the legal norms that manifest as the foundation for imposing the state of exception in the Russian Empire of the indicated timeframe, as well as identifies the differences between the positions of increased security and special security. Attention is given to the analysis of the works of Russian police scientist V. M. Gessen, who provides characteristic to the essence and meaning of the state of exception, as well as assessment of the results of imposing the positions of increased security and special security in the Russian Empire. A conclusion is made that the long-term use of the special regime as the means of neutralization of the emergency sociopolitical situation and political preventative measures is not efficient.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
Russian police science in persons: Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 828 - 843.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16389 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16389
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts (1860-1830). This article gives characteristics to the contribution of the scholar into the development of theory of the police (administrative) law and reviews his outlook upon the regularities of transition from police law to administrative law, upon the problem of determination of methodological foundations of the science of administrative law and its systematization. The author examines E. D. Berendts’ ideas on the regularities of evolution of the system of government authorities, as well as efficiency of the work of the central and local administration and peculiarities of functioning of the government apparatus of Finland as a constituent of the Russian Empire. The author attempts a promplematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theroretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist E. N. Berendts, which until the current times was not subjected to the comprehensive analysis.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Chukaev T.O. —
Russian police science represented by: Vasily Nikolaevich Leshkov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 84 - 95.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17909 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17909
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritages of the renowned Russian legal expert of the XIX century – Vasily Nikolaevich Leshkov (1810-1881); establishment and evolution of Leshkov’s state-legal views, as well as his theory of public law. The article gives characteristics to the scholar’s contribution into the development of the theory of police (administrative) law, views upon the peculiarities of the Russian national legal system, essence of the Russian foundations of law, and mechanism of regulation of public relations. The subject and method of research, as well as positioning of the research problem define the scientific novelty. The author makes an attempt of the problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of the Russian police scientist V. N. Leshkov, focusing attention on his study of the questions regarding the role of society within the system of government administration. Until the present time Leshkov’s theoretical heritage did not undergo complex analysis, as the formulated by the scholar concepts did lose their relevance.
Citations count: 6
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
E. N. Berendts on police status in the police and legal state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 149 - 161.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21066 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21066
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the accomplished Russian legal expert of the late XIX – early XX century, professor of financial law – Eduard NIkolaevich Berendts (1860-1930). Special attention is given to the views of E. N. Berendts upon the police status, place of police within the mechanism of police state, role of the police agencies in the legal state; importance of the Constitution in ensuring and adherence to the legitimacy in the process of realization by the police of its main functions. The scientific novelty is defined by the absence within the Russian and foreign legal science of the comprehensive research dedicated to the theoretical heritage of E. N. Berendts. The author uses the works of the scholar that have not been previously translated into the Russian language, as well as the archive materials originally introduced into the scientific discourse. The work is the first to examine the views of E. N. Berendts upon the role and place of the police in the legal state, importance of the normative consolidation of the powers of police officers, role of the Constitution in regulation of the police activity in legal state.
Citations count: 5
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Omnipotence of the police state in assessment of the Russian police science
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 67 - 86.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24883 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24883
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the theoretical heritage of the Russian police scientists, who assumed that the police stat will be able to reach such level of socioeconomic development that an individual will not experience any material or spiritual needs. The essence of the police state was not reduced to compulsion or violence. At the same time, the implementation of the project of police state, the achievements of which became the lack of freedom and personal sacrifice to the state for the sake of the common good, practically led the society to stagnation. The article examines the ideas of the Russian police scientists, which encouraged the emergence of a new outlook upon the purpose of the state that consisted in providing triumph in the legal state, ensuring each one with the sphere of personal freedom, and restricting omnipotence of the state with legal norms. The author gives characteristics to the Russian police-legal thought in the context of analyzing the omnipotence (supreme power) of the police state. Theoretical construct of the police stat was built in accordance with the desire to make life on each individual decent, as well as achieve common good and national happiness. In practice, the means for achieving the goal of the police state consisted in development of the all-encompassing police activity, exhaustive regulation of people’s life, meticulous oversight by government agencies of the needs and interests of the citizens. Theory of the police state has an important historical meaning: within its framework has begun the process of comprehending the questions regarding the limitation of omnipotence of the police state and determination of the effective means of preservation and protection of personal rights and freedoms.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Dyemina Y.V. —
Modern national historiography of famine of 1891-1892
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 85 - 94.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.4.25810 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25810
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the opinions and assessments, main vectors and achievements of the modern Russian scholars on separate aspects of examination of famine of 1891-1892: factors, scale, demographic consequences, role of nonprofit organizations and government in elimination of aftermath of the famine, questions of food supply of the population. The object of this research is the entirety of the published historiographical sources on the topic, including scientific articles, synopses, dissertations and monographs. The author notes that at the turn of 1990-2000’s were determined the new vectors of research on the debatable questions of famine of 1891-1892; the “archival fever” of the late 1990’s expanded the problematic of examination of famine and complemented the research frame with new sources. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a comprehensive scientific analysis of the views of modern national historians regarding the debatable questions of famine of 1891-1892. In the course of this work, an attempt was made to systematize the recent scientific results of the national scholars on the problems of famine of 1891-1892. The analysis of scientific works allowed concluding on the low attention of the modern Russian agrarian historians towards the territorial peculiarities of famine; primarily are studied the agricultural regions of Russia. At the present time there is a lack of extensive and fundamental studies of the Russian scholars on the problem of famine.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Shapkina E.A. —
Modern Russian and Foreign Internet Resources of Official Archives as a Source for Studying History of the Russian State of the Late XXth - Early XXIst Centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 1.
– P. 18 - 35.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.1.13750 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13750
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Abstract:
Researches of Russian history of the 'epoch of changes' are rather difficult as a result of insufficient theory and methodology as well as paradoxical features of the database which is insufficient, having many gaps and at the same time excessive. Taking into account that the breakdown of the USSR and development of a new Russian state were the key processes of that period, one of the most important sources of information about those events are official documents of state authorities. The subject of the present research is the analysis and evaluation of Russian and foreign official Internet archive resources as a source for studying history of the Russian statehood of the late XXth - early XXIst centuries. To achieve the research objectives the author has applied the systems, comparative-historical, comparative-legal, structural-functional approaches and methods of induction, formalisation, systematisation and other analytical methods. The author has analyzed the largest Russian Internet archives as well as a number of foreign resources containing original digital documents on history of the USSR and Russia of the late XXth - early XXIst centuries and concludes that these digital resources have a great potential and high scientific value as a source of original historical information.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Dergileva S.Y. —
Russian police science in persons: Arkadiy Ivanovich Elistratov
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 844 - 859.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16394 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16394
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Arkadiy Ivanovich Elistratov (1872-1955); the establishment and evolution of his state legal outlooks; his vews upon the essence of the government administration; realization of the developed by A. I. Elistratov projects of government reformations in the Russian state in the early XX century; assessment of the A. I. Elistratov views by the contemporaries and the scholars of the XXI century. For the first time within the historical legal science, the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of A. I. Elistratov is carried out. There is no possible way to form the new approaches towards the fundamental problems of the legal theory without taking into account the creative heritage of the prominent Russian jurists, among which is A. I. Elistratov. His works represent such scientific potential that can contribute into determination of the vectors of the state legal development of Russia, as well as the development of the modern juridical science towards the consolidation of the priority of human rights, and recognition of their leading role in modernization of the legal system of the nation.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Methodology of historical-legal source studies: goal orientations, functional focus, level of organization of cognitive resources
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 67 - 80.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28474 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28474
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Abstract:
This article presents the original perspective on the fundamental problems of understanding of goal orientations, functional designation, and methodological structure of the historical-legal source studies. Leaning on the general philosophical comprehension of methodology and the approaches towards definition of methodology in the historical source studies and legal science, the author focuses attention of the place, role and peculiarities of methodology as the tool for studying the carries of state legal information. Attention is also given to the overall arrangement of methodological material based on determining the levels as the model of specialized historiographical methodological knowledge. The five levels-subsystems of methodology of studying the carriers of state legal information are described: methodological principles, methodological approaches, specific scientific methods, methods and technique of research. The scientific novelty of this article consists in the fact that its materials are aimed at generalization and systematization of theoretical knowledge of methodology of the historical-legal source studies as a system of knowledge, cognitive coordinated and instrumental foundation for studying the types and varieties of information carries on the history of state and law.
Citations count: 4
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Russian police science: main stages of its establishment and development
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 764 - 786.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16493 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16493
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the main stages of establishment and development of the Russian police science. Taking into account the fact that theoretical heritage of the Russian police scientists until present times preserves the ability to enrich the legal science and encourage the search for optimal solutions of the modern problems, the complex analysis of the Russian police science will allow using its scientific potential to a full extent. The author gives characteristics to the three stages of the establishment and development of the police-legal theory in Russia during the period of XVII-early XX centuries. Names of the prominent Russian police scientists and their major work are being analyzed. The author conducts a historiographical review of this topic. The desire to determine the dynamics and historical prospect of development of the ideas of the Russian police scientists on state and law, requires structuring this research based on the principle of historicism. The author characterizes the concept of the police state, legal state, social state, as well as the concept of public-legal relations in the area of government administration developed by the Russian police scientist in the late XIX and the early XX centuries.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Sushkov A.V., Bedel A.E., P'yankov S.A. —
Industry of luxurious life: to the question on corruption relationships of the Ural party-state leadership and economic organizations in the 1930’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 8.
– P. 69 - 88.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.8.30518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30518
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the corruption practices among the party and economic leadership in the Ural Region during the Soviet industrialization period of 1930’s. Based on the documents of party control bodies, the article examines the facts of misappropriation of funds and material resources. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the attempt to profoundly understand the causes of repressions of the 1930’s pertaining to regional government and big economic executives. The newly introduced into the scientific discourse historical sources allow clarifying the information on the factors affecting the delays in construction of a number of large industrial plants, as well as housing for workers and amenities in the industrial centers of Ural Region. The descriptive method allowed demonstrating the details of corruption relationships between the party leadership and executives of industrial plants. The historical-genetic method allowed reconstructing and specifying the circumstances of disruption in the construction of a number of important industrial objects, as well as clarifying the reasons of severe living conditions of the employees of large industrial construction projects of the Ural Region during the industrialization period. The novelty of this article consists in conducting a special scientific research dedicated to the corruption relationships between party nomenclatura and economic leaders. The conclusion is made that the unlawful actions of economic and party leadership contradicted the proclaimed by the Soviet propaganda image of a communist, ideas of equality and justice, inflicted irreparable reputational damage, and discredited the Soviet government system overall.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Fetyukov F.V. —
Historical types of cooperation between the civil society and the government
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.2.18360 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18360
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the legal relations established between the civil society and the government in various spheres of social life. The subject is of the historical types of cooperation between the civil society and the government. Based on the analysis of scientific data about the regularities of cooperation between the civil society and the government in the XIX – beginning of XXI centuries, the author determined and examines two historical types of such cooperation: “social contract” and “social dependence”. At the same time, the author focuses attention on the flaws of the reviewed types and their inapplicability on the modern stage of development of the public relations. Scientific novelty consists in typification of collaboration between the civil society and the government in the XIX – the beginning of XXI centuries, as well as in substantiation of the conclusion about the current inapplicability of such historical types as “social contract” and “social dependency”. The main conclusion consists in the fact that in the foundation of such cooperation on the main state of development of the public relations lies the idea of dialogue communication, which allows expecting the mutual understanding and satisfaction of interests of both, the civil society, and the government.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Aksarin V.V. —
Settlements of the Ostyako-Vogulsky National District in the 1930s : Number and Typology.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 71 - 81.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.39041 EDN: EHSSYN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39041
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the settlement network of the Ostyako-Vogul National District of the Omsk region, the object is spatial placement, number, typology, size (by the number of inhabitants) its localities. In addition, the influence of natural-geographical, socio-economic and other conditions for the development of the network of settlements was taken into account. The sources for the study of the settlement network were the documents of the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE) introduced into scientific circulation for the first time: materials of the Central Statistical Office under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, lists of populated places indicating the population according to the All-Union Census of 1939 in the Ostyako-Vogul National District. The work used historical-comparative, historical-typological, statistical research methods, as well as methods of graphical representation of the data obtained. Analysis, comparison and critical approach allowed us to consider the process of development of the settlement network in the studied district. Reference to the historical experience of the settlement network of the national district will contribute to the replenishment of data on the history of the regional settlement system. For the first time, a quantitative analysis of the structure of settlements showed the predominance in the typology of the settlement network of yurts, villages, settlements, the presence of a small number of villages. The size of villages of different types in the district is determined. Thus, the number of inhabitants of yurts averaged 35 people, villages – 85, settlements – 482, villages – 892.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
Evolution and establishment of judicial administration in Soviet Russia (1917-1922)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 9.
– P. 31 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.9.22622 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22622
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the stage of organization of the Soviet courts, formation and evolution of the Soviet judicial administration, which had attracted and continues to attract the attention of many scholars. There has been written fairly large amount of articles, books, monographs, and theses dedicated to the events of this time, which ended with the establishment of both, the new political and new judicial systems. However, the official ideology and practice of the Soviet state construction that initially rejected the idea of separation of powers as alien and bourgeois, due to which the court throughout the entire Soviet period did not receive the true independence, left a mark upon all social phenomena, including science to a certain extent. Therefore, multiple works in the area of examination of the establishment of Soviet judicial system and judicial administration, were ideologically tendentious, referred to the extensive circle of communist and propagandistic literature, as well as accessible to public archive materials that favorably characterized the Soviet structure. The author introduces the original point of view on the complicated process of destruction of the old imperial judicial system and creation of the drastically new judicial apparatus alongside the apparatus of judicial administration until the Judiciary Reform of 1922. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that through the prism of state policy in the context of transformations, realized by the Soviet government in judicial sphere, the article demonstrates the establishment of the judicial administration. Based on the generalization of the existing research and published, but not introduced into the scientific discourse archive sources, the work formulates and substantiates the origins, political legal nature of judicial administration applicable to a particular stage of the political legal development of Russia (1917-1922).
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Akhatov A.T. —
Historical and archeological study of the village Tekeyevo of the XVIII century (using the materials of expedition to Salavatsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2017)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 11.
– P. 80 - 91.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.11.27991 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27991
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Abstract:
This article presents the results of field studies of the archeological expedition by R. G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Studies of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted in 2017 to territory of Salavatsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The object of this research is the no longer existing village of Tekeyevo – birthplace of the Bashkir national hero Salawat Yulayev and his father Yulay Aznalin, one of the leader of Peasant’s War of 1773-1775; the village was burned in 1775 after suppression of the rebellion. The author applied comprehensive approach based on interlinking the existing written, cartographic and ethnographic materials, which characterize location area of the village of Tekeyevo in the past, with the results of archeological studies. Archeological reconnaissance conducted for determining the localization of the village of Tekeyevo revealed certain discrepancy between the archeological data and sources of the allied scientific disciplines. Despite this fact, the analogous comprehensive research of the Bashkir localities of the late Middle Ages and Modern Age should be continued in the future, helping to address a wide variety of questions associated with examination of culturogenesis of the Bashkirs and other peoples of the region as a whole.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A. —
Sarajevo Crisis: Lessons of the First World War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 37 - 52.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11459 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11459
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Abstract:
It has been one hundred years since the beginning of the First World War and both historians and all who concern about the past are again interested in the lessons of the First World War. Despite the well known opposition of the two military alliances, the war was quite unexpected by most of regular population. Yet, the war was first perceived as something elated or grandiose. The murderer of the heir presumptive to the Austria-Hungarian throne Franz Ferdinand followed by the Sarajevo crisis led to the global conflict and the crisis of all European civilizations. Based on the memories of the eyewitnesses, feature materials and archive documents, the author of the article re-enact circumstances that led to the murderer in Sarajevo and event afterwards. According to the author of the article, the spiritual crisis of the European civilization was the true reason of the world conflict. The society was inevitably coming to that and encouraged by military and political leaders. Almost all governments of the leading European countries were interested in Franz Ferdinant's death. They wanted to change the situation in the world but need an official reason to take actions.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Nilogov A.S. —
Scientific verification of Khakassian genealogical lore: from mytho- and ethno-genealogy to DNA-genealogy
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 57 - 65.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.1.29539 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29539
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Abstract:
This article explores the problem of scientific verification of the Khakassian genealogical lore. Such variations as mytho-genealogical ethno-genealogical and oral can be determined among them from typological perspective. Using the example of oral tradition on the ancestry of Domozhakovs family, the author examines the question of establishment of authenticity through application of the new genealogical methods, The most recent DNA genealogical methods allow objectifying a specific genealogical lore, which is impossible to verify using the approaches of classical genealogy. This refers to DNA-testing of contemporary representatives trough the patrilineal ancestry. The article applies such methods as analytical, genealogical, linguistic, descriptive, paleographic, synthetic, comparative, and heuristic. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the author is first to propose a systemic research approach on verification of Khakassian genealogical lore, including different levels of genealogical verification: crossover verba;, archival-documental, and DNA-genealogical. Viability of the latter scientific method would allow pursuing correlation between the legendary primogenitors and actual biological ancestors.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Khasanova M. —
Cultural cooperation of Russia and Belarus in the post-Soviet space
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 68 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23310 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23310
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to examination of the aspects of cultural cooperation of Russia and Belarus at the present stage as a foundation for profound integration. The goal of the research lies in determining the type, features, and factors of the development of Russia-Belarus cooperation in the area of culture as a foundation contributing into the integration of both nations within the particular historical context in the late XX – early XXI centuries. The need for studying the intercultural differences is indicated. Relevance of researching the interaction between Russia and Belarus in the area of culture is caused by the dynamically developing sociocultural and political situation in modern Europe and the world in the conditions of globalization. An attempt is made to understand to what extent and by which means the culture conduces integration or disintegration of the state. The article considers various options and prospect for Russia-Belarus cultural cooperation. The author introduces into the scientific discourse newest documents pertaining to the Russia-Belarus relations, as well as analysis all major joint cultural events.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Shamak S.A. —
Nature, social meaning, and elements of state – the subject of theoretical legal research of E. N. Berendts
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 96 - 111.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24073 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24073
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the updated part of theoretical legal heritage of the prominent Russian lawyer of the late XIX – early XX century Eduard Nikolayevich Berendts (1860-1830). Main attention is dedicated to the views of E. N. Berendts upon the nature, meaning, and elements of state, its goals and possibilities of their implementation, as well as problems of transitioning from the police state to legal. The author also turns attention to the essence of the state’s legal nature considered by E. N. Berendts. In analyzing the historical sources and archival documents, the author applied the historical-legal method, which allowed acquiring the knowledge about the events and drawing the corresponding theoretical conclusions. The scientific reconstruction of the past helped comprising a maximally full representation about the problem at hand within the timeframe and space. The portrait-individualizing method combines the chronological and problem-theoretical approaches, which revealed the individual distinctness of the scholar’s views upon the state and law, as well as determine the issues that on one hand connected the life and creative paths of E. N. Berendts, dynamics of the ideological struggle and intellectual creativity with the results, while on the other – manifested as the specific historical milestone of cognition. The scientific novelty is defined by the lack of comprehensive research dedicated to the theoretical heritage of E. N. Berendts within the Russian and foreign juridical science. The author used the previously untranslated into the Russian language works of the scholar and introduces them into the scientific discourse for the first time.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
The main directions of the party-state policy of the USSR in the field of judicial administration (1970-1980)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 121 - 139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14134 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14134
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Abstract:
The subject of the study are the main directions of the party-state policy of the USSR in the field of judicial administration in the period from 1970 to 1980. This period is characterized by Counterreform state legal reforms conducted from mid 1950 to mid-1960. Overall, despite the controversial transformation in the life of Soviet society associated with this historical period, there were significant and represented one of the most important periods in the history of the Soviet Union in terms of modernization. The author shows that subsequent changes in the party and the government led to a partial return of the administrative-command model of judicial control characteristic of the Stalin era.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Okhota V.S. —
Organization of the food service for civilians of a base city during the wartime (on the example of Krasnoyarsk)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 138 - 143.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.2.24438 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24438
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to examination of the questions of organization of public food service in Krasnoyarsk. The period of Great Patriotic War marked the intensification of centralization in planning, allocation of state resources, expansion of food service for the workers. However, the sphere of public food service has experienced certain problems. The subject of this research is the analysis of organization of food service for civilian of a base city during the wartime on the example of Krasnoyarsk. Special attention is given to the emerging problems and methods of their resolution in the indicated sphere. Methodological foundation is the theory of modernization transition. The review of archival documents demonstrated that the provision of food product and durable goods to the population, as well as organization of public food service of a base city during the wartime, turned out to be a task of immense complexity, thus required immediate solution. As a result of analysis, it was determined the for solution of the aforementioned problem were established the allowance rates; government structures, production companies, nongovernmental organization, and population itself were enlisted in organization of provision. Besides the already existing canteen facilities for employees and dietetic refectories, were added the canteen facilities for civil servants, children, students, families of war veterans, evacuated civilians, and disabled veterans of the Great Patriotic War. The conducted research underlines that the experience of different countries marks the intensification of government intervention into the economy at the time of social instability during the war. The distributive form of relationship between the government and population has established in the country. Action of the local government authorities on expanding and improving the public food service chain during the war period, played an important role in prevention of mass famine.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Yunina E.A. —
Military daily life of 1941-1945 in epistolary documents of the Siberian combatants
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 11.
– P. 65 - 100.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.11.30885 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30885
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Abstract:
Through the analysis of epistolary documents, the author determines the information component of letters and perception of war by the Siberian combatants: weekdays and holidays in the field, adaptation behavioral strategies, emotional state, and transformation of mindset. The work is based on application of the techniques of military psychology, history of everyday life, historical-anthropological approach and text analysis. The sphere of personal human experiences are analyzed in the context of extreme conditions for the first time. The novelty of this work is defined by introducing into the scientific discourse of a complex of epistolary documents from the family archives of Tobolsk residents, which have not been previously subjected to scientific analysis. The specificity of communicative process, generation of information, emotional coloring of epistles directly depended on situational factors and addressing of correspondence; receiving a letter became the key event within the realm of daily life in the front. The attributes of soldierly letters contained consolation of relatives, recommendations on maintaining the household in case of death of the combatants, description of life in the field, recreation culture. In the atmosphere of potential danger to life, took place the process of reassessment of the fundamental human values, formation of views on the nature of war, personal aspects of its perception. These problems were solved based on the level of education, professional and social affiliation, intellectual capabilities of the addressers. The adjustment to military reality was accompanied by the negative form of stress, development of the habit to extreme existence. The form of written communication allowed realizing intra-familial socio-demographic role common to the traditional binary gender system. The distinct peculiarity of Tobolsk soldier consisted in understanding of spiritual connection with birthplace; the sense of compatriotism became much stronger.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Grigor'eva O.G. —
International legal cooperation of USSR on civil affairs during the period of 1922-1956
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 86 - 101.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.19064 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19064
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the genesis of the international legal cooperation of USSR with foreign countries on civil affairs during the period of 1922-1956. Based on the international agreements and treaties, as well as other international legal acts of the Soviet Union, the author reconstructs a historical picture of interaction between the competent authorities of the Soviet State and a number of foreign countries in providing the legal support on civil affairs, including collection of the alimony payments to minors, inheritance, custody, etc. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the work uses the materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, which have been introduced for the first time into the scientific circulation. Among these materials is the diplomatic correspondence, agreements between the Soviet Union and other foreign countries, and others. During the course of this research, the author uses a historical method, which allows analyzing the examined legal phenomenon in dynamics, as well demonstrate its interconnection with the existed public relations and events that took place in the global arena during the aforementioned period of time.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Kenya I.A. —
Charity in Terms of Socio-Economic Development of Russia: Legal and Regional Aspects
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 149 - 164.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.3.789 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=789
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Abstract:
The article is devoted to the history of Russian charity in terms of its legal regulation by means of the following sources of law: decrees, charters, transitory provisions, circular orders. The author of the article describes stages of development of charity activity in Russian history before the Revolution as well as different forms of charity activity including private, social, local, church charity and donations of the Tsar family. The author also views the process of state regulation of charity activity performed by charity associations in the XIX - early XX centuries. The author analyzes the reasons of such a wide spread of charity in Russia at the end of the XIX - beginning of the XX centuries as well. Regional aspects are presented by famous charity providers of the Bryansk district in Orlovsky province such as S. Maltsev, P. Gubonin, the Mogiltsevs and the Tenishevs. The author also describes their contribution not only to the socio-cultural development of the Bryansk region but Russian charity in general. The author also discusses how to revive charity traditions in modern Russia.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Smykalin A.S. —
Details on the thesis PhD Candidate of Historical Sciences - Kuz'minykh A.L.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 241 - 258.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14188 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14188
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Review is dedicated to prisoners of war in the Soviet Union in 1939 - 1956 years. The huge scale of hostilities led to the emergence of a large number of prisoners whose legal status has not been resolved. In the thesis the author considers mode, the contents of prisoners of war and other living conditions.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Suroven' D.A. —
To a question of chronology of the establishing of Yamato dynasty and reign sovereign Jimmu
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 136 - 220.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.14752 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14752
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In this article, data of Japanese sources on East campaign the sovereign Jimmu and the establishing of a Yamato dynasty and state in the Central Japan in comparison to results of archaeological researches of the ancient Japanese monuments of material culture of the late yayoi period and the early kofun period for the purpose of definition of chronology of the establishing of Yamato are analyzed. Also materials of the Korean chronicles for the purpose of detection of the indirect evidences allowing to date the time of foundation of Yamato state of are analyzed. Besides materials of Chinese dynastic histories about the establishing of the state in the Central Japan are provided.Results of archaeological researches allow to correct chronology of ancient Japan, and, on the basis of cyclic designations of a 60-year cycle from the ancient Japanese written sources, give the chance to offer the corrected datings of time of East campaign to Jimmu and his reigns as the first sovereign of Yamato.The main result of this research is the conclusion that, on the basis of results of archaeological researches and indirect evidences of the Korean sources, East campaign of Jimmu was carried out at the end of the III century AD (294-300), and foundation of Yamato dynasty and state occurred at the beginning of the IV century (in 301 AD). Sovereign Jimmu ruled during 16 years (301-316 AD).
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Nasibullin R.A. —
“Definitive fight for eliminating all the consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions on the theoretical legal front in the shortest possib
“Definitive fight for eliminating all the consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions on the theoretical legal front in the shortest possible time ... “: 1937 at Sverdlovsk Law Institute
le time ... “: 1937 at Sverdlovsk Law Institute
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 67 - 78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.1.22790 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22790
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This article examines the initial stage of the political campaign aimed at “liquidation of consequences of counterrevolutionary distortions in the theoretical legal front” in the USSR and Sverdlovsk Law Institute In March of 1937. This battle resulted in seizing from the institute library of the works of repressed authors; dismissal of the lecturer of Soviet State Law P. A. Gordeev “for perversion in teaching”; on March 16-19 of 1937, holding a meeting of the Institute teachers and students, participants of law school and law courses, employees of court and prosecutor’s office for discussing a situation “on the theoretical legal front”; revision of curriculum and learning materials of the institute; increasing control of the departments and educational sector over delivering lecture and classes. The author analyzes a special opinion of the Professor S. F. Kechakian of May 15, 1937, on resolution of the general meeting. The unpublished archival documents and materials of the Ural State Law University and the State Archive of Sverdlovsk Region are introduced into the scientific discourse. Two addendums from previously unpublished documents from the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region, prepared for publication by the author of the article, are attached to the research.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Egorov N.Y. —
Special legal regime as the means of protection of public security (in accordance with the works of I. T. Tarasov)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 112 - 121.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.23738 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23738
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The subject of this study is the actualized part of theoretical and legal heritage of the prominent Russian lawyer of the end of XIX – beginning of the XX century – Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov (1849-1929); his representations on the essence of special legal regime as the means of protection of public safety; the provided by him characteristic of the state of emergency or martial law as the political preventative measures of prevention and methods for preserving the political system. The article discusses I. T. Tarasov’s idea regarding the possibility of ensuring public safety through the implementation of the special legal regime. The comprehensive problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of theoretical legal heritage of I. T. Tarasov is realized in the modern legal science for the first time. The article discusses the views of I. T. Tarasov upon the capability of the special legal regime to ensure the public safety. The author characterizes the scholar’s ideas concerning the implementaiton, operation and termination of the state of exception and martial law, as well as analyzes his views on the questions of using the weapons by police agencies and administration in terms of the special legal regime. Conclusion is made that I. T. Tarasov insisted on the need for legislative regulation of the special legal status, within the framework which takes place the limitation of rights and freedoms , and expands the government interference in social life. Tarasov developed the theory of restriction of state intervention into the social processes and determined that the law must be the basic measure of restriction, including the implementation of the special legal regime. He argued the need to establish the boundaries of police activity and guarantees of the political and civil freedoms of an individual. The ideas of I. T. Tarasova pertinent to the special legal regime as the means for protection of public safety, found their reflection and development in the Russian theoretical-legal science and practice of legislative consolidation of the relations in the conditions of the state of emergency in modern Russia.
Citations count: 3
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I., Zagorodnyuk N.I. —
The network of settlements in the Kondinskiy district of the Ural region according to the census of 1926
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 43 - 54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24105 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24105
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The subject of this research is the network of settlements of Kondinskiy district of the Tobolsk district of the Urals region. The object is spatial distribution, typology, size and infrastructure of its settlements. Sources for the study of the development of the settlement network of the area were the materials of the Circumpolar census of population of 1926-1927 and lists of localities of the Tobolsk district of the Urals region on October 1, 1926. The analysis of the sources helped to identify the location of settlements relative to water sources. The authors concluded that the settlements were located along rivers at a great distance from each other. The typology of the settlement network was dominated by this type of settlement as "derevnya". The number of "selo" and "vyselok" (the settlement outside the village) is slightly. The settlements outside the village were formed in the course of commercial activities of the population. Settlements in the area were small and amounted, on average, 11 households, 41 person. They had a chaotic structure of buildings, streets and alleys were absent. The social infrastructure of settlements of the area was poorly developed, the village council of Nakhrachi, which was the administrative center of Kondinskiy district, had all the elements of infrastructure (school, medical point, post office, commercial establishments).
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Gonta S.N. —
War in Rhodesia (1965-1979): fight against terrorists or civil conflict?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 7.
– P. 45 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.7.43415 EDN: TBNIFI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43415
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The article is devoted to the study of the war between the Rhodesian government and the black rebels from 1965 to 1979. The relevance of the work is due to the lack of fundamental research on these events in modern Russian historiography. The object of the study is the armed conflict in the territory of the Rhodesia, which took place in 1965-1979. The subject of the study is the activities of the rebel organizations that opposed the white government of the country. The author studied in detail the main events of the war in Rhodesia. Also, the work defines the role of external influence on the parties to the conflict under consideration, special attention is paid to the study of terrorist acts that were committed by members of rebel organizations. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the war in Rhodesia (1965-1979) was a civil conflict, while also being a local conflict within the global confrontation between capitalist and socialist countries. At the same time, the actions of the rebel organizations were by no means just a struggle for independence, but were accompanied by bloody terrorist acts against the civilian population.The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the main events of the military conflict, as well as in the study of the methods of fighting the rebels against the government of Rhodesia. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is a detailed description of the terrorist acts in Rhodesia that were committed by members of the rebel organizations.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Skrydlov A. —
A scholar-statistician and state authority in the early XIX century: on the biography of K. I. Arsenyev (1789-1865)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 11.
– P. 37 - 47.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.11.34470 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34470
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The object of this research is the evolution of statistical science in the Russian Empire in the early XIX century. The author analyzes the peculiarities of interaction between the academic community of statisticians and state authority on the example of career trajectory of the academician K. I. Arsenyev. The research leans on the basic methods of historical science – problem-chronological for studying the time sequence of events; historical-genetic and historical-comparative analysis for determining the key stages of the scholar’s scientific biography, as well as objective and subjective factors that impacted his performance. Special attention is given to the analysis of scientific works of K. I. Arsenyev, which prompted the major statistical discussion that unfolded in pre-reform Russia during the 1818-1819. The author examines the impact of the “Professors’ Case” upon Arsenyev's future career, traces the history of his relationship with the Emperor Nicholas I, and analyzes the scholar’s role in the development of administrative statistics in Russia. In the course of this research, it was established that academic career of Arsenyev is not typical, but rather illustrative for characterizing the status of a scholar-statistician in the first half of the XIX century. The difficulties of undergoing censorship, limited access of the scholars to departmental statistical materials, and risk of being suspected in political unreliability impeded the development of statistics during the indicated period. Patronage of the emperor relieved some of these constraints for Arsenyev; thus, receiving more freedom for scientific pursuits, he achieved impressive results. Overall, the representatives of conservative part of the elite continued to view statistics as a political science, which requires deliberate attention and control of the government.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Gevorkian D.S. —
Charity in the context of comprehension of state functions (in accordance with the works of V. F. Deryuzhinsky)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 122 - 132.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.23749 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23749
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent Russian police scientist, publicist, and public figure of the late XIX – early XX centuries, editor of the journal “Labor Assistance” Vladimir Fedorovich Deruizhinsky (1861-1920); his representations of the purpose of charity, methods of providing help by the state and private actors to the people in need; about the experience of operation of forced labor camps and commodity stations; on the effective principles of organization of public assistance; his assessment of the experience of organization of public assistance in Russian and foreign countries. The comprehensive problem-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of theoretical legal heritage of V. F. Deryuzhinsky is realized in the modern legal science for the first time. The article explores the views of V. F. Deryuzhinsky upon the purpose of providing help to people in need, subject compositions of those who provide help, and methods of the public assistance. The author determines the motivational grounds of charity; as well as characterizes the basic stages of social work in monarchical Russia that became the object of research of V. F. Deryuzhinsky. It is underlined that Deryuzhinsky considered that the proper organization of public assistance to the poor, whose number indicates the wellbeing of the state, is the crucial task of the government. The article characterizes the results of comparative analysis of the systems of public assistance conducted by V. F. Deryuzhinsky: classification of the state that provide assistance using various methods; definition of efficiency of the Elberfeld system for aiding the poor; assessment of the experience of operation of forced labor camps and commodity stations; possibility of implementation of the foreign experience in Russia. The conclusion is made that the professional and public activity of V. F. Deryuzhinsky influenced the development of the Russian state policy in the area of social assistance in the late XIX – early XX centuries, as well as his contribution in development of the theory of social work.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Danilova E.N. —
The Third Constitution of the Russian Federation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 79 - 125.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.3.721 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=721
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The author of the artile studies the history and adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR in 1937. The author underlines some of peculiarities of these processes and compares them to the preparation of Stalin Constitution in 1936. The emphasis is made on the fact that development and adoption of new republican constitutions was a part of ongoing Constitional Reform in the USSR during the second half of the 1930's. The author of the article concludes that Politburo and the Central Committee of the Comunist Party of the Soviet Union played an important role and controlled the entire process of creation and adoption of new republican Constitutions. By studying materials of the brief peoples discussion of the Draft Constitution of the RSFSR in 1937 the author has defined the most important problems that worried the population of the Russian republic. Those problems included national relations, status of national republics, economic and social rights of rural and urban population, education and repressions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A., Pryadko I.P. —
Establishment of the Soviet political elite: from Lenin’s death to Stalin’s triumph
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 2.
– P. 115 - 134.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.2.17827 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17827
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Abstract:
The growing interest towards the defining moments in Russian history takes place under the conditions of establishment of Russia’s independent course. The object of fierce discussion, similar to the period of Perestroika, becomes the activity of J. V. Stalin, as well as the peculiarities of formation of the Soviet political system over the period of 1920’s – 1930’s. Some people see Stalin as a dictator, but other consider him a prominent government leader. At the same time, the interests to his persona causes the occurrence of various tendentious and falsified materials. The authors lean on a broad range of sources: documental materials, testimonies of political and military leaders, works of Russian and foreign experts, as well as use the comparative-historical and problematic-chronological methods. An average Russian believe that the great in Stalin’s era consists in increase of the political-military power of the country, success in industrial expansion, and most importantly – victory in the Great Patriotic War. All of these events overshadow the negative manifestations, such as mass repression, persecution of church alongside the academic and cultural figures, as well as devastation of peasantry during the process of collectivization. Depending on the sociopolitical situation in the country, the historical memory of our citizens will reproduce certain events of the period of 1920’s – 1950’s, which obscures the facts that contradict the established conjuncture. Stalin’s activity can be viewed as the creation of new political elite, which is capable of withstanding the internal and external challenges.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Boltaevskii A.A., Pryadko I.P. —
Balkans at the crossroads of the worlds: Slavic "knot of history" (late XIX – early XX centuries)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 113 - 125.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.3.18171 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18171
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Abstract:
The subject of this article is the located at the crossroads of civilizations Balkan Peninsula, which throughout centuries is a sphere of geopolitical interests of various coalitions. Aggravation of the imperialist contradictions in the late XIX – early XX centuries led to the formation of "hot spot" in the southeast of Europe, which justly acquired the name of “powder keg”. The close ties between Russia and the nations of the peninsula have century-long traditions, but have been repeatedly subjected to various challenges, both domestic and external factors. The authors lean on the documents and studies of the Russian and foreign origin, which allow restoring the historical picture of the epoch. The main method of the research is the problematic-chronological. Despite the similarity in political and economic processes, the Balkan countries were unable to establish a strong alliance that could become an independent geopolitical player on the global arena. Moreover, the incompleteness of process of the formation of national states caused a series of military conflicts that continue to spark periodically even until present day.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Vasilchenko M.A., Zakharov A.M. —
“A Foreign City”: Dr. František Langer and the battles for Kazan in August – September 1918
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 131 - 137.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.4.35379 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35379
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the participation of the soldiers and officers of Czechoslovak Corps on the Volga front of the Russian Civil War reflected in the documentary novel by F. Langer. The goal of this work consists in the analysis of evolution of the relations of Czechoslovak legionnaires on the Russian events in the context of the large-scale socioeconomic crisis. The research is based on the novel by F. Langer, which was written in 1920 but became available for scholarly reflection almost a century later. This novel introduces new records on the events of 1918 in Kazan, which became a turning point in the battle for the Volga Region, and allows revising the chronology of protest moods within the Czechoslovak Corps. The most well-known manifestation of the refusal from participation in combat operations is the actions of the personnel of the 1st regiment of the corps under the command of the Colonel Y. Shvets, who committed suicide in the late autumn of 1918. This fact is regarded as most striking manifestation of demoralization of the military personnel; however, these symptoms could be traced in September if referred to the text of F. Langer’s chronicles, which has not previously become the subject of scientific analysis. The documentary novel expand the boundaries of protest moods in the soldier environment; it forms a solid representation on the intrapersonal conflict among the participants of the events back in the early September of 1918, which adds more details on the motivation of the participants of combat operations. The conclusion is made that the Czechoslovak Corps, solving virtually pointless battlefield tasks, not only suffered heavy losses, but also lost the meaning of its actions in general. The work of F. Langer indicates the first protest moods among the soldiers in the early autumn of 1918.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Skrydlov A. —
“The Case of Professors” in 1821 at St. Petersburg University in the history of Russian statistics
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 11.
– P. 156 - 168.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.11.36856 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36856
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Abstract:
This publication is written in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the “Case of Professors" of St. Petersburg University, which heralds the important stage in the formation of conservative policy of the Russian government in the sphere of science and education. The object of this research is the impact of the events of 1821 upon the development of government science in Russia – the early direction of statistical science. The author analyzes the prerequisites for the emergence of political-economic direction of government science in Russia, draws parallel with the traditional German school, outlines the key peculiarities – attempt to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the phenomena under review, establish causal relationships between them, appose government science with political economics. In the course of the “Case of Professors”, two of the most prominent representatives of this scientific direction – C. T. Hermann and K .I. Arsenyev were exposed to harsh criticism by the officials of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education. Leaning on the published and archival sources, the article explores the arguments of M. L. Magnitsky, I. S. Laval, A. N. Golitsyn on the topic of teaching statistics at the university. The conclusion is made that the major complaint of the officials to the teaching techniques and scientific works of Hermann and Arsenyev was their extensive interpretation of the subject of statistical science. The opponents of the scholars sought to bring the government science back to the traditional for the XVIII century descriptive school, as well as limit it solely to the empirical methods. It is indicated that the prohibition against using the works of Hermann and Arsenyev in the educational institutions entail significant consequences and halted the development of political-economic direction of government science for over two decades. The university statistical education returned to this tradition only after 1835, with the adoption of the new university charter.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Martynenko A.V. —
Main tendencies in the development of the intellectual culture of Islam in the modern and contemporary history
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 168 - 211.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.328 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=328
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Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to compare and analyze the Muslim concepts of modernism and Salafi Islam. This study is based on a civilizational approach. In this article the author analyzes both contemporary concepts of Islam (al-Afghani, Abduh, Gasprinsky, etc.), and Salafist doctrine (al-Wahhab, Sayyid Qutb). The scope of this work includes oriental studies, political science, religious studies. The main conclusion of the article: the modernist and the Salafi approach to Islamic traditions define the basic discourse of Muslim culture XVIII – XXI centuries.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
The Council of People’s Commissars and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks order…”Joint normative legal acts of the Communist Party and the Soviet State within the system of sources of Soviet law
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 39 - 53.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.1.17674 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17674
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The established within USSR system of administration and regulation of public relations in the Soviet society represented a conglomerate of the Communist Party and the government. The Soviet state acting as a mechanism in realization of ideological and political decisions of the Russian Communist Party-the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks-the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and its legislative activity in its foundation was determined by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. At the same time, the Communist Party did not possess official constitutional authorities for decreeing the normative obligatory for the entire population acts, thus was initially using a particular form of legalization of its decisions – joint acts of the Party and the state. This article reveals the place and role of the joint orders of the Party’s Central Committee and the Soviet State of normative legal character as the means of broadcasting into society the politico-ideological decisions of the party, as well as the combined efforts of the party and state apparatus towards the determination and solution of the questions of managing the social, political, and economic processes.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Stepanova I., Gavrilov P.V., Kutakov S.S. —
Imperial volost of Udomlya in Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land in the late XV – early XVI centuries: historical-geographical reconstruction in GIS
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 332 - 345.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.36128 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36128
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Abstract:
This article provides the results of research of the territorial arrangement of the largest volost of Udomlya, which belonged to the Novgorod Archbishop prior to Novgorod land was annexed by Moscow. The author conducts localization of the toponymy of volost in accordance to the cadastre of 1498/99, which contained the characteristics of pogosts and dozens volosts. The article leans on the geoinformation technologies. For localization of settlements, the author linked the borders of land dachas and toponymy of the Economic Notes of the late XVIII century. This described the territory of the volost compactly located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. This article is first to localize the territory of the volost of Udomlya located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. Characteristic is given to the territories of pogost districts and dozens the volost was divided. The author clarifies the location of the centers of pogosts; most densely populated areas were in the basin of lakes Udomlya and Pesvo and the rivers Sezha and Volchina. It is established that volost included two pogosts – Spassky and Ilyinsky, which ceased to exist as pogost districts by the mid XVI century. The settlement pattern of dozens testifies to the gradual disintegration of the decimar system in volost by the late XV – early XVI centuries.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Zalietok N. —
British women in the First World War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 2.
– P. 50 - 65.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.2.14066 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14066
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The study of the peculiar position of British women and their involvement in the military campaign during the First World War are of great interest to scientists in the context of a large-scale struggle for the women’s emancipation that covered Britain in the early XX century. Activities of British women as members of the women’s auxiliary services and rear workers largely predetermined their future position in the society. The goal of this article is to analyze the main types of employment of British women during the military campaign of 1914-1918, as well as their attitude towards the war through the prism of social stereotypes. In the course of the study a historical-comparative method, a problem-chronological method, an analytical and psychological method, a statistical method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis were used. The author concludes that in the period of the First World War, due to the conscription of a large number of men in the army, the list of jobs available to the female population significantly expanded. This case concerned members of the women’s auxiliary services as well as women rear workers. In addition, in this period women were active participants of campaigns that represented polar ideological directions – from pacifism to direct appeals to men to join the army. Traditional gender views on the role of women in this period, due to the military situation, were slightly diminished. At the same time, along with admiration for isolated examples of women's sacrifice, the majority of ordinary British women – members of the women’s auxiliary services and rear workers – were often subjected to condemnation by the society.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Pirozhok S.S. —
Robert von Mohl: contribution into the better understanding and systematization of the knowledge on state, law, and society
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 49 - 60.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.17534 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17534
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The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the prominent German scholar and politician of the XIX century – Robert von Mohl (1799-1875). The work examines the following aspects: the establishment and genesis of Robert von Mohl state-legal views; his concepts in the area of domestic administration of German Empire; his outlook upon the government’s activity on resolution of the social issues; as well as views upon the place and role of public associations in life of the state and society, character of their interaction and mutual impact. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this work is first to perform a special comprehensive research and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of Robert von Mohl. The author presents the biographical facts of the scholar, gives characteristics to his contribution into the development of foreign and Russian science of the police law, as well as underlines the achievement of the German professor in development of the German culture. The article analyzes the Robert von Mohl views regarding the problems of the domestic administration, mechanism of ensuring and realization of the mutual rights and responsibilities of the state and its citizens. Attention is given to the fact that Robert von Mohl was not only one of the first who referred to the issue of social (labor) question, but also formulates the propositions on its resolution.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Kozlov M.N. —
Late pagans of the Ancient Rus
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 205 - 215.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.19338 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19338
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Abstract:
For the first time in Russian science, the subject of this research became the history of the late pagan communities of Ancient Rus (the end of the X-XII centuries), their socioeconomic structure and lifestyle. The author presented several dominant in the modern historiography antagonist theories associated with the problems of Christianization of Ancient Rus during the pre-Mongolian era. Based on the analysis of the written sources and data, the archeologist were able to trace the main directions of the escape of the population from the forced Christianization (the end of the X-beginning of the XI centuries), as well as demonstrate the types of the late pagan communities, and presence of pagans in multiple Russian cities of the early Christian epoch. On the example of the pagan community of the Zbruch cult center, the author carries outs a historical analysis of the socioeconomic structure of late pagans, and partially follows their lifestyle. The conclusion is made that a certain part of Eastern Slavic people did not accept Christianity, and under the leadership of the priests of the pagan cult migrated to the sparsely populated wooded regions of the Western, Northern, and Northeastern Rus. They were able to preserve a part of their pagan sanctuaries in many of the large cities and villages of Rus, as well as establish a major pagan complex in the territory of Galicia Province, which became a shelter for the highest representatives of the pagan cult headed by the ruling priest.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Shayakhmetova T.E. —
Legal regulation of execution of punishment in form of deprivation of freedom in the Russian Empire in XIX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 83 - 90.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.18370 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18370
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Deprivation of freedom, as the preventative punishment and criminal sanction, has a lengthy history in the Russian legislation. Execution of punishment in form of the deprivation of freedom has not been determined as an independent branch, and manifested as the institution of police law. The subject of this research is the direction of legal regulation of police activity in the Russian empire of XIX century, associated with the implementation of provisions on the preliminary detention and realization of the correctional and criminal punishments. The main conclusion of the conducted research consists in the position that systematization of the police legislation that regulated restriction of freedom as the measure of suppression and deprivation of freedom as punishment, has been realized in the process of activity of the II department of His Imperial Majesty clerical office on systematization of the Russian legislation. It resulting in establishment of the first legislative act regarding the deprivation of freedom – “Digest of decrees about those detained in custody and exiled”, which became a part pf the XIV volume of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire, as well as completed the institutionalization of police law in this sphere.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Seleznev A.V. —
Establishment and problems of operation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge (1947-1949)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 16 - 34.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.3.25534 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25534
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The object of this research is the process of incorporation of Krasnoyarsk intelligentsia into the political and enlightenment organization, which major goal consisted in distribution of the political and scientific knowledge in USSR. The subject of this research is the establishment and problems of operation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge during the period when the indicated society forms and develops as an academic organization of the prominent scientific and public figures of the country, claiming a somewhat political-educational autonomy (1947-1949). The author introduces into the scientific discourse the previously unpublished archival documents that allowed compiling, systematizing, and analyzing the new factual material that provides a relatively full representation on the creation, operation, and educational activity of the regional All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge in the period of 1947-1949. The author concludes that this organization was formed by the prominent scientific and cultural figures, who had ideological and organizational ties with the leading part – All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Majority of the organization committee members involved in creation of the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society along with such enrolled by 1948 were the lecturers of the three universities of Krasnoyarsk: Medical, Pedagogical, and Siberian Forest Engineering institutes. In the first year of its existence, the Krasnoyarsk branch of All-Union Society was not able to pursue the lecturing activities due to experiencing the organizational issues.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tychinskikh Z.A., Zinnatullina G.I. —
Elements of Shamanism in the Folk Medicine of the Siberian Tatars
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 12.
– P. 51 - 61.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.12.39304 EDN: WCOILI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39304
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Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to examine, on the basis of field ethnographic materials collected by the authors in the Tyumen, Omsk and Novosibirsk regions during a number of field seasons, the relics of shamanism preserved in the folk medicine of the Siberian Tatars. The relevance of the study is related to the poor knowledge of this issue. The object of the study is the relics of the pre–Islamic beliefs of the Siberian Tatars, including the categories of shamans (imce, kuremce, sihyrce, kotsle mullah, etc.). The subject is their role in the traditional healing and magical rituals. The authors believe that with the spread of Islam in Western Siberia, there is a loss or significant transformation of the early common Turkic ideas about the universe, nature and essence of man. But, despite this, some elements of the common Turkic cultural and religious practice have been preserved in the culture of the Siberian Tatars. The main conclusions of the authors are the following. Magical rituals occupied a significant place in the traditional folk medicine of the Siberian Tatars. The authors show the preservation of some relics of shamanism among the Siberian Tatars, as well as categories of shamanists, which include imce, kuremce, sihyrce. The similarities and differences in their capabilities in traditional medical practice are shown: clairvoyance (kuremce, imce, sihyrce), diagnosis of diseases, treatment (imce, kuremce, sihyrce), kamlaniya (imce, sihyrce), prediction of the future, communication with spirits (kuremce, sihyrce). In connection with the important role of Sufism in Siberian Islam, it is shown that the practices inherent in shamanism were used in the treatment of Islamic clerics - mullahs.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tesaev Z.A. —
“Vilayet Chachan” based on the chronicle “History of Giray Khan” (XV century)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 3.
– P. 53 - 67.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.3.35299 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35299
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The chronicle “History of Giray Khan” is a valuable source on the history of Caucasus of the XV century. The text of the chronicle mentions the vilayet – the administrative divisions of Girim, Charkas, Chachan, Dagestan, Ganja and Shamakhi; the region Chachan alongside other domains is conquered by Giray Khan – the representative of Giray Dynasty and leader of the Circassians. This substantiates the need for studying the text to determine the time of the conquest of Chachan, as well as other areas of the region, which would allow studying the history of the region more thoroughly. Comparative analysis is conducted on the events described in the chronicle and the overall historical picture of this period. The author draws parallel, and in some instances direct identification of the known events and dynasties with the episodes and characters from the chronicle. An attempt is made to dateline all key events associated with the activity of Giray Khan, including the conquest of the Chachan Vilayet. The dates acquired in the course of analysis give a more detailed perspective on the history of Central and Norteast Caucasus, including the Chechen Republic. The historical analysis proves the facts described in the chronicle and reveals the circumstances of the conquest of North Caucasus. There is no sufficient grounds to fully identify Giray Khan with Khan Nur Devlet. However, the image of Giray Khan encapsulated part of the biography of the Crimean khan, and perhaps depicts the story of the son, one of the brothers, or a close relative of Nur Devlet, who became the ruler in Caucasus, and possibly, founded one of the Kumukh Shamkhal dynasties. The Giray Khan’s conquest of the Chachan vilayet the author dates to 1452-1459, with a remark that the entire process has taken place in three or four waves during the last third of the XIV – mid XV century.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Galuzo V.N. —
On the Legislatino and Guarantees of its Uniform Execution by Representatives of the 'Prosecution Position' During the Reign of Anna Ioannovna
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 6.
– P. 138 - 161.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.6.13416 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13416
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Abstract:
Article in general is devoted to providing with representatives "the prosecutor's position" uniform performance of the legislation in board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna. An object of research are the regularities connected with change of boards in the Russian Empire; definition of a place of board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna in system of boards in the Russian Empire; ensuring uniform performance of the legislation; the list of offices and positions, in them consisting; a role of separate offices and positions, in them consisting in ensuring uniform performance of the legislation in the Russian Empire; a priority of a position of the prosecutor in ensuring uniform performance of the legislation; a ratio of a position of the prosecutor with other positions (the sneak's position, a position of a reketmeyster, etc.) . Method of research I became historical and legal, allowed to define system of legalizations of the Russian Empire on the basis of which conclusions were formulated. The author in the course of research drew the following conclusions: The "Supreme" power in board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna appeared less effective in comparison with board of "Sovereign Imperator" of Pyotr Alekseevich ("Peter I"). In board of "Monarchess Imperatritsy" of Anna Ioannovna gained development one of negative forms of collective ("substitute") "Supreme" board — "favoritism". When reforming system of offices what carried out the activity secretly took advantage ("Office of Secret search affairs"). The position of the prosecutor was reanimated. And, it wasn't allowed identifications of this "position" with corresponding "office". The duty of ensuring uniform performance of the legislation was assigned to representatives of "the prosecutor's position".
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Serov D. —
Criminal investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court: organization and personnel (1874-1917)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 140 - 191.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.14817 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14817
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This article is dedicated to the characterization of the organization and personnel of the investigative branch of the Yekaterinburg Local Court throughout the period of its existence (1874-1917) in the context of development of investigative body of the Russian Empire of the reformation period. The article addresses the issues of evolution of the organizational structure of the investigative body of this period, differentiation of investigative posts, emergence and development of the system of investigative sectors, establishment of investigative sectors on the territory of Central Ural, as well as number and personal characteristics of the of the investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court during 1894-1916. The work presents the generalizing information on the social and ethnic origin, family ties, age, education, professional experience and social status of the investigators of the Yekaterinburg Local Court during 1894-1916. The author concluded that unlike during the Soviet era, there were no structured special divisions that united the investigators (investigative departments) in the branches of reformed Russia. There was also no position of a head of the investigators that was part of the court’s personnel. Similarly, there was no division of administration of the investigative branches (investigative division or department) throughout the period of 1864-1917 even in the central apparatus of the Ministry of Justice.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Akishin M.O. —
Legal language of the Soviet government
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 221 - 242.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21362 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21362
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Abstract:
Similar to the other European countries, the establishment of republic, elimination of class rights and privileges, consolidation of the principle of equality before the law, in Russia took the revolutionary path. However, the Russian October Revolution was a reaction to not only the outlived feudal society, but also negative phenomena of the era of “wild capitalism” of the XIX century. The October Revolution led to the state regulation of the economy and its planning, which allowed realizing the position of the Marxist-Leninist teaching: elimination of exploitation of man by man, recognition of the socioeconomic and cultural human rights. Study of the positive experience, contributed by the Soviet authorities into the development of Russia and the entire world, remains relevant. The goal of this article is the examination of the legal language of Soviet authorities. The article substantiates that the core of the lexical-semantic system of legal language consisted of such political terms as “socialism”, “Communism”, “dictatorship of the proletariat”, “state of the whole people”, and others. The crucial achievement of the legislative technique of the Soviet government became the principle of the use of the Russian literary language in the national legislation. At the same time, there were no significant renewals in grammar and lexical composition of the legal language during this period. In other words, the legal language reflected not only the practice of Soviet construction, but also preserved the succession with the preceding stages of its history.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Uzbekova Y.I. —
Council for the Study of Productive Forces within the system of “mobilized science” (1930 – 1950’s)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 12.
– P. 32 - 43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.12.31660 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31660
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Abstract:
In the scientific system of “Stalin’s modernization” period a special place was held by the Council for the Study of Productive Forces (CCPF), which after its establishment in 1930 was charged with thorough research on the country’s natural resources. The activity of the Council, similar to other scientific institutions, was subordinated to the stringent production-oriented policy of the country’s leadership; therefore, its experience may be considered as an important source for designing the model of the “mobilized” Stalin’s science. Emphasis is made on the causes and dynamics of the reforms that took place with the Council for the Study of Productive Forces throughout 1930’s – 1950’s, as well as the key changes in the Council’s development strategy. For this purpose the author applied the historical-systemic method and the concept of the social institution of science. The article provides characteristics to the new concept of development, formulated in the end of 1940’s, underlining the role of the state’s general economic strategy in selection of particular forms and vectors for the work of CCPF. The conclusion is made that CCPF was influenced objectives of accelerated modernization of Stalin’s period to the full extent. The logics of the development of CCPF structures, topic of scientific research, shift of productive forces towards East in the late 1940’s – all these was justified by the course of central leadership. It is noted that the administrative-command system created multiple obstacles for the effective work of the Council for the Study of Productive Forces and its cooperation with the Academy of Sciences and other organizations. From the practical perspective, the case of interest is the mechanism of interaction between scientific and departmental structures in implementation of plans for the rapid creation of industrial centers in the conditions of limited time and material resources.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Sulimin A.N. —
Nonlinear dynamics of the Russian political orders through a prism of historical process
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 338 - 364.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.16617 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16617
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Abstract:
The article considers of the evolution of the Russian political orders in historical process from the point of view of a synergetic paradigm. The author identifies historical types of the Russian political orders, considers nonlinear dynamics of their formation, the organization and degradation. The concept of the author argues that Post-Soviet Russia has gone through several microbifurcations and is in a phase of disintegration of the Soviet political order. By results of research the author refers to conditions and necessary factors of origin of a new political order in modern Russia.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Yakimov K.A. —
Socioeconomic moods of the youth of Tambov Oblast during the period of 1937-1941
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 159 - 176.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.20970 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20970
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Abstract:
This article examines the socioeconomic moods of the youth shortly before the Great Patriotic War. The author analyzes the impact of the Soviet ideology and propaganda upon the process of transformation of the moods of Soviet youth with regards to economic and industrial activity. Special attention is given to examination of the role of Komsomol organizations in development of Stakhanovite movement and high-involvement work practices among the young generation. The author reviews the attitude of young men and women towards the work in collective farms, loan campaigns, socialist property, and changes in labor legislation. The relevance of this topic is justified by the fact that examination of the mechanisms of formation of youth consciousness alongside the impact of Komsomol propaganda, as an element of Soviet ideology upon the character of public moods of young generation, is purposeful for structuring of the youth policy at the present stage, as well as contributes into the fuller coverage of the controversial social processes among youth during the period of intensification of totalitarization of the society. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a comprehensive research of socioeconomic moods of the youth over the period of 1937-1941 for the first time in history.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Azarenko I.S. —
Change of status of the serfs of Kaluga Province in 1859-1862 in the context of implementation of the Serfdom Abolishment Manifesto
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 8.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26044 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26044
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the aspects of socioeconomic status of peasants in the Russian Empire in second half of the XIX century until the adoption of Emancipation Manifesto of 1861 and as a result of its implementation. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of the change of status of the serfs in Kaluga Province in 1859-1862 due to the Emancipation Reform. Based on the studied materials, the author provides the data on peasants’ life until the reform of 1861 and specificities of their dependent status. The author examines the specificity of conversion of peasants in Kaluga Province into the status of the temporary obliged; as well as analyzed the precise examples of conflict situations emerging in the post-reform period between peasants and landowners in the region. The scientific novelty lies in analysis of the previously unused archival documents from the State Archive of Kaluga Oblast that allowed considering the new factual material regarding the status of serfs in Kaluga Province during the indicated timeframe. A conclusion is made about the insignificant changes of serfs’ status with proclamation of the Manifesto of 1861, which mostly affected the civic-legal status rather than land relations. It is determined that in overall discontent with the terms of liberation, the declaration of the provisions of peasant reformed was met by the peasants loyally due to the mediate policy of the governor general of Kaluga Province V. A. Artsimovich
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Dmitriev A. —
Legal ideas of I. G. Schwarz (on the compendia of lectures "About three cognitions: curious, pleasant and useful" and other lectures for 1782-1783)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 126 - 139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.18559 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18559
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Abstract:
The subject of this work is the legal ideas of Ivan Grigorevich Schwartz – prominent representative of masonry in Russia, tenured Professor of philosophy at Moscow University. The author analyzes the origins of and the content of the lectures Schwarz G. I. "three knowledges: curious, pleasant and useful" (1782), lectures at the University (1782) and public lectures (1782-1783), "the Reasoning in the collections of the Friendly learned society" (1782) in relation to law and the doctrine of Russian Freemasons of the XVIII century. This article provides an understanding of the views of I. G. Schwartz for the state, law, morality within the meaning of the terms and categories of the XVIII century and their relation to the doctrine of Russian Freemasonry of the XVIII century. For this purpose the author has used religious-philosophical and historical-legal methods of research. Legal ideas of I. G. Schwartz are the result of religious and philosophical speculation on the nature of man and his place in society. The article shows the role of law, science and itself in religious and social life of man. In his lectures, Schwartz uses such notions as "law", "citizen", "position", "justice", "state" and etc. Schwartz claims that it is necessary for a person to comply with positive law – the existing laws, because this is human nature, pursuit to improvement, return to the Creator, or the original ancient ideal.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nurislamov R.R. —
The enlightenment committee Hamburg-Bremen and covert Propaganda of Weimar Germany abroad, 1923-1932
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 10.
– P. 70 - 80.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.10.38990 EDN: QGPFZT URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38990
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the activity of the enlightenment committee Hamburg-Bremen, an organization created after the outbreak of the Ruhr crisis in 1923 by the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce to conduct export propaganda abroad. The article analyzes documents from the funds of the Russian State Military Archive and the German Federal Archives related to the functioning of this structure in 1923-1932. The purpose of the study is to determine how the Hamburg organization managed to deploy large-scale propaganda activity that spread to almost all countries of the world and acquired national significance in Weimar Germany. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of various areas of work, interaction with official departments and the impact of the world economic crisis of 1929-1933 on the activities of the enlightenment committee Hamburg-Bremen. Based on the study, it was revealed that the organization formed in Hamburg published various printed products, an information service was created abroad, and the key direction was covert penetration into the foreign press. The article shows that the reason for such activity lay in the interest of the economic circles of the region in improving the image of the country abroad in order to normalize foreign trade relations, and the possibility of its implementation — in the presence of the necessary connections for propaganda in foreign countries. One of the results of the study is the conclusion that the activities of the enlightenment committee Hamburg-Bremen affected not only export, but also cultural and political propaganda and was supported by the government interested in carrying out propaganda activities in a hidden form and through private structures. Over the years, the Hamburg-based organization has increasingly come under the influence of the state, whose assistance has become especially urgent after the global economic crisis of 1929-1933.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Eylbart N.V. —
Candidature of Ivan the Terrible for the throne of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Polish political pamphlets of the period of first “free election” (1572-1574)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 93 - 103.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.3.32474 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32474
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Abstract:
This article analyzes the Polish political pamphlets published during the time of first “free election” (1572-1574), the candidature of Ivan the Terrible or one of his sons was nominated for the throne of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The main goal consists in answering the question: did the Russian Tzar have a substantial number of supporters among the Polish-Lithuanian ruling elite, and did he have a chance for being elected as the king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1573. The author applies the following methods of research: analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction, deduction, problem-chronological, historical-genetic, objectivity, and historicism. The author translates the fragments of these pamphlets, as well as introduces them into the Russian scientific discourse for the first time. The conclusion is made on the significant support of “Moscovian candidate” by the Polish public opinion, and under the certain circumstances, his great chances to be elected for the Polish-Lithuanian throne. The author refutes the thesis presented in the modern Polish historiography on “miniscule” chance of Ivan the Terrible to become the king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Biyushkina N.I. —
The principles of the Soviet law in the context of codification during the period of 1950-1960
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 291 - 310.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17096 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17096
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Abstract:
The author thoroughly examines a number of the most important historical events that took place in the Soviet State in the 1950’s, which made possible the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union with the momentous report by N. S. Khrushchev dedicated to the cult of personality and its consequences. During this political forum, was approved a number of actions aimed at realization of the principles of socialistic legality and law order, protection of rights and freedoms of the Soviet citizens, interparty democratism, which later was reflected in the Soviet law of the studied period. The author examines the importance of the XX Congress of the Communist Party as a pivoting point in the domestic policy of the Soviet State, as well as substantiates the causes of conduction of codification of the Soviet legislation during the period of 1950-1960. The author is the first to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the principles of Soviet law within the stated period. Based on the developed criteria, the periodization of the establishment of the principles of Soviet socialistic law in accordance with its branches is performed. Codification of the Soviet legislation was based on the general legal principles: socialistic legality, democratism, social justice, and social freedom. The author’s main contribution consists in the conclusion that the true modernization of Soviet legislation during this time frame encouraged solving the most odious totalitarian tasks while preserving the Communist ideology.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Lakhtionova E.S. —
Section of monuments of Science and technology VOOPIK: history and main activities (on the example of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 6.
– P. 122 - 133.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.6.41012 EDN: IFAUXU URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=41012
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Abstract:
The object of the study is the section of monuments of science and technology of the VOOPIK. The subject is the activity of the section of monuments of science and technology for the identification, study, accounting, preservation and updating of the corresponding category of monuments. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the history of the emergence and functioning of this structural unit in the 1960s-1980s. The territorial framework is limited to the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions, the leading industrial regions of the Urals, on the territory of which there were a large number of monuments of science and technology, monuments of industrial heritage. The author studies the history of the formation of the section of monuments of science and technology, and also gives a description of various types of its activities on the materials of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. The problem posed has not yet been the subject of special study, and has only been touched upon in the context of the study of history in general of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments and its regional branches, in particular. This determines the scientific novelty of the article. The source material is represented by archival materials, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, for example, unique information about the project to create a Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Chelyabinsk. The author comes to the conclusion that there were both similar directions and significant differences in the activities of these sections. This was determined by several reasons. Of great importance was the personal factor, which also influenced the effectiveness of the functioning of the section of monuments of science and technology
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nadekhina Y.P., Kostrikova K.E. —
The role of the Ministry of Finance of Tsarist Russia in the creation of professional periodicals in the interests of domestic entrepreneurs
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 3.
– P. 23 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.3.37683 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37683
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The Ministry of Finance of tsarist Russia, after its formation in 1802, played an important role in the life of the country, was one of the most influential in the government. The authors show that the needs of Russia's economic development have pushed the information aspect to one of the leading places in the activities of the government of tsarist Russia. Based on the study of historiographical materials of the Soviet and post–Soviet periods, as well as with the involvement of pre-revolutionary materials, the article examines the active role of the Ministry of Finance of tsarist Russia at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries, which contributed to the development of professional periodicals in the field of trade, industry and finance, which played a certain role in the formation of the domestic entrepreneurial class and reflected the development of capitalism in our country. The Ministry of Finance provided the domestic business community and the interested public with high-quality periodicals covering commercial and industrial activities in the country and abroad. One of such publications is the "Trade and Industrial Newspaper".
The article examines the prerequisites for the emergence and stages of formation of one of the popular publications of pre–revolutionary Russia - a Trade and industrial newspaper, which not only fulfilled its main mission by providing information of a commercial and financial nature, but also gradually turned into an authoritative socio-political publication. This publication is the most important source for the study of various aspects of the financial, economic and socio-political life of the Russian Empire during this period.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Gorban V.S. —
Formation of sociologically oriented legal teaching of Jhering (final chapter)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.22551 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22551
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The subject of this research is the problem of formation and theoretical-methodological arrangement of Jhering’s sociological approach to law. The establishment of sociologically oriented legal theory of Jhering is being traced based on determination and examination of the specific theoretical and methodological constructs with consideration of the gradual immersion and improvement of his legal understanding towards the integral sociological oriented legal worldview. The article reviews the problem of formation and application of the original methods of legal knowledge and legal understanding (structural-descriptive functional analysis of law alongside empirical-analytical research, description of social legal reality and factors of social development, the crucial of which is law) in composition of the Viennese and Göttingenian periods. The scientific novelty consists in analysis, revelation, and characterization of the certain theoretical constructs and implemented by the thinker methods that in assemblage define the legal theory of Jhering as one of the first sociological theories of law. The conclusion is made that Jhering’s sociologism was being formed as anti-legalistic ideology aimed at transition from the study of law as a normative system towards the explanation of law using the category of social reality and various mechanisms of realization of sociality by the virtue of law (law as a factor of social stability, social identification, and social integration).
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Akberdeeva D.I. —
A. N. Ushakov – the deputy of State Duma of the first convocation from Tobolsk Governorate
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 2.
– P. 63 - 73.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.2.28909 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28909
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The object of this research is the persona of A. N. Ushakov – the deputy of State Duma of the first convocation from Tob0lsk Governorate. The subject is his sociopolitical activity in 1906. Currently, there are no publications with sufficient description of his role in the sociopolitical processes unfolded in the governorate and the country during the establishment of the Russian parliamentarism. In order to fill the gaps in the deputy’s biography, the author examines and analyzes the materials from the personal fund preserved in the State Archive of Tobolsk, regional periodicals, and published sources. The methods of biographical analysis allow delving into the most significant events of A. N. Ushakov’s life – arrest, exile to the north of governorate for organizing the congress of peasants of Tobolsk District, election into the 1st State Duma, signing of “Vyborg Manifesto” after the disassembly of State Duma. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that it is the first work in historiography dedicated to A. N. Ushakov. The conclusion is made that the biographical materials of A. N. Ushakov are undeniably relevant for studying the establishment of parliamentarism in Russia, as well as sociopolitical history of the region overall. The revealed sources testify to the fact that with his official and social activity, Ushakov earned respect among his contemporaries who entrusted him with the right to represent Tobolsk Governorate in the 1st State Duma.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I. —
Populated localities in Tobolsk Province: administrative and unauthorized ways of formation and peculiarities of development in the late XIX – early XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 17 - 27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.1.28630 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28630
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The subject of this research is the populated localities in Tobolsk Province formed over the late XIX – early XX centuries by the government authorities or by the initiative of rural population without authorization. The article analyzes the actions of central and local authorities with regards to newly emerged “unplanned” settlements and their further development; gives comparative characteristics to the size of populated localities formed either by the administration or on the authority of peasants; analyzes their economic and sociocultural infrastructure. The article is structure on the bases of the “List of populated localities” of Tobolsk Province of 1868/1869, 1893, 1903, and 1912; reports of economic department of the Administration of Public Property on the unauthorized formation of settlements in Tobolsk Province; materials of the local periodical press pertinent to separate populated localities and their functioning. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that this article is first to reveal and compare the peculiarities of formation and development of settlements that appeared as a result of actions of the local administration or upon the initiative of population. The conclusion is made on the strengthening of administrative control over the newly emerged populated localities, policy tightening with regards to settlements formed without authorization, significant underrun of the latter by the level of social development. The settlements formed upon the initiative of population were characterized by their small size, weak infrastructure, and shorter existence.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bogatenko R.V. —
Anglo-Italian relations during the period from October 1938 to January 1939
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 47 - 62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.1.28702 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28702
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This article examines the paramount stage of Anglo-Italian relations during the post-Munich period. Particular attention is given to the problem of possible “separation” of fascist Italy from the axis powers due to concessions on the part of the European countries. The author analyzes the various approaches of the Prime Minister of Great Britain Neville Chamberlain and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1st Earl of Halifax regarding the scale of such concessions. Focus is also made on the “Roman” negotiations between Chamberlain and Mussolini that had to determine Italy’s attitude towards Great Britain. The scientific novelty lies in referring to the diverse layer of publishes sources of various countries (diplomatic documents, British parliamentary sessions, notes from the sessions of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom). The main conclusion of the conducted research is that as a result of defeating the aforementioned negotiations, Italy is being irrevocably involved into the foreign policy orbit of fascist Germany.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Slezin A.A. —
Historical sources of the early years of the Komsomol
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 108 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.271 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=271
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Using the experiences of the "History of the Youth Movement in Russia" school of thought, formed in the twenty-first century at the Tambov State Technical University, the author uncovers the possibilities of using a variety of sources to study the Komsomol and organizations alternative to it in the early post-revolutionary years. Sources include published documents, statistical reference publications, memoirs, print media, and documents from Russian archives. The primary focus is to highlight the role of archival sources which, as a rule, were previously unused by researchers. The article is written primarily for novice researchers of the history of the youth movement in Russia.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Strekalin A.V. —
Russian police science in persons: Viktor Viktorovich Ivankovsky
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 787 - 800.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16412 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16412
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The subject of this research is the relevant part of the theoretical-legal heritage of the renowned Russian jurist Vitkor Viktorovich Ivankovsky (1854-1926); the establishment and evolution of his state-legal views; the scholar’s contribution into the development of the questions on the role and place of the government in the public life of Russia, on the place of the system of administrative-police institutions within the government, on the place of self-governance in the organization of life of the Russian society. The author makes an attempt of the problematic-theoretical reconstruction and interpretation of the theoretical-legal heritage of V. V. Ivankovsky, focusing on the scholar’s examination of the problems of political science and the questions pertaining to the role of the administrative law in regulation of public relations. V. V. Ivankovsky appeared in the Russia’s historical-legal though as a prominent representative of Russian legal and sociological science of the late XIX and the early XX centuries; his theories and methodologies did not lose their relevance till the present times.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Pirozhok S.S. —
Robert von Mohl about the social policy of constitutional state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 82 - 101.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.2.23730 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23730
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The subject of this research is the actualized part of the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent German scholar, encyclopedist, lawyer, and politician of the XIX century – Robert von Mohl (1799-1875). The author analyzed the establishment and genesis of the idea of social state in legal theory of R. von Mohl; system of views of the police scientist upon the administrative activity of the state aimed at solution of the social issues; the proposed by him program of social reforms and measures of social policy. For the first time in history of the political legal thought, an attempt is made conduct a problem-theoretical reconstruction, interpretation, and establishment of link between the modern theory and practice of the constitutional social state of Russian and Germany and the ideas that gained traction within the theoretical legal heritage of the prominent German scholar, government and public leader of the XIX century Robert von Mohl. The article characterizes his views upon the social essence of the constitutional state; analyzes his works, in which he describes the concept of the constitutional state and its social function, claims that the important feature of functionality of the constitutional state is the social policy, as well as that the constitutional state not only has a right, but must carry responsibility for its citizens and balance their chances to free development and implementation of ideas. A conclusion is made that R. von Mohl, being way ahead of the contemporary to him practice of state activity, has uttered the thoughts on the concept and measures of social policy that comprised the foundation of the future theory of social state.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nagornov V.P. —
Economic modernization of Russia of the middle of XIX – the beginning of XX century in the history of mining factories of Ryazan Province
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 9 - 18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26169 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26169
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This article is dedicated to the impact of capitalist modernization of Russian of the second half of XIX – the beginning of XX century upon the development of metallurgical industry of Ryazan Region. The object of this research is the infrastructure of metallurgical branch of Ryazan Province, trade-industrial and financial institutions that participated in financing of manufacturing, factory personnel, dynasties of the factory owners. Major attention is given to the dynamics of performance indicators of the factories, development of the new centers of metallurgical industry in Sapozhkovsky, Kasimovsky and Ryazansky districts, and transformation of the output structure of the factories. The research is carried out on the basis of modernization approach and principle of historicism, with application of system analysis, problem-chronological, logical, and historical-comparative methods. The results can be valuable in development of the modernization programs for Russian industry. The article introduces into the scientific circulation the new facts that reflect the specificity of entering of the Ryazan mining factories into the system of the commodity and financial market. A conclusion is made that despite the fragmentary nature and instability of the modernization tendencies in development of the Ryazan metallurgy, its structures have played an important role in diversification of the economy and evolution of the social space of Ryazan Krai of the post-reform era.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Ryabova O.V., Efremova M.V., Shimin N.A. —
Foreign tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region in the late 1920s–1930s.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 8.
– P. 27 - 35.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.8.43717 EDN: WKDYIZ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43717
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the formation and development of foreign tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) region in the first decades of Soviet power. The purpose of the paper is to describe the problems faced by the tourism industry in organizing work to attract foreign tourists.
With the beginning of the "Stalinist modernization", the flow of foreign tourists is increasing. But the material and technical base of the tourism industry turned out to be completely unprepared for this. There was also a catastrophic lack of trained personnel to work with intourists. To get out of this situation, the government creates the GAO "Intourist", which becomes a monopolist in the organization and reception of foreign tourists. The methodology of the work is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, as well as a systematic approach that allows a comprehensive examination of the subject under study. The novelty of the scientific work lies in the identification and generalization of historical sources, the involvement in scientific circulation of archival data showing the activities of the Gorky Regional Department in the period under study. The conducted research has shown that the need to open representative offices of GAO "Intourist" abroad, the organization of work with intourists already on the territory of the USSR faced an acute shortage of highly qualified personnel. The solution to this problem was the organization of courses for the training of tour guides with knowledge of foreign languages. Problems with the accommodation of intourists in hotels, poor transport provision were the result of chronic underfunding of the industry. The explanation for this is the need for industrialization in the USSR. Therefore, the tourism industry was provided on a residual basis.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I. —
The extremes in the everyday life of the population of Western Siberia during the time of epidemics of the late XIX – early XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 9.
– P. 40 - 54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.9.30475 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30475
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The object of this research is the population of Western Siberia considering its social diversity (city people, peasants, migrant peasants). The subject of this research is the everyday life of residents of the region in the extreme conditions of mass epidemics that took countless lives. The author characterizes the state of surrounding environment, level of medical development and sanitary-hygiene culture of the population, and determines their effect upon high mortality rate caused by different types of epidemics. Attention is focused on the behavioral practices, survival strategies of various social groups during the time of epidemics, which provoke changes in the everyday, routine life. The study is based on the complex approach with the elements interdisciplinary research allowing to trace the transformation of traditional values and mentality under the influence of extreme conditions of life. The conclusion is made on the impact of extreme conditions of the time of epidemics upon the transformation of everyday behavioral models and pursuit of survival strategies, reflected in the gradual alienation from the irrational ways of fighting infection, turning to official medicine, usage of decontamination means, cleaning of housings and curtilages, due attention to personal hygiene. During the time of epidemics, emotional and behavioral reactions were majorly affected by such factors as the affiliation to a certain social group, level of financial wealth, level of education, individual peculiarities of psyche and perception of illness and death of family members, attitudes on “unresolvable” problems of deviant and delinquent behavior.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
Court Administration as a Structure-Functional Unit in the Soviet State Administration System
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 16 - 36.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11044 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11044
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The article is devoted to the court administration forming and development in the Soviet Russia, to the evolution of processes of the court administration development performed by the subjects of the outward administrative court management (the organization’s executives) as well as by the subjects of the court administration inside the court system. The author of the articles also shows the role of the Soviet Party bodies in forming and developing organizational and ideological principles of the court administration and in working out models of the court administration and its gradual transformation into internal administration which serves to make the present-day court system independent and self-sufficient. The methodological basis of the work is the principles of dialectic and historical materialism which lets view the problems under research in their appearance and development in tight connection with the Soviet State building and the necessities of the court administration. In the course of the research the comparative analysis, technical, logical, historical and legal and other methods of learning the state legal processes and phenomena have been used. The scientific novelty is in the distinctiveness of the question posing which supposes to study the whole complex of the administrative influence in the courts from the Party’s bodies, Administration and State Power branches and the higher courts that aimed at providing the optimal work of the people’s courts. The author of the article strongly believes that the court administration as an institution is not dying, but it is transforming into a new state – internal system administration and continues its incessant influence on the processes in the present-day internal court power.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Tret'yakova E. —
The establishment of the Ministry of foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire in the XIX - early XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 672 - 690.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.14484 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14484
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The article explores the process of formation of the Ministry of foreign Affairs as one of the most important bodies of state power in the XIX - early XX century. Considered normative acts of the Russian state, determined the structure and powers of the Ministry of foreign Affairs on the stage of active international cooperation of the Russian state. The main stages in the formation of patterns and issues, analyses the relevant transformations that took place in the course of the reform. Attention is paid to individual personnel policy within the Ministry. The study of historical and legal analysis of the claimed processes based on primary sources (acts of domestic legislation adopted in the specified period of time). Conducted historical and legal analysis of the formation of the Ministry of foreign Affairs in the XIX - early XX centuries, the tendencies associated with the process of forming the structure of the public authority, carrying out the foreign policy activities in the specified period, based on the analysis of normative legal acts of the structural elements of the foreign Ministry, their legal status, functions.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Yarusheva L. —
Effect of the Slavic, Roman, and German laws on the establishment of the Russian legal sources
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 16.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.1.16313 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16313
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The subject of this research is the genesis of the Russian legal sources and their development under the influence of the Roman law and the German pandectic system. This article examines the sources of the Ancient Rus customary and written laws, their significance for the modern Russian legislation. The author conducts research on the effect of the reception of Roman written law upon the Russian legislation during the establishment of the Ancient Rus, as well as the Imperial Russia; the influence of the pandectic system upon the Russian codification is also being analyzed. Among the main conclusions are the following: firstly, the Russian legal sources have Slavic roots, and are based on the legal customs of the Eastern Slavic tribes; secondly, throughout its entire existence, the Russian written law had a “Roman content” due to the fact that in many Russian sources there could be found a number of adopted to the Russian conditions norms of the Roman law; and thirdly, since the early XX century, the Russian legal sources attained the “German shape” after the implementation of the pandectic system in the course of conducting codification of the Russian legislation.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Zherebchikov D.P. —
Thefts in the Russian province in the late XIX – early XX century (on the example of Voronezh governorate)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 139 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.20616 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20616
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Abstract:
The subject of this article is the most widespread type of crime against property in cities and counties of the Russian province of the stated period – theft. Based on the extensive circle of sources, the author reveals the following questions: legal assessment of thievery in the official criminal legislation of the Russian Empire; criminal statistics of thefts in Voronezh governorate; criminalistics characteristics of thefts conducted by the persons of lower urban classes. Special attention is given to thefts, which took place in the provincial cities. The main conclusion consists in the fact that the status of the agricultural Voronezh governorate along with the neighboring Black Earth governorates, on the “periphery” of Russian modernization, decrease the number of grand thefts. The incidence of thievery in urban society exceeded the incidence of thievery in rural society. During the period economic instability, which accompanies modernization in the Russian province, small thefts prevailed over the large thefts in the overall crimes. The lower urban classes, primarily peasants and male commoners, were the main actors of similar criminal acts.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Chirkov A.A. —
Council of Ministers P. A. Stolypin and the armed forces reform
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 12.
– P. 35 - 52.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.12.22022 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22022
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the establishment and development of the policy of the Council of Ministers P. A. Stolypin in the area of state defense. The armed forces reform that took place in the Russian Empire after the severe defeat in the Far East played a substantial role during the World War I. The basic strategies that defined the army and navy development originated during the period of activities of P. A. Stolypin. The foreign and Russian historiography viewed the indicated problem in a peculiar way, mostly using the public utterings of P. A. Stolypin, while disregarding the published documentation. Thus, the position of P. A. Stolypin is extensively covered within the historiography that was offered for the Czar, news media, and society, although his true contribution into the army and navy reforms has not been studied until presently. The goal of this work consists in determination of Stolypin’s involvement in the reforms of the defense establishments, considering that his representations of the reforms and political influence varied under the influence of certain factors. The chronological method allowed examining the course of events of the indicated transformations. Guided by the principle of scientific objectivity, leaning on the works of the forerunners, the author rejected the dogmas of the “reputable” historians, and based his conclusions exceptionally on the sources, structuring the research in a way that the conclusion will be based on the facts will be adjusted to the previously made conclusion. The author underlines that the military reforms conducted in Russia in the early XX century were not a part of Stolypin’s reforms, and the heads of the military and navy establishments were exerting the non-reliance, deviating from the line set by the government. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this conclusion completely refutes the viewpoint in the Russian historiography.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Priymachuk D.V. —
Historical and political aspects of the US strategy in relation to Afghanistan and the Soviet Central Asia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 67 - 77.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.1.21220 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21220
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The subject of this research is the United States foreign policy doctrine in relation to Afghanistan and states of the Soviet Central Asia, which undergone a drastic transformation in the end of the XX – beginning of the XXI century due to geopolitical changes, associated with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. The conceptual structuring of Zbigniew Brzezinski defined content of the US foreign policy doctrine; and its major priority consisted in the attempt to establish the unipolar world and reconstitute the “neocolonial” system under the new circumstances. The main conclusion of this work consists in the scientifically substantiated positions on the fact that after the military Operation Desert Storm, the United Stated conducted the utilitarian policy in Central Asia and Afghanistan, which suggested the achievement of certain results within the framework of implemented foreign policy concept at minimum costs. Since the mid 1990’s, the United States established the “foundation” for the future “strategic breakthrough” in the region, the prerequisite for which were the economic interests, activation of the competitors, as well as the growing “Islamic threat”.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Baranov E.Y. —
Peasantry, social transformations and famine in the USSR during the early 1930’s (on the materials of Ural Region)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 16.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.1.28498 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28498
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Abstract:
The goal of this research is to determine the changes in social behavior of peasantry in the conditions of escalation of the food problem and famine during the 1928-1934 (on the materials of Ural Region and Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). The author examines the factors and behavioral characteristics, giving special attention of the analysis of evolution in the actions of Ural peasants as the situation worsened. The relevance of this work is substantiated by the attempts to have a more detailed perspective on the scale of social disruption in the agrarian sphere and rural community in the USSR during the 1930’s. The descriptive method allows characterizing the changes in peasants’ behavior in terms of worsening of the food situation. The historical-genetic method allows viewing the changes in peasants’ actions at the initial stages and escalation of famine, determine the cause and effect links between the growing food crisis and changes in behavior of the rural population. The scientific novelty consists in conducting a special research on the social behavior of Ural peasantry in the conditions of famine in the early 1930’s, which has not previously become an independent subject of study. It is demonstrated that initial cause of peasants’ protest was the procurements, and then the focus shifted towards the indignation over famine. During the 1932-1933, the collective demonstrations, escape to cities, and looting were mostly justified by filling their need in food. Escalation of famine also led to manifestation of social deviations. In 1933, the rise in mortality created a threat to reproduction of the rural population, which in the Ural Region was more evident than in Bashkir ASSR.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Ryabova O.V., Zykova T.V., Kochkurova E.A. —
Hotel enterprises in Nizhny Novgorod in 1918-1939.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 81 - 91.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.69582 EDN: DECMMG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69582
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Abstract:
The market reforms that began in the late Soviet period and continued after the collapse of the USSR radically changed the country's hotel industry. The changes have affected literally all aspects of the industry. Similar large-scale changes were already taking place in the hospitality industry at the beginning of the twentieth century, after the socialist revolution of 1917. Therefore, it is interesting to find out how the young Soviet state, in the most difficult conditions of the civil war and foreign intervention, was able to practically rebuild the country's hotel industry. Because of this, the experience of hotel construction in the first two decades of Soviet power can be useful. The subject of the research in this article was the development of hotel enterprises in Nizhny Novgorod, such as communal hotels, "Peasant Houses", night shelters during this period. The paper provides an analysis of the main directions of development of the Nizhny Novgorod hotel industry from 1918 to 1939. The article is based on materials from regional archives (TSANO and GOP NO), periodicals, and scientific literature. The article uses historical-systemic and historical-comparative methods, as well as general scientific methods such as description and comparison. The conducted research showed that the hotel industry of the city was in a difficult situation by 1918. The change in the social system in the state, the decline in the standard of living of the population, and the refugees provoked a crisis in the hotel industry of Nizhny Novgorod. The mass closure of enterprises was avoided only by nationalization and municipalization of enterprises. The opening of the Peasant's House in 1925 was able to alleviate the acute shortage of hotel stock for a short period. But in the 1930s, due to the growth of foreign tourism, the problem of a shortage of high-class hotels worsened. The construction of the Volna, Rossiya and Intourist hotels partially solved this problem. But for ordinary Soviet citizens, hotels are still inaccessible. At the same time, the level of service was at an extremely low level.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bakhteev D.V. —
Prerequisites for establishment and development stages of the technology of artificial intelligence
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 8.
– P. 89 - 98.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.8.30382 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30382
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The object of this research is the technology of artificial intelligence. The subject of this research is the mechanisms and factors of the establishment and development of this technology. Philosophical prerequisites underlied the classical scientific works; however, the foundation for the establishment of the aforementioned technology is the studies in the area of neurophysiology and theory of computation. In the XX century, with the advancement of computer engineering, this technology received an impetus to development, which lead to its widespread proliferation and increased the interest of socio-humanitarian sciences, primarily jurisprudence and ethics towards it. The following conclusions were made. Methodological foundation of the modern technologies of artificial intelligence is the nervous system theory, which serves as prototype for designing the artificial intelligence systems on the basis of the artificial neural networks. The process of establishment and development of such technology was divided into five stages. The factors ensuring wide proliferation of the systems of artificial intelligence include: the possibility of modeling of the processes of human reasoning, collection and processing of large data, interdisciplinary and multifaceted nature of scientific research on this technology.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Bravina R., Prokopeva A.N., Petrov D.M., Syrovatskiy V.V. —
Cremation rites At Batyran III and Kuuduk III in Erkeeni Valley of the upper Lena River (XIV – XVIII centuries)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 10.
– P. 109 - 123.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.10.31033 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31033
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The traditional Yakut culture preserved the rituals rooted in the Ancient Turkic era of Southern Siberia. Particular interest arouses the burial rite of Yakut people, among which was cremation of the deceased. In legends, this ritual is associated to the ancient tribe Kyrgys that lived well ahead of the arrival of the ancestors of Yakut people to the middle Lena River – Omogoya and Ellyaya. Noteworthy is that accordant to the Chinese manuscripts, this ritual is also known among ancient Turkic and Yenisei Kyrgyz people. Records on the existence of isolated instances of cremation of the deceased among Yakut people of the northern suburbs occur all the way until ethnographic modernity. The article applies the authentic historical sources, as well as the interdisciplinary research data in the field of forensic medicine, ethnography and folklore, which allow examining the materials on both, historiographical and interpretational levels. The goal of this work lies in the description and analysis of cremation rite and burial objects At Batyran III and Kuuduk III in the XIV – XVIII centuries, discovered and explored in one of the three valleys of middle Lena River – Erkeeni. The author assumes that at the end of first millennium AD, some part of Yenisei Kyrgyz people arrived to the territories of Lena River, and having gradually adjusted to the local environment, became a part of the forming Yakut nation.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Nizhnik N.S. —
Police state – welfare state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 183 - 194.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21223 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21223
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The subject of this research is the theoretical heritage of police scientists, within the framework of which welfare and security defined the purpose of the state. Police state as the idea of organization of people’s activity for the sake of public welfare has its past, present, and future. Examination of the history of police state as the political-legal technique of supporting the legal order is heuristically useful for understanding the practices of dominance in modern societies. The modern state that correlates with the discursive and institutional heritage of the police state era in the field of organization and activity of the police, continues to base itself upon the developed by police scientists idea of security, as well as attempts to find new ways for procurement of wealth for best distribution of benefits. The research is built on the principle of historicism, due to attempt towards determination of the dynamics and historical prospect of development of the ideas of police scientists regarding the creation of the welfare society by means of the police state. The foreign and Russian police scientists defined the purpose of the police state as the achievement of the general welfare. The idea of realization of the national welfare and happiness encouraged the development of the philosophy of eudaemonism, which became the ideological foundation of the system of government administration. The attempt to reach the set goal led to the actual neglect of the people’s interests. The inner controversy of the concept of police state substantiated the need for transition from the police state to the legal state.
Citations count: 2
Reference:
Syrovatskiy V.V. —
Burial of Vladimirovka (XVII century): a new monument with secondary burial rite in Central Yakutia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 4.
– P. 77 - 83.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.4.29488 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29488
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The object of this research is the Yakut burial rite of the XVII century. The subject of this research is the ritually disturbed burials of Yakuts. The article presents a detailed review of the types of ritually disturbed burials. The author makes an attempt of interpretation of the materials of earthen burial of Vladimirovka, explored in the course of fieldwork of Srednelensky archeological expedition crew from the Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the limits of Yakutsk. This burial is referred to one of the types of ritually disturbed gravesites, namely secondary burial, which was widespread during the Late Middle Ages in Yakutia. The archeological data is compared to the ethnographic records, historical sources and natural scientific methods. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the rite of secondary burial is rarely reflected in the archeological materials and is rather considered as deviation. Moreover, the use of natural scientific methods of age determination allows identifying the specifics of burial rite and help in further dating of other monuments with similar features. The author puts forward a hypothesis on secondary burial on the monument, related to the changes in traditional beliefs of the people due to arrival of Russian population in the XVII century. Special attention is given to determination of social status of the buried based on the comparison with the existing data on burial rites of the Yakuts.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sumenkov S., Sumenkova M. —
Efficiency of the concept of state policy for prevention alcoholism among population of the Russian Federation: historical-legal analysis
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 9.
– P. 32 - 39.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.9.30804 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30804
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The goal of this research is to analyze the efficiency of state regulation of the production and consumption of alcohol in Russian since the end of the XIX century until present, as well as develop practical recommendations aimed at the improvement of anti-alcohol policy. The relevance of this work is defined by the variety of interests and needs of people, impossibility of their total isolation from it, as well as the balance between the financial profit of the producers of alcohol beverages and government’s concern for public health. The object of this research is the social relations emerged on the basis of production and consumption of alcohol. Dialectical materialism was selected as the basic research method for more in-depth understanding of the essence and designation of legal regulation of alcohol consumption founded on rationalization of the presence of alcohol in different spheres of people’s life. Alcohol consumption and fight against alcoholism are the coexisting in unity and battle opposites, inseparable, but simultaneously mutually cancelling and intertwined phenomena. The use of statistical method allows correlating the quantitative and qualitative impact of alcohol consumption with the demographic situation. The scientific novelty consists in articulation of the problem on the efficiency of measures for regulation of alcohol consumption, as well as proposed methods for its optimization. The authors examine the questions of the efficiency of state regulation of the production and consumption of alcohol. Leaning on the historical material, the article analyzes the specificities of the current concept on reducing alcohol consumption. The authors summarize the experience on the fight against alcohol abuse in the imperial, Soviet and modern Russia; as well as substantiate the necessity of introduction of state monopoly on the production and sales of alcohol.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Akimova T.M. —
Women's issue at the dawn of establishment of civil society in Vladimir Governorate (February – October 1917)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 10.
– P. 76 - 90.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.10.34182 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34182
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This article explores the establishment of civil society in Vladimir Governorate between the February and October Revolutions of 1917. Women for the first time became legally its full-fledged subject. Based on the documents preserved in the State Archive of Vladimir Region, State Archive of the Russian Federation, press materials (newspapers “Staryi Vladimirets”, “Vladimirskaya Zhizn”, "Svobodny Muromsky Golos”), the author examines the perception of the political events of that time by women of the governorate; outlines the urgent problems that women were concerned with; describes attitude towards the received suffrage and areas of manifestation of their social activity; as well as perception of the new in women’s rights by male part of the population. After the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia, the important steps were taken towards establishment of civil society with women being its full-fledged subject. Among the residents were not engaged in the revolutionary movement, most activity demonstrated the townswomen. They supported the implementation of universal suffrage, created women's communities, and participated in the discussion of urgent problems. Peasant women were mainly concerned with survivability of their families during difficult times. They were not familiar with the political life of the country and governorate, and unaffected by electoral campaigns into the district self-governance. This was justified by their tough financial situation, patriarchal structure in families, and lack of education.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khomenko D.P. —
The Problem of the "Russian World": theory and historiography
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 143 - 156.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.36008 EDN: HCWJQY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36008
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The article presents the problem of the split of the "Russian World" as a consequence of the collapse of the USSR in 1991.
Russian Russian historiography is analyzed by the author, comparing the opinions of experts on the civilizational criterion in the modern history of the Russian people and the "Russian world" in order to create a generalized definition of the concept of "Russian World". The so-called "Putin Doctrine" is considered separately, understood as a set of state measures to consolidate the post-Soviet space on the principles of common security and common interests. The problem of the ongoing split of the "Russian World" due to the Ukrainian crisis is also analyzed.
In his work, using historical-systemic and historical-synergetic methods, the author, based on the opinions of specialists from different branches of science, comes to a theoretical result regarding the topic under study. In the modern historiography of the issue, there is still no consensus on the final definition, which indicates the interdisciplinary complexity of the concept. But this especially testifies to the high relevance of the definition of the concept of "Russian World" for the formation of the national security strategy of Russia.
The article analyzes the sources of the Russkiy Mir Foundation, the Center for Military and Political Studies of the MGIMO Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Izborsky Club, and the Center for Global Interests (Washington, USA). The historiography of the works of doctors of Historical Sciences of Russia Nikonov V.A., Podberezkin A.I., Komarov G.A., Harvard University political scientist Huntington S.F., philosophers Shchedrovitsky P.G., Averyanov V.V. is also analyzed.Russian Russian World In the course of the study, the author presented a generalized definition of the concept of the "Russian World" and the problem of the split of the "Russian World" in the context of modern historical approaches.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tsyrenov C.T., Tsyrenova N.D. —
Daurian jew’s harp: a little-known musical instrument
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 346 - 352.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.37159 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37159
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This article examines the little-studied in the Russian scientific ethnographic and musicological literature Daurian traditional musical instrument mukulien (Chinese 木库莲), which is classified as jew’s harp. The goal of this article lies in determination of its role in modern spiritual culture of the Daurians, as well as characterization of the key stages of the history and evolution of mukulien, including the description of constructive peculiarities based on the material of folk legends and modern Chinese ethnographic research. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in scientific ethnographic literature, the Daurian jew's harp (mukulien) has not previously become a separate subject of research. The article employs the historical, ethnographic, philosophical and musicological analysis. The previously unstudied Daurian legend about the invention of mukulien by the Daurian widow to console her heart from grieving is introduced into the scientific discourse. As a result, the author traces the main stages in the development of mukulien in Daurian culture, as well as determines the key aspects of further study of the phenomenon of jew’s harp.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mol'kin A.N. —
Some Aspects of the 'Revival' of Islam in Russia (the Case of the Penza Region)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 2.
– P. 120 - 130.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.2.10335 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10335
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Object of research - the reasons and prerequisites (internal and external), forms of manifestation of a phenomenon of Islamic "revival" in the USSR / Post-Soviet Russia (activization of confessional practice of Muslims - increase in ceremonialism, growth of number of petitions from believers in various instances, etc., restoration of mosques, training of new shots of attendants of an Islamic cult, formation of system of Islamic education and education, etc.) at regional level - in the Penza region in the late eighties - the 1990th. As a teoretiko-methodological basis of research the principles were chosen: a) objectivity; b) historicism; c) systemacities, d) the objective account social and personal in an object of research and the most possible neutralization of the subjective relation of the researcher at an assessment and interpretation of the facts. Except the methodological principles in work the special and historical principles were used: comparative-historical, updatings, problem and chronological, diakhronny; also general scientific principles: structural and system, statistical, the classifications, allowed to analyse evolution of the state and Islamic relations to consider ñîâåòñêî / the Russian Moslem in a complex of its components, to analyze and compare various data for determination of the main features and intrinsic characteristics.New sources have been introduced in science and and that allowed to draw the following conclusions:- process of basic changes begins with the middle of the 1980th in the USSR in a context of reorganization in the relations between the state and church, limits on activity of the confessional associations, operating for many years that created conditions for active involvement of believing citizens and their religious organizations in social and economic and spiritual life of the country were gradually lifted. In the second half of the 1980th considerable surge in religiousness in the country, caused, first of all, by crisis of the Russian society - social, economic, political and moral was observed. Besides, a certain role in this phenomenon was played by discredit and withdrawal pains dominating in the society of socialist ideals and values. Change of a vector of cultural and moral reference points in mass consciousness of the population promoted revaluation of a role and a religion place in society, positioning it, first of all, as a phenomenon of world and national culture, as a moral support of society. Serious value had also crash of system of atheistic education. However deideologization process in the country went very roughly, the Soviet management had no accurate program and in general understanding of democratization of the country. Contacts of the state and confessional associations, including Muslim, often had spontaneous character, were under the influence of tactical political situations and sometimes personal interests.
- from the 1990th the process of Islamic "revival" that was expressed, first of all, in growth of religious consciousness, active revival of Islamic ceremonialism, increase in quantity of mosques, folding of system of religious education, etc. began. The impulse to the Islamic Renaissance was external and was a consequence, first of all, activity of the secular authorities, on the one hand, and weakening of the central power in the years of reorganization, with another.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Abdulin R.S. —
Features of judicial management in the conditions of the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 3.
– P. 637 - 650.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.3.15220 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15220
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The research is the peculiarities of judicial management in the conditions of the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945, changes in the structure and competence of bodies of judicial management in the Wake of the announcement in the country under martial law. The object of study is a set of organizational structures of judicial management in war, their staffing, functional parameters, elected means and methods. The author considers in detail the judicial control by the judicial system of the country in wartime, the organization of the administration of justice in areas liberated from occupation and other activities of the organs of justice and superior courts.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gromova G. —
Historical and legal study of administrative law for the Council Code 1649
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 51 - 62.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.15370 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15370
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Administrative law has been and continues to be one of the most important public-law sectors of the Russian legal system, governing a vast range of relations and containing a substantial part of the law. There is therefore a need to streamline the existing instruments and provisions that contain legal and administrative regulations. On the background of the analogy between the formation of the rule of law in the XVII century. and the development of legislation in the present, including -administrativnogo, seems quite topical treatment to the first attempts to systematize legislation and division lines and branches of the law, the formation of administrative law, such rules of ordering. In this context, a retrospective analysis of the political and legal experience allows us to trace the Russian state: the development of the internal practices of governance, formation of management bodies, development of administrative and legal thought in Russia, political and historical specifics of Russia, which ultimately affected the appearance of the existing at present time administrative law - a unique industry domestic legal system, containing a list of the most regulated relations and extensive conglomeration of normative legal acts.In the historical and legal literature very little work on the subject of a comprehensive study of administrative law in the ancient monuments law. Everything that has been said about the absolute relevance of the theme of this article.In connection with the above, the author draws attention to the Cathedral Ulozhenie 1649g., In which the first attempt to systematize the law and are decorated in the modern sense, legal and administrative regulations, scattered on the individual chapters.To achieve the objectives the author used structuralchastnonauchnogo functional and formal-legal special methods of investigation.Scientific novelty of the article is characterized by reference to the issues of understanding of the place and role of administrative law in the Cathedral Ulozhenie 1649g., A place dedicated to the issues of state structure in this code of laws, the issues of formation and development of administrative law and basic legal categories and concepts that exist in contemporary legal science . The author concludes that the Council Code and the structure and its contents had an impact on the further development of the legal and public relations. The work is written on the basis of archival material, so it can be used in the development of research in the study of those courses.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ippolitov V.A. —
Regulation of social structure of the Komsomol organization of the Central Black Earth Oblast at the initial stage of thorough collectivization
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 226 - 242.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.17235 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17235
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The author examines the following factors of regulation of social structure of Komsomol in the early 1930’s: collectivization, fight against “centering” of the union, strengthening of the brotherly-proletarian core. In the history of Komsomol of this little-studied period, the author notices a legitimate connection between the policy of the party and the criteria of social selection of those who entered the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League. The author comes to a conclusion that in the early 1930’s that the ideal characteristics of the members of Komsomol were considered proletarian-poor descent, commitment to the “general line of the party”, as well as membership in the collective farm (kolkhoz). The main sources for this article became the unpublished archive materials from the funds of State Archives of Public Political History of Voronezh Oblast and Tambov Oblast. It is demonstrated that the strict regulation of the party’s structure according to the class affiliation negatively affected the quality of the work of Komsomol. The scientific novelty consists in the reframing of the importance of social selection in the youth communist union.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khotko S.K. —
Inclusion of the Northwest Caucasus under the range of influence of the Ottoman Empire, 1475-1520
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 29 - 41.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.19308 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19308
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The subject of this research is the establishment of the Ottoman control over the western areas of the Northwest Caucasus throughout the period of the late XV – early XVI centuries. After the Ottoman occupation of the Genoese Caffa (1475) and first invasion into Circassia (1479), the ethnopolitical history of the Northwest Caucasus has marked the beginning of a long era, the content of the events of which to a certain extent were determined by the character of relationships with the Ottoman Empire. In order to conquer the country of Circassians, the Ottoman government used a powerful military resource of the vassal Crimean Khanate. At the same time, the Ottomans were making efforts to prevent the spread of the Khan authority in Circassia, and encouraged the direct vassal ties of the Circassian dukes with regards to the sultan. All of the key events in the history of Ottoman- Circassia relations are examined on a broader scale of events associated with the Ottoman conquest of Crimea, Balkan Peninsula, and the Near East (Syria-Egypt Empire of the Mamluks), as well as the influence upon Circassia from the Crimean Khanate and Russian state. The author made the following conclusions: 1) clarification of the institutional character of the Ottoman dominance in the Northwest Caucasus; 2) inclusion into the scientific discourse of the problematics of the Cirkassian presence in Mamluk Egypt, which affected the vector of the Istanbul- Circassia relations; 3) influence of the Ottoman military-political presence in Crimea and Caucasus (Caffa vicegerency) upon the character of Crimea- Circassia connections.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khisamutdinova A.F., Khairetdinova N.E. —
History of conceptualization of the term “excursion”: some aspects of historiography of the problem
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 7.
– P. 79 - 86.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.7.23183 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23183
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the notion of “excursion”, which undergone various interpretations within different historical periods. It had impact upon the character of historical research on this topic. In particular, the history of excursion affairs is currently being studied inseparably with tourism, and the initially educational nature of the excursion has become secondary. It is established that that the reason that tourism eluded the studying of excursion activity lies in insufficient reference of the modern educational facilities towards the excursion methods in the context of organizing the educational process. Prerevolutionary, Soviet, and contemporary works of the theoretician of excursion affairs alongside certain currently existing historical explorations served as a source base for writing this article. The scientific novelty is defined by separating the concept and word “excursion”. In fact, the history of excursion affairs must be considered since the time, when the word “excursion” has not yet introduced to the Russian language. The authors provide arguments, which prove the scientific novelty and relevance of such research.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Mikhailova E. —
The English House of the mid XIX – early XX century as the reflection of the Victorian era values
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 161 - 170.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24222 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24222
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Abstract:
Dwelling interior is a vivid reflection of the social and cultural realities typical for each historic period and region. The house arrangement can describe the social hierarchy, family values, role of each family member, comfort, coziness, feeling of homeliness, and private life in general. The subject of this research is the image of house presented in the English popular magazines of the mid XIX – early XX centuries that provide a description of a household in its regional and historical forms. The methodological framework of the research consists in the complex analysis of Victorian and Edwardian eras that demonstrate on the one hand, the deep transformations in the English everyday life associated with the intense development of mass culture, while on the other hand – the preservation of national values and views of the Englishmen. Since the mid XIX century, the magazines have dedicated articles and columns to house interior, progressively changing the space and forming new norms, tastes, views and values. Globalization and mass culture in multiple aspects blur the differences, unifying the space of everyday life with the material world. However, through the general trends, brands, materials, technologies, and interior features, there is a clear evidence of the national specificities and the established perceptions of the Englishmen about the coziness, comfort, and family as the key values of British society. Over the recent decades, the Russian and foreign science experiences a significant growth of interest towards the problems of everyday life, particularly the living space. This work is first to attract popular magazines as a source for studying the image of the English House, analyze the transformations that take place within the living space, human representations and values on the background of the developing mass culture.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tishkina K.A., Valkova K.V., Tishkina T.V. —
Perpetuation of the memory of an outstanding countryman as a social practice: the name of M.A. Vrubel in the urban space of Omsk in 1923
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 180 - 190.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.69435 EDN: CUURVO URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69435
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the social practice of the Omsk intelligentsia in the 1910s-1923 in order to perpetuate the memory of the artist M.A. Vrubel (1856-1910). The problem of preserving the historical memory of famous personalities of the past in the public consciousness is very relevant in modern historical science, since it largely determines the image and historical and cultural potential of the region. At the beginning of the XX century, the desire of the intelligentsia of large cities for the right to transform them into cultural and artistic centers of the region was recorded on the territory of Siberia. In this situation, the continuity of provincial and metropolitan culture, primarily carried out through famous countrymen, played an important role. In the 1910s, the appeal to the personality of M.A. Vrubel was of great importance in determining the identity of the Omsk artistic intelligentsia, ensuring the high status of Omsk as a cultural center of Siberia, as well as the heir and admirer of the creative traditions of the famous countryman. The subject field of the study correlates with the "history of memory", in which the treatment and attitude to the name of M.A. Vrubel in Omsk directly depended on historical time, the emergence of new needs, practices and meanings. Methodologically, the study is based on a socio-cultural approach that allows us to consider the role of M.A. Vrubel's personality in improving the image of Omsk in general, as well as the cultural level of its residents, in particular. Despite the fact that the personality of the master is important in determining the historical and cultural potential of Omsk, the information related to the initial stage of perpetuating his memory in the city is fragmentary. Based on archival documents, periodical materials and research on the topic, the authors characterized the process of founding the Omsk Art and Industrial College, as well as naming it after M.A. Vrubel in 1923, which laid the foundation for further involvement of the famous artist's name in the historical and cultural heritage of the region. It is concluded that despite the fact that M.A. Vrubel left Omsk in early childhood, subsequently the significant contribution of the master to the development of Russian art made his personality significant for the formation of the historical and cultural landscape of his native city.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korovchinskiy I. —
On the question of the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου in the economic inscriptions of Ai-Khanum
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 8.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.8.32347 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32347
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Abstract:
The subject of research in this article are inscriptions 117 and 119 from Ai-Khanum (Greco-Bactria, ΙΙ century BC) according to the numbering of Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum (part 2, volume 1). It is very likely that they are 2 copies of the same text, preserved in different ways. The purpose of the work is to determine the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου, the inscriptions found in the data, as well as the meaning of the data inscriptions in general, the understanding of which depends on the interpretation of these words. The significance of this kind of work is explained by the fact that the surviving written sources on the economy of Greco-Bactria are extremely brief and fragmentary, and every word in them is significant and weighty for the researcher. The method of work is constant comparative. The study of the considered inscriptions from Ai-Khanum on the basis of comparison with the papyri from the Zeno archive is being carried out for the first time. The papyri considered in the article, in our opinion, contain a number of textual parallels with the Greek-Bactrian inscriptions under consideration. Conclusions of the article: judging by the analogies from the named Egyptian texts, the words τοῦ ἡμιολίου ( literally "one and a half" in the genitive case) are a direct complement to the words ἀπὸ κεραμίων δύο ("from two ceramias") and indicate the overflow into one large vessel of olive oil in the volume of one whole ceramium (small vessel) and half of the second ceramium. At the end of the article, a new translation of the consolidated text of inscriptions 117 and 119 is given. The scope of the results is the source studies of the ancient world, the economic history of Greco–Bactria, the Hellenistic world and the ancient world.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zaótseva N.V. —
Secular etiquette and the "art of liking" in French moralistic literature of the XVII-XVIII centuries.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 2.
– P. 65 - 77.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.2.34998 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34998
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the French moralistic literature of the XVII - first half of the XVIII century. The author examines the period of the formation of the monarchy of the classical model, the time of the change of the heroic chivalrous ideal by the ideal of a noble, and then a gallant man.
This transition was due to the need for the coexistence of a large number of courtiers in a small space of the courtyard and occurred through the introduction to essentially humanistic concepts such as "civilit", "politesse" and a rationalistic model of thinking. This brought to life a flood of literature about life at court, the upbringing of a nobleman, courtesy, the art of being liked in the light, which swept the book market. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the analysis of numerous sources of the XVII - first half of the XVIII century on etiquette, demeanor and the art of being liked in the light. As a result, the author came to the conclusion that all this literature was of a practical nature. The manner of behavior, etiquette were not considered as a set of frozen rules. All these rules were aimed at educating and forming a society of noble people, which is based on respect for all participants in communication.
The relevance of this topic is that the analysis of French moralistic literature may be interesting for socio-cultural research. Since the new court ethos was embedded in the monarchical model and cemented by the ideology of the "noble" and then the "gallant" person.
In addition, the value system, etiquette and behavioral model that emerged in this era, reflected in the moralistic literature, formed the basis of communication, aesthetic assessments and value attitudes of the ruling elites not only of the XVII, but of the entire XVIII century. The principle of "the art of liking" developed in secular society extends not only to the sphere of communication, but also passes into the sphere of literature and art in general.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nadekhina Y.P., Geokchakyan A.G. —
Commercial and industrial world of Moscow and periodical press of the pre-revolutionary Russia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 1.
– P. 24 - 32.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.1.37272 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37272
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After St. Petersburg was proclaimed the capital of the Russian Empire, Moscow retained status of the first capital, which gave the city some substantial advantages. On the one hand, this is remoteness of the city from the central government, while on the hand – a well-developed infrastructure of the capital city. These peculiarities strongly affected the development of the Moscow periodical press. The author notes a considerable role of Moscow as one of the leading commercial and industrial centers of the Russian Empire. The goal of this article lies in the analysis of the areas of common interests of the Russian pre-revolutionary journalism and Moscow entrepreneurship. For achieving the set goal, the author analyzes the periodical press, memoirs of the contemporaries, and certain other sources. The conclusion is made that the close interaction between the Russian periodical press and Moscow entrepreneurship begins at the time of development capitalist relations in Russia. The three directions of such cooperation are observed by the early XX century: the press as a branch of entrepreneurship; periodical press as the sociopolitical platform for the representatives of commercial and industrial world of Moscow; and Russian entrepreneurs as the object of publications. Overall, the interaction of the press and Moscow entrepreneurship contributes to the formation of a unique image of pre-revolutionary Moscow.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Chepik M.V. —
Measures Undertaken by Far Eastern KGB Servicement To Suppress Subversive Activities of Foreign Secret Services in 1920 - 1922
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 3.
– P. 126 - 148.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.3.8738 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=8738
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The article is devoted to the issues of security of the buffer Far Eastern republic in the period of 1920 - 1922. The author of the article pays attention to a significant number of foreign intelligence agents acting in the territory of Far Eastern Republic and traces back the main areas of subversive activities performed by the foreign intelligence service in the Republic. The author describes the channels through which information was transfered abroad as well as the channels for supplying money to the Far Eastern part of Russia in order to finance illegal activities. The author describes goals, targets and methods of activities performed by foreign special services in the Far East. He also defines the spheres of activities of the White Guard intelligence service in the region and describes how the 'double agents' worked.
The author also touches upon the issue of the internal and external banditry in the Far East during the Civil War and Intervention and reveals operations performed by the State Political Security Service of the Far Eastern Republic in order to suppress the banditry.
The author describes the stages of formation of KGB service in the Far East and the main challenges it faced. At the end of the article the author concludes that the efforts undertaken by KGB servicemen actually led to posive results.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Buyanov S.S. —
Prospects of Using 3D-Technology for Developing Information Analytical Platform 'History of Modern Russia'
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 6.
– P. 75 - 97.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.6.13674 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=13674
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Active application 3D - technologies in historical and culturological researches began more than a quarter of the century back. However, despite constant increase in number large-scale 3D - projects in Russia and abroad, the question of efficiency of use of methods of three-dimensional visualization and "virtual reality" from the point of view of achievement of the set scientific and educational objects is a subject for further reflections and discussions. As one of the main tasks of further development of the information and analytical platform "History of Modern Russia" created with assistance of RGNF (project No. 13-31-11003) is increase of popularity of this resource, in work are investigated various 3D - technologies and projects from the point of view of an assessment of prospects of realization of similar approaches for attraction of interest of audience to questions of national history of the end of XX-of the beginning of the XXI centuries. Methods of induction, deduction, abstraction, formalization, systematization, comparison, other analytical methods were applied to the solution of research tasks. Advantages and shortcomings of various 3D technologies - scannings, and also opportunities, achievements and the main problems connected with use of methods of three-dimensional visualization for the solution of problems of preservation, research, restoration and reconstruction of objects of historical and cultural heritage are analysed. The assessment of prospects of use 3D - solutions for further development of the information and analytical platform "History of Modern Russia" is given.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sosenkov F.S. —
About the constitutional legal mechanism of counteraction to separatism in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 193 - 211.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.15031 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15031
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Abstract:
The subjects of research are constitutional and legal mechanisms for counteraction to separatism in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. To some extent, also addressed political and legal views of a separate Serbian and Croatian political leaders about the unity of Yugoslavia, as well as the ideas expressed by the Communist party of Yugoslavia, subsequently given legal expression. The aim of the work is to analyze legal (especially constitutional) mechanisms to counter the centrifugal political forces as provided for in the Yugoslav legislation. Special attention is paid to the measures enshrined in the Constitution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia of 1974. During the work used a chronological and historical approaches, the method of system analysis and partly modeling. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the formulation of the problem and the involvement of the materials previously underutilized for the needs of history of state and law of foreign countries within the affected perspective. The work performed allows us to conclude that the Yugoslav Federal authorities , despite the constant desire to improve the national-state system, was not developed effective measures to combat separatism and the preservation of the common state. However, the author comes to the conclusion that the experience of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (primarily bad) for the prevention of centrifugal forces and open to counter separatism is very useful for modern Federal States, built to national or mixed (national and territorial) principle.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nilogov A.S., Bogdanova I.I. —
What is the origin of the Roerich Dynasty?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 383 - 400.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.17237 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17237
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This article is dedicated to the solution of the question pertaining to the origin of the Roerich dynasty, one of whom was the renowned Russian painter Nicholas Roerich (1874-1947). The object of this research is the bloodline of N. K. Roerich, and the object is his direct male bloodline, which has been studied based on the material of metric books of the St. Petersburg Central State Historical Archive. Despite the fact that the painter himself was leaning towards the concept that he takes his roots from the chronical Novgorod duke Rurik, the discovered archive documents allowed him to completely reject this Varangian hypothesis. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time into the scientific discussion were introduced the authentic metric records on the representatives of the Roerich dynasty who resided in St. Petersburg during the late XIX and the early XX centuries. As a modern objective method of research, the author proposes to use the genetic expertise in order to determine the Y-haplogroup of one or another male representative of the Roerich dynasty.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Karpov G. —
Africans in Great Britain: the colonial period.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 19.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.6.22934 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22934
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The article is devoted to studying of African migrants of the colonial period, from the XVIth century up to the first half of the XX century. The subject of the study of the article is the number of migrants from Africa, the channels of African migration to the metropolis, the employment of Africans, and their socioeconomic status. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the slave trade and the missionary movement on the African communities of Great Britain. Trends and tendencies of the first half of the XX century are considered in details. They prejudged the dramatic changes in the size of the population and the situation with British Africans in the second half of the ÕÕ century - at the beginning of the XXI century.Scientific novelty of the work lies in the detailed questions of the size of the population and the situation with British Africans concerning the employment sector of the colonial period. Until the beginning of the decolonization process the number of African migrants in Britain remained totally insignificant, not more than 10,000-20,000 people. The results of the study provide support for concluding that Africans had the possibility to be engaged in a wide array of activities, take part in social and religious activities, even trying to assert their rights and to combat discrimination.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Brovina A. —
Scientific research of the territory of the European Northeast of Russia in the XX century: information potential of personal funds of the scientists of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 82 - 101.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24226 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24226
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The subject of this research is the historical role of the scientific community in the cognition and development of the northern territories of Russia. The object is the information potential of personal funds of the scientists in the context of scientific development of the northern territories of Russia in the XX century. The author examines the documentary heritage of scientists of the European Northeast of Russia in the XX century, preserved in the funds of the Scientific Archive of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Particular attention is paid to the funds that reflect the development of the key scientific areas for studying the northern territories – the history of geological, biological and humanitarian research. Examination of the personal funds of scientists of a particular region is a relevant trend in studying the archive funds, which is associated with keeping the modern documentary systems in the archives that allow preserving the knowledge of an individual of a specific historical era, as well as capturing mental peculiarities of the society. The conducted analysis is of great interest for the historians of science for studying the major milestones of life and creative path of the scientists, as well as contribute into the development of Russian science. Author’s special contribution lies in the introduction into the scientific circulation of the vast documentary complex of personal origin that indicates the input of the scientific community towards cognition and development of the northern territories of Russia. It is determined that the personal funds of scientists may differ in quantitative and conceptual indexes, but always retain the typical structure usually presented in list of information blocks: science, teaching, organization of science, epistolary style, visuals. It manifests as a certain model, which through a particular set of documents on one hand is an example of a person with his interests, hobbies, life stages, career; while on the other – a slice of a specific historical period of the era itself. The unique materials of the funds cover the history of scientific study of the Northern territories of Russia; provide an opportunity to assess personal contribution of the scientists into the scientific community and development of academic science in the Russian North in the XX century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bakharev D.V. —
"It is impossible not only to provide for all the needs of places of detention caused by overcrowding, but also to feed prisoners": interdepartmental financial disputes on the eve of the birth of the Soviet camp system (1928-1929).
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 98 - 111.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.38344 EDN: FBDOFY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38344
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The subject of the study is the financial and economic prerequisites of the hardware confrontation on the strategy and priorities of the development of the Soviet correctional labor system, observed at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. Archival documents of that era are analyzed, indicating that the NKVD of the RSFSR and its subordinate Main Directorate of places of detention in the specified period experienced an acute shortage of funds for the maintenance of constantly an increasing contingent of prisoners. The leadership of the People's Commissariat (V. N. Tolmachev) and GUMZ (E. G. Shirvindt) made significant hardware efforts to eliminate the shortage of monetary resources and, with the support of the SNK of the RSFSR, sometimes even acted bypassing the People's Commissariat of Finance of the RSFSR for these purposes. Therefore, including for this reason, it categorically refused to participate in the financing of measures to create new correctional labor camps under the auspices of the OGPU. At the same time, representatives of the NKVD opposed the very idea of expanding the camp system and transferring other categories of prisoners to the OGPU in addition to those convicted of counterrevolutionary crimes. The article also cites other archival documents, which, together with the rest of the sources analyzed in it, cast doubt on the well-established opinion that the head of the NKVD V. N. Tolmachev was one of the initiators of the project of transition to a mass system of camp organization of forced labor of prisoners in the USSR.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Brovina A. —
The Soviet Academy of Sciences and industrial modernization of the country: historical experience of the development of near-Arctic territories of Russia (1920’s – 1930’s)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 7.
– P. 57 - 65.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.7.26605 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26605
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The subject of this research is the historical role of the Russian Academy of Sciences in academic exploration of the near-Arctic territories of the European North of Russia during the 1920’s and 1930’s. The author analyzes the sociopolitical reforms that led to inclusion of the Academy of Sciences into the Soviet industrial-political project. Special attention is given to the expeditionary work of the Academy of Sciences that unfolded in the 1920’s – 1930’s on the territories of Kola Peninsula and Northern Krai and led to a number of discoveries, valuable for the development of separate disciplines and geography overall, as well as nature and population of the northern territories of the country. The article proves that the industrial development of the North within the framework of industrial modernization of the country is considered one of the tasks that was proclaimed by the Bolshevik authorities and “imposed” upon the Soviet Academy of Sciences. The academic community of the country proposed and implemented a number of interdisciplinary promising projects on the Kola Peninsula and Northern Krai that resulted in discovery of the immense mineral deposits in the European North, opening the vast prospects for the economic and cultural development and potential status of one of the important economic regions of the country.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Putilin S.V. —
Cognitive values of service population in Western Siberia of the XVII century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 8.
– P. 35 - 39.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.8.27010 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27010
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The subject of this research is the service population in Western Siberia of the XVII century; the object is their intellectual values, particularly cognitive. The author examines the questions of cognitive attitude towards reality of the service people: language instruments of cognition and consciousness. Special attention is given to the subjective perception of cognitive values, revealing their structure and content, conceptual meaning and interrelation. The definitions of cognitive values from the standpoint of service people – language and knowledge are provided; the peculiarities of interpretation of cognitive values from the perspective of the context of events are described. Among the main conclusions of the conducted research is the understanding of the value of cognition and information for service population as paramount from the perspective of professional activity, variety of cognitive values in form of verbal and written speech, knowledge, mentality and mind in different forms. The author’s contribution lies in the interdisciplinary method of research, historical-anthropological approach to studying service population, implementation of contemporary information technologies and comprehensive analysis of the sourced. The scientific novelty is defined by formulation of practical mechanisms on conceptualization of the socio-psychological phenomena of service people and their intellectual values.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kopyrina S.N. —
Factory Settlements of State-Owned Enterprises in Ural in the 20-50s of the XVIII Century.
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 1.
– P. 11 - 25.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.1.39645 EDN: BCQHZK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39645
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The subject of the study are residents of factory settlements of state-owned factories in the Urals. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the social and living conditions of living and working conditions of employees and factory workers. The basis of the study is the office documents of the Siberian Oberbergamt (Office of the Chief Executive of the Board since 1734), stored in the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk region. Special attention is paid to the conditions of the formation of settlements around the factories, the main categories of the population and their quantitative composition are determined. The duration of working hours, occupations of residents on weekends and holidays are considered. The system of receiving salaries of the officer mining corps, employees, the amount of remuneration of the main categories of workers has been studied. The analysis of prices for basic foodstuffs, clothing, shoes, household economy, living conditions of residents of factory settlements is presented. The novelty of the study is to identify the average wage for various categories of workers. The available materials on the living conditions of the inhabitants of the mining Urals allow us to conclude that the population of factory settlements was heterogeneous in social structure. The population of factory settlements mainly had their own housing, which varied by category of positions held. The remuneration of most of the factory workers varied from 18 to 30 rubles. The household economy of the population of factory settlements was also under the management of the Office, which kept records of pasture lands. The number of holidays and days off for factory workers was regulated by the provisions of the Instructions to the Factory commissioner dated October 16, 1723.
A special contribution of the author in the study of the topic is the compilation of summary tables on the number of population of state-owned factories in the Urals, identifying the features of the activities of V.I. Gennin and V.N. Tatishchev on the organization of working hours and rest time of factory workers.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sukiasyan A.A. —
The evolution of state investment policy in Russia during the late 1980’s – 1990’s: historical context
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 14 - 24.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.9.27352 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27352
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Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the historical experience of the establishment of state investment policy in Russia at the initial stage of market reforms. The subject of this research is the complex of conceptual, legal and social components on the Russian investment policy during the late 1980’s – 1990’s. The goal consists in description of the role of the Russian investment policy in the context of formation of the new sociopolitical and economic space of the country, including the peculiarities of the process of establishment of state investment strategy, as well as demonstration of the importance of investment problematic for the Russian business press, national business community, and others. The article is conducted on the basis of the principles of historicism, use of systemic analysis, methods of retrospect and actualization, and interdisciplinary approach. As a result, the author restores the image of the establishment and implementation of state investments policy in Russia during the late 1980’s – 1990’s. The scientific novelty lies in determination of the role and place of investment policy in the context of modernization transit of the 1990’s. The author comes to a conclusion that the indicated period in the history of Russian investment policy is characterizes by the intense creation of program documents and legal acts, the practical implementation of which was hindered by the fragmentariness of development of the market system as a whole. Herewith, the priorities of the modern Russian investment policy were formulated in the 1990’s.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pererva E.V., Kapinus Y.O. —
Injuries among the population of timber-grave time of Volga Region (based on anthropological materials of III and IV Krasnosamarsky gravesites)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 10.
– P. 98 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.10.30814 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30814
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Abstract:
The bone relics of 103 individuals from the burial sites Krasnosamarsky III and IV served as the material for this research. Archeological complexes Krasnosamarsky III and IV are located in territory of Kinelsky municipal districts of Samara Region. The explored bone relics belong to the timber-grave culture of Bronze Age; out of 103 individuals, there were 21 skeletons of men, 15 of women, 63 of children and 3 of teenagers. In the course of working with anthropological material, the authors applied the standard program for assessing pathological occurrences on the bones of postcranial skeleton and skull, developed by A. P. Buzhilova (1995, 1998). The injury rate among the population buried in the mounds of III and IV Krasnosamarsky gravesites was factored by frequency of the records of injuries on the skull and bones of postcranial skeleton. Usage of the method of recording pathologies on the human bone relics, as the foundation for conducting reconstruction of lifestyle of the ancient societies, gains population in the modern historical and biological science in Russia and abroad. Most frequently identified pathologies in exploring anthropological collections are injuries and deformations of different etiology on the scull, dentition, and bones of postcranial skeleton. The goal of this research consists in the analysis and assessment of the nature of injuries discovered in the bone relics of population buried in the mounds of III and IV Krasnosamarsky gravesites, dating back to the Late Bronze Age
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Domogashev O.S. —
Current trends in development of wrestling in the Altai Republic, Republic of Khakassia and Tyva Republic (on the materials of regulatory legal acts)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 4.
– P. 46 - 58.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.4.32436 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32436
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the wrestling in the Altai Republic, Republic of Khakassia and Tyva Republic. The subject is the current trends in development of wrestling in these regions. The goal consists in examination of the key vectors in development of wrestling in the period from 1990’s to the first decade of the XXI century based on the materials of regulatory legal acts. The insufficient knowledge on this topic within the framework of historical science is underlined. The research material broadens the scientific knowledge on the history of wrestling in the Altai Republic, Republic of Khakassia and Tyva Republic. The main source for this research became the federal and regional regulatory legal acts on physical education and sports. The novelty of this work consists in the analysis of individual regulatory legal documents on physical education and sports, and their impact upon the development of wrestling in the aforementioned republics. A conclusion is drawn on the intensive development of wrestling, including its national varieties – khuresh, kures, kuras; as well as female wrestling, future development prospects of this sport in the named republics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Borisov A.A., Pavlova-Borisova T.V. —
The image of Tygyn in Yakut culture: problems of preservation and maintenance
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 11.
– P. 88 - 105.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.11.34121 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34121
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the image of Tygyn in Yakut culture. The subject of this research is the factors of preservation and maintenance of the image of the medieval ruler of Yakut people – Tygyn in modern culture of Yakutia. The authors examine the characteristic of the folklore and historical image of Tygyn. It is underlined that certain archetypes continue to play an important role in Yakut culture, for example, in folklore, literature, musical art, theater it is the archetype of the ruler reelected in the image of Tygyn. The article analyzes reference to this image in modern culture on the example of Yakut cinematography. The following conclusions were made: the authors believe, that modern Yakut culture still preserves archetype of the ruler reflected in the image of Tygyn, as it forms collective spirit of solidarity of Yakut people united around the image of a powerful forefather, prominent ruler and consolidator of Yakut nation. Its active manifestation in different forms of art, for example, in recently released film “Tygyn Darkhan”, alongside its stability, is based on the fact that people of art of Yakutia often reconstruct the archetypal forms of culture in their works, believing that the preserved ethnic traditions is the immense resource for further development of art.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Antropov R.V. —
The German legal education in historical aspect
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 311 - 321.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.16346 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16346
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Abstract:
The modern classical legal education in Germany is a legacy of the Prussian model of judicial training, which in its development has repeatedly transformed, reflecting the political changes and the mood of German society according to the chronology of the historical development of the state. The importance of the study of the German legal education is predetermined by high achievements of the German legal culture, long-standing university traditions and huge intellectual potential of the German historical schools of law, it is impossible to ignore the reformatting of policy of Russia towards the European educational standards.However, for foreign publications, regarding the history of the German legal education, the certain deficiencies and fragmentariness are characterized, and the works of historians of law and comparativists of our country touch on this aspect only in very small degree. The author offers the reader the historical reliability representation about the system of judicial training in Germany in dynamics of its development, built on the basis of use of special historical methods (historical-comparative, historical-systematic, retrospective, synchronic and diachronic analysis and others).The results of the study can be estimated with a number of positions: historical-legal, political, academic and scientific-methodical.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tushkanov D.I. —
What was being read in Tsaritsyno at the end of the XIX century?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 130 - 136.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.18495 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18495
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the sociocultural image of the district city of Saratov province in the late XIX century. The article also explores the question of what newspapers and magazines were subscribed to and read by the inhabitants of the town of Tsaritsyno at the end of the XIX century. The object of this study is the provincial periodicals of the late XIX century. Special attention is given to the establishment and development of the first Tsaritsyno newspaper "Volga-Don paper", which reflected various issues and problems of the local life of the late nineteenth century, including consideration of the question of subscription of the citizens to the periodicals. The research methodology stems from a sociocultural approach, which means study of the culture as a wide range of social phenomena, which represent the tools and results of social development. A special place also belongs to the periodicals, which on the one hand represent a sociocultural phenomenon, while on the other – means of reflection of various sociocultural processes of reality. The author concludes that the city had a great need for periodicals and, in particular, the establishment of local press. Based on the materials of the first Tsaritsyno newspaper the author presents previously unpublished information about what periodicals the Tsaritsyno residents subscribed to in the last quarter of the XIX century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Trofimov E.V. —
Political-legal aspects of establishment of the Soviet one-party state (1917-1922)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 74 - 98.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.20002 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20002
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The object of this research is the relations of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party and the Russian Communist Party with other political parties after the[WU1] February Revolution of 1917, which ended with a complete monopolization of authority by the Bolsheviks and elimination of other parties. The political processes are examined simultaneously with the legal limitation of multiparty system and political pluralism. The author reviews the following important milestones: establishment of the Soviet one-party state, October Revolution, All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies, formation of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Commissars, negotiations in the All-Russian Executive Committee of the Union of Railwaymen, and political defeat of the “Right Bolsheviks”, All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Peasants' Deputies, etc. The causes and circumstances of elimination of political pluralism during the first five years of Soviet government are analyzed using the official documents, materials of the activity of representative institutions, as well a works of V. I. Lenin. The author explores the changes in the Soviet legislation concerning the freedom of activity of the political parties, as well as the process of elimination of political parties and their integration with the Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In the context of Bolsheviks’ struggle for power against other parties, the article gives a political-legal evaluation to the activity of a number of representative institutions, and mutual positions of Bolsheviks and other political parties during the civil war. The role of coincidences and objective processes in strengthening of Bolsheviks’ dictatorship is demonstrated.
[WU1]
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yankovskaya M.S. —
Paris and Exposition Universelle of 1889 in perception of the Russian journalists
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 110 - 116.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24122 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24122
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the impressions of Paris experienced by the Russian journalists during their visit of the Exposition Universelle in 1889. Attention is focused in the cross-cultural dialogue between France and Russia right before concluding the military-political alliance. The history of the world expositions can be viewed as a mirror of international politics that also reflects the peculiarities of mentality and domestic policy of the member-states. In the course of the research, the author applied the methods of internal and external criticism, as well as extensively used the interdisciplinary approach, elements of statistical analysis, culturological and art methods. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the world expositions are the manifestation of mass visual culture. These are the most accessible forms for cognizing the culture of other countries intelligible for the extensive audience, which gradually substitute the exclusive culture. In addition, the novelty is associated with the methodology of imagological studies, namely consideration of the mutual representations and stereotypes of perception.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tokmurzayev B. —
Siberian Regionalism as an intellectual and socio-political movement in the epistolary and scientific-journalistic heritage of G.N. Potanin
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 6.
– P. 54 - 62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.38021 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38021
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The article is devoted to the problem of reception by the leader of the Siberian regionalism G.N. Potanin, factors of formation, circumstances of development and evolution of the regional movement as an ideology that was formed in the conditions of colonization in the outlying (Siberian) regions of the Russian Empire. The object of the research is the socio-political discourse of Russia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The subject of the study is Siberian regionalism as an intellectual and socio-political movement in the epistolary and scientific-journalistic heritage of G.N. Potanin. The purpose of this article is to identify the ideas of G.N. Potanin about regionalism as an intellectual and socio-political movement that was formed in the active phase of his life biography. In methodological terms, the formulation of the problem, its solution and conclusions are provided by approaches and practices tested within the framework of the research direction new cultural and intellectual history, one of the problematic fields of which is intellectual biography and discursive practices. Within the framework of this article, the concept of “representation” is the semantic one, reflecting the subjective interpretation of the historical reality by G.N. Potanin in connection with the functioning of the regional movement as a sociocultural phenomenon. The sources of the research are the scientific and journalistic writings of G.N. Potanin and his extensive epistolary heritage, which captured the ideas of one of the leaders of the regionalists about the evolution of the movement in the wide chronological boundaries of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The author concludes that the history of regionalism as an intellectual and social movement was closely associated with the biographical context of the fate of the leaders of the movement. This fact, according to G.N. Potanin determined the evolution of the regional ideology, which has come a long way from manifestations of local patriotism, radical political delusions, to the construction of an original concept based on the recognition of Siberia as a colony of Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Babintseva E.A. —
To the question of history of environmental protection in Germany of the XI-XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1 - 6.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.6.26280 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26280
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In the course of this research, the author focuses attention on the combination of historical processes that unfolded in terms of the establishment of modern environmental concept in Germany. The object of the article is the process of formation of the environmental consciousness as an aspect that throughout the centuries affected the fundamental spheres of social life. In the subject review the author refers to the indicated process through the prism of development of environmental protection in Germany. An analysis is conducted of the internal processes, their space and time metamorphoses and correlation with the establishment in the late XX century of the concept of enviromentalization of the German territories – the way to understand the reason of German establishment as one of the leading environmental states that support the paradigm of ecocentrism in Europe and the world. The article applies the inversion and deductive characters of analysis of the historical events since the postwar period and industrialization era until the ancient times of existence of the state (XI-XX centuries). The main conclusion consists in consideration of Germany as a state with an invaluable experience of environmental protection with the centuries-long history, which currently can be implemented in a number of destitute countries in the world. In the second half of the XX century, the country being in the state of severe crisis, in the short period of time took the center stage with regards to environmental indexes, as well as became a benchmark on multiple aspects. Germany must be viewed as a country with rich history of establishment of the ecocentric paradigm in society.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pastushenko A.A. —
Criminal liability for unlawful use of budget funds in accordance with the Russian Penal Code of 1845
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 41 - 46.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.1.26678 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26678
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the questions of criminal liability in accordance with the Russian Penal Code of 1845 for violations, the object of which is the social relations established in terms of the use of budget funds. The author comprehensively analyzes the Penal Code of 1845 for determining regulations that form the mechanism of legal protection of budget funds, particularly from the infringement of public officials, as well as conducts their systemic research and comparison. In the course of this study, the following methods were applied: historical-legal, comparative-historical, comparative-legal, formal-logical and systemic. The specific characteristics of such criminal law standards are described. The conclusion is made on the presence in the Russian Penal Code of 1845 of the ramified system of penal prohibitions in the financial-budgetary sphere. The author concludes on the possibility of use of the separate regulation of Penal Code of 1845 in the current criminal law of the Russian Federation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Pererva E.V. —
Anthropology of population of the pre-Sarmatian period from near Kurgan graves of the Lower Volga territory (paleopathological aspect)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 8.
– P. 81 - 93.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.8.26917 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26917
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The subject of this research is the paleopathological peculiarities detected on the anthropological materials of pre-Sarmatian period from graves of the Lower Volga Region. Bioarcheological approach applied in examination of the skeletal remains expands the representation on the lifestyle of population of the pre-Sarmatian period. As the foundation for this research served the anthropological materials of 14 adult individuals; all of them had braincase and only five people the bones of postcranial skeleton. Paleopathological analysis of skeletal remains was based on the descriptive macro-morphological methodology developed by A. P. Buzhilova (1992, 1995, 1998). In archeological and historical science much attention was given to the problems of chronology and periodization of artifacts of the pre-Sarmatian period, as well as the questions of ethnic and language affiliation of population. In the course of paleopathological study of skeletal remains from the graves of pre-Sarmatian period of the Lower Volga territory, the author established the existence of the specific age and gender disharmonies. Examination of the state of dentition demonstrated that the people likely had a nomadic lifestyle and their diet consisted of the meat and dairy products. The proofs of belonging of the skeletons of Cimmerian period to the nomadic world of the early Iron Age could also be the signs of cold stress, specific injuries and a rare disease frontal hyperostosis.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kuchumov I.V. —
The impact of evacuation of population and factories from western regions of the USSR upon socioeconomic processes in Bashkiria during the Great Patriotic War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 10.
– P. 84 - 93.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.10.27448 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27448
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The subject of this research is the role of Russian population in the socioeconomic processes of Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) during the Great Patriotic War. This event let to substantial quantitative and qualitative changes in socio-demographic composition of population of the Bashkir ASSR, which affected the economic potential of the region, as wells as had direct or indirect influence on the role of Bashkortostan in political space of the country. Reminiscence of those years define the specificity of ethnic, social, economic and to a certain extent political development of Bashkortostan at the present stage. The article applies the comparison of statistical data on demography and economics with the records derived from the narrative sources. The article demonstrates that despite the severe economic and humanitarian losses, the Great Patriotic War led to a surge in the economic regard, including influx of the evacuated workforce and acceleration of urbanization. Dwelling of the evacuated academic, university and engineering-technical personnel in Bashkiria contributed to significant economic and cultural progress of the region. Thus, in the beginning of 1990’s, the region became one of the initiators and leaders of the “sovereignty parade”, influencing the character of political processes in post-Soviet Russia. Moreover, the formed during the wartime industrial capacity of the republic allowed partially compensating the difficulties, caused by the transition to market economy in the 1990’s.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Grigor'eva Y.G. —
Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 24 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28518
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the history of establishment and dynamics of Mongolian-Korean relations, changes in the form and line of cooperation, as well as the peculiarities of bilateral interaction in the XX century. The establishment and development of Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century took place in the terms of the replacement of several international systems, world wars and revolutions. Historical studies of the cooperation between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea in the XX century is of prime importance for examination of the evolution and current situation in the Mongolian-Korean relations. Methodological foundation contains the general scientific and special research methods: comparative-historical analysis allowed familiarizing with the problem state according to the materials from various sources; contrastive-comparative method allowed conducting synthesis, analogy, systematization of facts, events and phenomena, as well as generalization of data that illustrates the vector and dynamics of development of the relations between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea; chronological method was aimed at determination of the stages of establishment and advancement of cooperation, and qualitative changes in this process; logical method defined the problems and trends in studying the history of Mongolian-Korean relations. The scientific novelty consists in introduction of historical analysis of the Mongolian-Korean relations in the XX century using the relevant and insufficiently studied material in Mongolian and Russian languages. This allowed to objectively assess the process of establishment and development of bilateral cooperation, as well as observe its new facets.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yashchuk T. —
The activity of Legal Commission of the Council of Ministers of USSR with regards to systematization of legislation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 89 - 102.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.6.29746 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29746
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the exercise of powers of Legal Commission of the Council of Ministers of USSR with regards to systematization of Soviet legislation. The author determines the reasons for its establishment, describes the institutionalization process of the Legal Commission, its genetic affinity to a number of commissions dealt with systematization of legislation during the 1920’s. The subject of this research is particularized with chronological framework. The author analyzes the entire period of operation of the Commission, since the organizational activities in 1956 and until the delegation of authorities to the Ministry of Justice of USSR in 1970. The research methodology contains the methods of historicism, formal-legal, and functional. The article examines the arrangement and activity of Legal Commission from the perspective of historicism due to democratization of the political regime and state apparatus reform. The formal-legal method allows identifying and analyzing the core regulatory acts that establish the inner structure and powers of the Legal Commission. The functional method is used for characterizing the key vectors in the activity of Legal Commission on systematization of legislation. The scientific novelty consists in determining a status of Legal Commission of the Council of Ministers of USSR, which due to abolition of the Ministry of Justice of USSR, centralized its fundamental functions on systematization of legislation, and partially the lawmaking functions. The author underlines its role in the developing sectoral framework of the national legislation, finding outdated acts and their further abrogation, comprising the chronological collection of legislative acts and government decisions of the Soviet Union, followed by systematic collection.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I., Churkin M.K. —
Agrarian colonization of Western Siberia and Governor-Generalship of the Steppes in the sociopolitical discourse of the late XIX – early XX century
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 9.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.1.31716 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31716
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The subject of this article is the content and channels of representation of sociopolitical discourse on agrarian colonization of Western Siberia and Governor-Generalship of the Steppes in the late XIX – early XX century. The article gives characteristics to sociocultural, sociopolitical and economic contexts of resettlement movement to Western Siberia and Governor-Generalship of the Steppes, which became the basis for discourse on the key questions of agrarian colonization with regards to imperial understanding of the causes and results of incorporation of Trans-Ural territories into Russia. Methodological foundation contains approaches recorded in the scientific research practices of the “new imperial history”, which allow determining the way that the authorities and Russian society “pictured” and structuralized the imperial space, developing the adequate projects and implementing the practices of incorporation of suburbs into the imperial domain. Based on the extensive circle of published sources, the conclusion is made, according to which the actualization of agrarian question in the European governorates of Russia became an objective condition for the formation of grounds of sociopolitical discourse on agrarian colonization. The current political events in suburbs of the empire, which invoked diametrically opposed response of the liberals and national conservatives in the discourse, became the background of bringing the topic into discussion.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ermolaeva E., Gruzdev A. —
Christian Church in the movement for democracy in the Republic of Korea (1960s – 1970s)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 3.
– P. 24 - 36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.3.35293 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35293
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Abstract:
The Republic of Korea underwent intensive industrialization in the 1960s – 1970s, followed by a range of sociocultural transformations. The society suffered changes, and the fact that the government restricted freedom in sociopolitical environment and undertook unpopular economic decisions made this process even more painful. This led to the formation of civil opposition. The composition of the participants in the movement against the dictatorship was diverse, and all of them to one or another extent infringed on their rights. An interesting nuance of the movement for democracy in South Korea is the role of the Christian Church in its consolidation. The subject of this research is the Christian Church in the movement against dictatorship in the Republic of Korea. The goal is to analyze the process of the Christian church's joining the protest movement. The questions of interaction between the society and religious circles, the level of Church engagement in the social processes remain on the agenda in many countries. The novelty of this work is defined by articulation of the problem. The emphasis is placed on the motives of social participation of the Christian Church in South Korea, its interaction with the society and government structures. The following conclusions were made: joining the antigovernment movement by the Protestant and Catholic churches in South Korea is first and foremost associated with their pursuit to expand their range of influence, increase the number of believers prevailing in the competition, and secondly – with the response to authoritarian methods of governing the country. The interaction between society and the Church within the framework of democratic movement was mutually advantageous. The level of involvement of various religious organizations differed, but all Christian denominations represented in South Korea in one way or another proved themselves in the fight against the dictatorship.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Akhatov A.T. —
Woodworking tools of the Bashkirs in the XVI I– XVIII centuries (based on the data of archaeological and written materials)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 250 - 259.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.37169 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37169
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the woodworking tools of the Bashkirs in in the XVII– XVIII centuries. The goal lies in examination of the tools used by the Bashkirs for wood processing during the XVII – XVIII centuries leaning on the archaeological materials obtained in the course of exploration of Aznayevo settlement and Berekovo rural localities. The article also involves the written record of the authors of the late XVIII sources and the data of historical-ethnographic researcher of later periods. The research relies in the comprehensive approach of the available archaeological, written and ethnographic materials; as well as descriptive, historical-comparative methods, and analysis of real sources. This article is first to examine the woodworking tools used by the Bashkirs in XVII – XVIII centuries. The archaeological collections allows establishing that the Bashkirs used axes, knives, scraper, graver and drill for wood processing. For basket weaving from bast and birch bark was used the curved awl. According to the written sources, the woodworking tools also included adzes and chisels. The explored archaeological and written materials allow concluding that the woodworking tools of the XVII – XVIII centuries continued to exist among the Bashkir population until the XIX – early XXI centuries, which is proven by the results of historical-ethnographic research.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Koroleva L., Mol'kin A.N. —
Religious Beliefs of the Soviet Population in 1960 - 1980 (the Case of the Penza Region)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 17 - 23.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.1.10344 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=10344
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Abstract:
The object of the author of the article is to arrange for the research of religiousness of the population in the USSR for the purpose of scientific justification of process of an ateization of the Soviet people; level of religiousness of the population of the USSR in the 1960-1980th (commission of various ceremonies, social and demographic characteristics of believers, a national identity, etc.) on the basis of sociological researches of inhabitants of the Penza region. The Penza region was typical regional formation of the Central Russia. The main tendencies of religiousness of the population, activity of believers, foldings and developments of the relations of the state and religious formations in scales of all country are rather accurately traced on the example of the Penza region, having thus the specifics. As a teoretiko-methodological basis of research the principles of objectivity were chosen; historicism; the systemacities, the full account social and subjective in an object of research and the greatest possible neutralization of the prejudiced relation of the scientist at interpretation and an assessment of the facts. The principles of social and psychological approach and the principle of a correctness and tactfulness in an assessment of the actual material were as far as possible applied. Novelty of research is that religiousness of the population in the USSR in the 1960-1980th is for the first time studied. on the example of inhabitants of the Penza region; - in a scientific turn the layer of specific archival sources which wasn't demanded earlier owing to various reasons is introduced for the first time.Conclusions:- from the point of view of religiousness of the population the Penza edge represented obviously unsuccessful region: the area surpassed all in level of religious ceremonialism the others of Central Volga Area;- religiousness of the population of the Penza region continued to remain stable and rather high for the 1960-1980th.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bredikhin V.E. —
Processing industry in Tambov Oblast during the period of 1941-1945
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 393 - 419.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.15632 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15632
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Abstract:
Based on the example of functioning of Tambov Oblast processing branches of industry, the author gives evaluation to the efficiency of the planned-centralized economy in the conditions of the wartime. The object of this research is the combination of branches of light and food industries that belong to the industry group B, the strategic importance of which during the wartime consisted in the food and clothes supply of the army and fabric-factory population of the base. A special attention is given to the questions of local subordination as the only source of supply of the local population throughout the war. The authors examines the industrial base potential, difficulties of economic restructuring of the real sector and the ways to overcome them, as well as the results of carrying out the government projected tasks. This article is first to analyze on the example of the materials of Tambov Oblast the effect of the government industrial policy during the period of “socialistic reconstruction of economy” upon the work of the Soviet processing industry under the conditions of the Great Patriotic War. The author makes a conclusion on the complete retargeting of the processing branches towards the supply of the battle needs; their objective incapability to carry out government projected tasks and meet the needs of the local population with the living essentials due to human resources, material-technical, as well as mineral and fuel issues; negative influence upon the industrial indexes in the light and food sectors of the prewar industrial policy of the government aimed at stimulating the heavy industry branches.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shayakhmetova T.E. —
Medical police in the Russian Empire of the XIX – beginning of XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 63 - 78.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.15908 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=15908
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Abstract:
The material welfare of the people depends on the implementation of government measures aimed at protecting the health of the population. The preservation of life and health it is necessary for the purpose of man, and to the safety and welfare of the state. These measures are the subject of the medical activities of the police. Under medical police should understand the system provided for by the legislation of the measures undertaken by the government and aimed at ensuring healthy living conditions, prevention of illnesses by removing the causes that contribute to their occurrence, and termination of diseases encountered.Methodological basis of research is the dialectical-materialist method of cognition of socio-legal phenomena, and the legal history, systemic-structural, comparative legal, logical-theoretical and specific scientific methods of study regulatory documents in conjunction with a systematic approach and analysis. The main conclusion of the conducted research was the provision that the police took an active part in activities aimed at protecting the health of the population of the Russian Empire in the XIX – early XX centuries, which was one of the ways to ensure the safety and welfare of the state. Measures of medical police were concentrated in the Arch of institutions and statutes on medical civil part, which was included in T. XIII of the code of laws of the Russian Empire of 1832, published in the edition of 1857 as Charter medical has become the fundamental legal act regulating medical-sanitary activities in Russia until 1917.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
The Acts of Russian Communist Party-the Communist Party of the Soviet Union-All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Soviet law. Reasoning on S. A. Tokmin’s dissertation “Party Acts in the System of the Soviet Legal Sources”
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 2.
– P. 127 - 135.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.2.18529 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18529
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Abstract:
This article present the review of S. A. Tokmin’s dissertation dedicated to the complex and little-studied problem of the Russian historical legal science – the place and role of Russian Communist Party-the Communist Party of the Soviet Union-All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in the system of the Soviet legal sources. The author of the dissertation made an attempt to conduct a comprehensive examination of the problematics from the perspective of the theory and history of state and law; based on the various methods of studying the legal phenomena, he also explores the party acts as the source of normative-legal information. The highlighted in the dissertation positions represent a scientific interest for understanding the peculiarities of lawmaking in the Soviet period of state-legal development of our country. The author presents his own vision of the party acts in the system of Soviet legal sources, as well as analyzes the correlation between the party regulations with legal, and gives an interesting author’s classification of the party acts.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ryabkova O.A. —
Siberian «Regionalists» (A. P. Shchapov, G. N. Potanin, N. M. Yadrintsev) On The Situation Of The Peoples Of Siberia In The Russian Empire
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 3.
– P. 252 - 259.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.3.18896 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18896
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Abstract:
This article explores the poinst of view of historians of the second half of the XIX century, representatives of the regional history" concept, pertaining to the status of the people of Siberia during its colonization and their inclusion into the population of the Russian State. The ideas of the Siberian "regionalists" on the status of Siberian residents as a part of the Russian Empire represent a great scientific interest. The foundation for the analysis consists of the works of A.P. Shchapov, G.N. Potanin, M.N. Yadrintsev dedicated to this topic. The article gives attention to the interaction between the Russian and Siberian ethnic groups, processes of assimilation, population decline, provision of civil rights to Siberian population, alongside their education. The author determines the role and significance of the Siberian intelligentsia in solution of the problems of indigenous population. In this context, the positive and the negative impact of colonization policy of the Russian State upon the development of the population Siberia is being examined.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dzhazzan F.Z. —
Iraq War of 2003 and position of the Syrian Arab Republic
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 45 - 51.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24686 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24686
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the Iraq War and its impact upon the international relations. The author examines the domestic causes for war, as well as external factors that predetermines its transition into the acute, military phase. The article analysis its effect upon the entire range of international relations in the region, as well as defines the position of leading countries of the Near and Middle East regarding the conflict around Iraq. Special attention is given to the foreign political strategy of the United States in the zone of Persian Gulf alongside the project of creation of the Large Near East. The author applies the most recent publications in Arab and English languages, some of which are introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. This allows conducting a comprehensive analysis of the task at hand in the context of serious transformations within the system of international and regional relations. As a result of this work, the author was able to identify the most essential factor.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khomyakov S.V. —
Attributes of the Ideology of Communism in the Old Believer Village of the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR in 1920s-1930s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 12.
– P. 96 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.12.39379 EDN: YZFOMW URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39379
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Abstract:
The subject of the research in the article is the problem of the real functioning of the elements of communist ideology (after 10 years of Bolshevik power) in rural areas, significantly remote from the capital's proletarian center both in territorial and ideological terms. In this case – in the Old Believer villages of the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR (BMASSR). The object of the study is the main and auxiliary institutions of Soviet power in the Tarbagatai, Mukhorshibir, Bichur aimags of the BMASSR (the turn of the 1920s-1930s). The following aspects of the topic are considered: the ideological viability of party and Komsomol organizations in rural councils, as well as the impact on the life of Old Believers of Soviet holidays, patronage of workers in Verkhneudinsk, the work of friendly courts in collective farms, acting as binding practices of a new in content, but traditional in the form of everyday life. The historical-genetic method necessary for studying the evolutionary changes of the phenomenon was used to characterize the work of the party and Komsomol cells of the Semey in 1925-1935. The historical-comparative method, highlighting the common and special features of various subjects, was necessary when analyzing the activities of rural party members and Komsomol members, as well as to describe the differences in the effects of new household practices. As the main conclusion of the study, it should be highlighted that the functioning of various institutions of Soviet power in the Old Believers' environment of the BMASSR was focused on the external, material side of life (the creation of cultural and educational space, the foundations for a new, collective economic reality). The internal, ideological side of the ongoing changes, for the most part, has not yet found its manifestation in the work of the local ("Old Believers" in terms of personnel) Soviet power. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that archival information is introduced into scientific circulation, showing that the transformation of the Old Believer community of Buryatia is an internal process that does not directly relate (but indirectly related) to the active actions of the Soviet government.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Dubinin A.I. —
The ethnic factor in international relations in the Middle East: a historical retrospective and the current state
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 6.
– P. 27 - 36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.6.40988 EDN: CVQKZR URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40988
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Abstract:
The Middle East is one of the most hot spots of our time. The close interweaving of peoples, linguistic groups, and religions makes this region one of the most "explosive". Studying the problem of ethnic conflicts in the Middle East, special attention should be paid to the history of the emergence of statehood in the countries of the region. For several centuries, the Middle East region has been a European colony. It was only by the twentieth century that most of the peoples living in the Middle East gained independence. An important role in this was played by armed groups, often professing radical Islam and claiming not only their own country, but also the territory of their "neighbors". This article is also focused on the situation of ethnic minorities who have failed to establish their own State. The most striking example is the Kurds, separated by four borders at once and living in Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria. The object of this study is the relationship between the peoples of the Middle East. The research is based on the historical and systematic method. Within its framework, the development of the states of the Middle East in the XX and XXI centuries was considered, the relationship between historical prerequisites and the current situation in the region was assessed. Along with historical methods, general scientific methods (analysis and generalization) will be involved. When writing the article, the following tasks were set:
1) To analyze the historical component of international relations in the Middle East
2) To assess the current state of interactions between countries and peoples in the region 3) To assess the degree of influence on the policy of the Middle East countries by armed groups 4) To analyze the degree of involvement of Western states in the regional agenda.
The novelty of this work lies in the analysis and study of the historical prerequisites for the formation of statehood of individual countries of the Middle East, dividing them into groups to identify signs that affect the ethnic factor in international relations in the Middle East.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikolaev E.N. —
New materials on ferrous metallurgy of Yakuts in the XV-XVII centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 16 - 23.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28355 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28355
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Abstract:
This article contains the materials of excavations of the metallurgy production sites. Records of iron smelting were discovered in the territory of 2nd Zhemkonsky Nasleg of Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The explored objects represent a set of smelters for bloomery process. During the field season of 2017, the indicated objects were explored by the archeological expedition of Institute of Humanitarian Research and Indigenous Peoples of the North of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Three metallurgical complexes that contained smelting furnace and slag wastes were inspected. Methodological foundation contains theoretical insights into the research of the traditional economic and cultural complexes and industrial arts, based on the general scientific principles of historicism, systematicity and scientific objectivity. The scientific novelty consists in closing the existing historiographical gap, associated with insufficiency of target-oriented research of metallurgical production of Yakutia. The author describes the defining characteristics of the explored metallurgical furnaces, as well as provides the schematic reconstruction. Based on radiocarbon dating of samples, the time of existence of smelter constructs was determined. The acquired data allow concluding that the ancient metallurgies of Yakutia in the XV-XVII centuries used the small adobe furnaces with stone facing, built inside the piled elevation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gorban V.S. —
On the development of methodology of source criticism in the area of philosophy of law
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 3.
– P. 78 - 92.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.3.32442 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32442
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Abstract:
This article explores the problem of development of methodological framework of source criticism in the area of history of political and legal doctrines (history of philosophy of law). Deficit of the related developments in both, national and foreign legal literature, has a highly negative effect on the quality of selection of the source research material and formulation of valid scientific conclusions that allow conducting historical-philosophical and problematic-theoretical reconstructions of legal and political ideas of the past and modernity in a proper way. The scientific novelty of this work consists in substantiation of scientific importance and possibilities of practical application of such relevant vector of legal methodology as the methodology of source criticism in the area of philosophy of law (history of political and legal doctrines), which is interpreted not only as a set of instrumental cognitive acts, but also as a combination of principles and techniques of ensuring veracity of the content, concept and purpose of legal and political ideas of the past and modernity.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khatanzeiskaya E.V. —
Church of the Nativity of Christ in the village of Purnema of Onezhsky District of Archangelsk Region as an example of stave temple architecture of the late XIX century in the European North of Russia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 7.
– P. 74 - 85.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.7.33337 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33337
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This article is dedicated to the history of temple complex of the rural settlement of Purnema of Onezhsky District of Archangelsk Region, where in the early XX century was situated the three-part ensemble comprised of two churches – tent-roofed Nikolskaya (1618), Church of the Nativity of Christ (1860-1861), and a bell tower that survived until the early 1930s. Relevance of the topic is substantiated by the fact that the monuments of stave architecture, masterpieces of temple architecture of the Russian North are vanishing, and the North loses its cultural uniqueness. The aforementioned temple complex is one of the few preserved in the Russian North. Attention is turned to the current state of the temple complex, status and significance of monuments, their boundaries, current state protection regime, and the need for taking immediate measures to preserve them as the objects of cultural heritage in the historical environment. The goal of this research consists in determination of the distinctness of temple complex in the village of Purnema within the cultural-historical landscape of the Russian North and its present significance. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the history of the Church of the Nativity of Christ has not previously been the subject of special research among historians and art historians. The article employs archival data and documentary photographs that are newly introduced into the scientific discourse. The acquired results allow concluding that the monument should become state registered. The practical importance of this work is that the presented materials can be used in elaboration and implementation of the state strategy aimed at preservation and development of unique Northern and Arctic cultural landscapes, historical settlements, monuments of religious and civil architecture, their scientific restoration, museification and revalorization.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kargovskaia E., Kuznetsova V. —
San Blas Rebellion of 1925
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 10.
– P. 123 - 132.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.10.34128 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34128
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This article is dedicated to the events that received the name of Guna Revolution and led to the autonomy of Comarca Guna Yala that belongs to the Republic of Panama. Guna Indians are one of the few peoples of the American Continent who were able to preserve integrity of their land, their authenticity, traditions, culture and beliefs, although it took them enormous efforts. The goal of this research consists in examination of causes that led to the rebellion, as well as its consequences for the Guna people. The authors of attempt to reconstruct the events and determine the crucial factor that affected successful outcome of the revolt. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the history of Guna Indians of the Republic of Panama alongside the events related to their struggle for the autonomy and self-identification did not receive due coverage within the Russian scientific publications. In the current era of globalization, which blurs the boundaries and differences, the preservation of authenticity and integrity of small, and often large, ethnic groups is more relevant than ever. One of the authors was able to visit Comarca Guna Yala and get acquainted with the lifestyle, culture and traditions of its inhabitants, as well as listen to their perspective on the historical events of 1925, which Guna Indians carefully preserve in their folk tradition of chants that sound on the sessions of Guna General Congress.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bortnikova Y.A., Naumenko O.N. —
Muslim "White Horse" and Ob-Ugric "White Deer": points of intersection in religious culture of the indigenous peoples of the North
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 1.
– P. 73 - 79.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.1.34712 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34712
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The subject of this research is the written and visual sources on the history of Ob Ugrics, which reflect the images of White Horse and White Deer. The sources include the ethnographic materials and artifacts from the shamanic temples of Ugra with the depiction of horse and deer. The goal of this article lies in drawing parallel between the images of the White Horse in Islamic and Ob Ugric cultures. Research methodology leans on the " Theory of Impoverished living environment" substantiated by the authors in previous research, according to which the severe (impoverished) natural and climatic conditions of Siberia create a psychological foundation for cultural borrowings for the indigenous peoples, when the elements of foreign cultures are being perceived as native. The article employs the comparative-historical method to collate the perception of White Horse among Siberian Tatars and Ob Ugrics. Establishment of the traces of Islam in Ob Ugric culture through examination of the visual sources is new to historical science. The topic of studying the "Tatar-Muslim period" in the history of Finno-Ugric population of Western Siberia, when in the process of religious impact upon the indigenous population, the representatives of Islam did not have competitors in the face of Orthodox missionaries, is poorly studied in Russian history. The conclusion is made that the image of White Horse in Ob Ugric culture is associated with the Tatar-Muslim influence, and reflects the Quranic plotline of ascension of the Prophet Muhammad into heaven on the White Horse Burak.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kovalev A.A. —
History of security as a new field of Western historical science
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 12.
– P. 225 - 241.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.34867 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34867
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The goal of this research lies in consideration of the history of security as a relatively new field of Western historical science. It can be achieved by solving the three interrelated tasks: 1) review of the concept of “security” as the subject of research of Western historical science; 2) analysis of the recent changes in the concepts of security that exist in modern historical science of Western countries; 3) examination of boundaries set by a particular historical era for implementation of the concept of security. Currently, even within the framework of Western historical sciences, which has systematically examined the phenomenon of security, it is difficult to speak of the existence of special history of security, although the works of the leading Western historians covered in this article, significantly contribute to examination of the security issues. Such issues are viewed through the prism of the events of world history. Analysis is conducted on the achievements of Western historical science in studying the phenomenon of security, as well as conceptual changes that have taken place within this problematic over the recent years. Any historical era establishes certain boundaries for the study and implementation of security. Western historical science has achieved considerable results in determination of the concept of “security” as the subject of historical research. Multiple humanities and social sciences explore the sphere of security; and the complex of historical disciplines examines security as an interdisciplinary concept that remains relevant throughout history of mankind. Security is a general concept, which is commonly used in historical research on the one hand; however, does not exists as an independent historical discipline. If political science, criminology, sociology, and jurisprudence, namely international relations, imply a consistent and broad field of research on security, history is yet to develop a corresponding subject category.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Makeeva V.I. —
Greek demons who murdered children
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 7.
– P. 54 - 68.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.7.36131 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36131
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This article describes the Ancient Greek mythological characters who were attributed with murdering children: Lamia (Λάμια), Mormo (μορμώ) and Gello (γελλώ).The ssuperstitions associated with these demons remain in Greece to this day, although their images have undergone certain transformation. The object of this research is the mythological representations of the Ancient Greeks, while the subject is demons who murdered children. The goal of this article is to determine the role of children's horror stories in life of the Ancient Greek society. The author reviews the facts testifying to the existence of characters as Lamia, Mormo, Gello and Empusa in the Greek and Roman texts, as well gives characteristics to their images based on the comparative analysis. The conducted analysis reveals the common traits of the demons who murdered children: frightening appearance, combination of human and animal traits, ability to transform, identification with Hecate, as well as the story of the failed motherhood underlying the history of emergence of the demon. The key functions of these mythological characters consisted in explanation of the sudden infant and maternal mortality typical to the ancient times, as well as teaching children and adults a lesson. The first could be frightened with such stories, and the latter had to learn from the tale that demonstrates the harm of reckless following the temptations or refusal of fulfilling the prescribed social roles, socially acceptable behavior.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Rozin V.M. —
History of the formation of monasticism as a social institution
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 212 - 263.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.335 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=335
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On the basis of the Western cultural history the article examines the process of monasteries and monasticism turning into a social institution. The author analyzes the social and cultural preconditions, the actual process of monasticism becoming a social institution, the rise and fall of this institution. The article presents the main hypothesis of monasticism – a special kind of mundane esoterism and a hypothesis of monasticism development – from the secular esoterism to the secularization of monasticism. The article characterizes the specifics of monasticism as a social institution.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Sources of Personal Origin: Definition, Place and Role in Studying the History of State and Legal Phenomena
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 60 - 93.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11431 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11431
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Abstract:
The main theme of the present research article is the place and role of sources of personal origin in historical studies and legal studies. This is one of the least investigated questions in historical and legal studies. Reflection of one's personality and epoch, events and relations between participants of these events complete historical studies of state and legal phenomena which other carriers of historical information can't do. The author of the present research article focuses on current researches of source studies in different spheres of social studies and appeals to the theory and practice of using sources of personal origin in studying the legal development of the society. Research methodology is based on the analysis of traditional approaches to using personal perception in creating the image of the past. The scientific importance and novelty of the article is that the author discusses the role and place of personal experience as the historical sources in studying state and legal phenomena. The author of the article also analyzes special features of this carrier of historical information from the point of view of using this method in research work conducted by a historian and a lawer.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sopov A.V. —
Reflections about the past and the future Cossacks
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 5.
– P. 401 - 415.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.5.16567 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=16567
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What is «Cossacks» in the past, what was it? At what stage of development it is now? What future awaits him? Whether we will permit «the Cossack question» from the theoretical point of view today? Exhausted if the development potential of the Cossacks? How do the dreams of the Cossacks of service to the motherland of Russia's modernization and development of civil rights-based society? In the given work these questions are mentioned, and also practical measures under the permission of «the Cossack question» in its present kind are offered.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tinyakova E.A. —
Information and social needs for the new methods of teaching history
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 2.
– P. 12 - 21.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.2.17684 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17684
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The object of this article is the historical knowledge and modern information and social requirements towards its quality and content. The author determines the three spheres of historical knowledge: Russian history as part of knowledge in human life; Russian history within the system of education, specifically in secondary educational professional institutions and high school; academic historical research. Brief characteristic is given to the interconnection between these three spheres of knowledge on the national history. The subject of this work is the improvement of educational process on national history in the secondary schools. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the increase of social importance of teaching the national history, as well as impact of the Russian history as an educational discipline upon the establishment of political culture. Teaching the Russian history faces relevant tasks of civil upbringing. The author suggest expanding the educational materials on national history.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Fedorova I.A. —
Initiation of a criminal case - history of emergence of the degree in criminal procedure
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 3.
– P. 105 - 112.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.3.18202 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=18202
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The subject of this research is genesis of the sources of the Russian criminal procedural law that regulate the degree of criminal case initiation and its development since the imperial times until present day. The article examines the sources of written law of the Russian Empire, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and their impact upon the formation of criminal procedure in modern Russia. The author also analyzes the influence of social changes upon the criminal procedural law as a whole, and the institute of initiation of a criminal case in particular. The main conclusions of this work consist in the following positions: firstly, the degree of criminal case initiation has consolidated within the Russian criminal procedure as an independent full-fledged stage that has its own tasks, grounds, specific circle of participants, procedural implementation, and final decisions; secondly, the examined institution of criminal procedural law requires thorough research, as well as formulation of proposals on improving the legislation and law enforcement.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khairetdinova N.E. —
Control over repertoire of the Ufimian theatre at the initial state of the Great Patriotic War
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 4.
– P. 140 - 151.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.4.19546 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19546
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The subject of this research is the relationship between the censure apparatus of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the theatres of Ufa at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. The article confirms a generally known fact that the highly ideological and heroic-patriotic spectacle was considered exceptionally relevant. Nevertheless, the understanding that the war had divided the audience into various categories, indicated a number of serious questions that pertain to serving each of the category of spectators. During the course of this research, it was established that for performances in the military recruiting stations, was selected primarily the ideological repertoire, aimed at increase of the battle spirit of the recruited, and mostly the concert format has been chosen for realization of work. The ideological and political orientation was dominating in the theatrical activity, which looks rather obvious. Public festivities occasioned with various events were regularly taking place in Ufa; extreme popularity gained the genre of operetta. In addition to this, the provincial theatres has certain contacts with the local censure; there is a record of precedent, when the representative of the central censure apparatus criticized the Ufimian theaters for excessive freedom and noncompliance with the all written rules for the pre-premiere approval of a spectacle. The author notes that there is no common image of the Soviet censure; it is a product of its time, a complicated social phenomenon.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Popova S.M., Yanik A.A. —
E-archive of the “Interfax” news as the source on the history of USSR and Russia of late XX – early XXI centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 4.
– P. 149 - 175.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20013 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20013
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Abstract:
The article is dedicated to the analysis of the archival database of news agency "Interfax" as the source of the reliable facts which describe the key events of the political and economic history of the USSR and Russia of the late XX – early XXI centuries. The authors give and external and internal criticism of the source, as well as examine the circumstances of its emergence and existence, authorship, peculiarities of the structure and content, quality of the presented information, as well as the prospects of its implementation in researches of the history of modern Russia. Special attention is given to the information standards of “Interfax”, which influenced the formation of the source and its distinctive characteristics. This work is first to demonstrate and examine the digital archive of the “Interfax” news as the historical source. It is noted that just over the period of 1989-1999, the database contains more than 1.6 million messages on the key events of the sociopolitical and economic history of USSR and Russia. Thanks to the information standards of the agency, all news messages are notable for its trustworthiness, practical accuracy, and preserve the live reaction of the contemporaries upon the changes that take place in the country. The authors make a conclusion on the value of the “Interfax” archive as the source of the adequate and precise information on the history of USSR and modern Russia.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Filonova O.I. —
The status of the judge and the personnel policy of the formation of the corps of judges during the new economic policy period
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 1.
– P. 60 - 66.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.1.23773 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23773
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Abstract:
The subject of this study is judicial body of the New Economic Policy period (1921-1929). The author examines such aspects of the topic as the legal and non-legal components of the status of a judge, mechanism of formation of judicial body, and judges personnel during the New Economic Policy period. Particular attention is paid to the legislative foundations of the status of Soviet judge, principles and peculiarities of human resource policy in formation of judiciary, as well as problem of legal education. Based on the archival data, the author analyzes the dynamics of composition of the judiciary, as well as describes a portrait of a Soviet judge of the 1920’s. Methodological basis consists in the system approach, which allows exploring the judiciary as such alongside within the state mechanism in the context of the political system of Soviet society. The main conclusions lies in determination in the status of a judge of legal components (age, social status, work experience, absense of criminal record, institution of responsibility, guarantee of judicial immunity), and non-legal (membership in the Communist Party, adherence to its policy). Author’s special contribution to the research lies in the analysis of the human resource policy mechanism in formation of the judiciary, as well as its results, reflected in court personnel. The scientific novelty is defined by the comprehensive approach towards the indicated problematic.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zubareva E.G. —
Morphological type of population of the Lower Volga region (II - IV centuries BC)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 10.
– P. 131 - 138.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.10.24131 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24131
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is the determination of average morphotype of the Sarmatian population (II-IV centuries) that resided in the Lower Volga region. Anthropological characteristic of the population is provided. The history of studying the craniology, demography and pathologies of the late Sarmatian population is considered. The main theories of the origin of the craniological types of the population are singled out, the demographic ratio of the population, the level of survival is determined, and the main diseases associated with this population are identified. The article is first to publish the data on the osteometric measurement of the postcranial skeletons of the Sarmatian population (II-IVc.) who resided in the Lower Volga region. The research applies the classical method of osteometric examination in accordance with the generally accepted program developed by V. P. Alekseev using the osteological blank. The reconstruction of the body length was performed through the arithmetic mean values of the shinbone. The study introduces into the scientific discourse the osteometric data, which complement the anthropological picture of the study, as well as provide information about the physical type of population. The formulas of K. Pearson and A. Lee, and V. V. Bunak were applied for calculating the height of the groups under the research. The result of the study consists in creation of an average morphological type of the Late Sarmatian population living in the Lower Volga region.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kotliar E.R., Khlevnoi V.A. —
Ethnic Cultural Codes in the Visual Semiosis of Crimea
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 34 - 48.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.38974 EDN: CWBGYC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38974
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Abstract:
The subject of the study is ethnic cultural codes that are broadcast in the visual semiosis of decorative and applied art and architecture of the Crimea. The object of the study is architecture and decorative and applied art of various ethnic groups of the Crimea. The research uses methods of semantic, semiotic and artistic analysis of traditional images, the method of analysis of previous studies, the method of synthesis in conclusions regarding the formation of a unified Crimean style in visual semiosis. In the study, the author considers aspects of the topic: morphology and semantics of the elements of the visual semiosis of the Crimea and their belonging to a particular code of ethnic cultures; polyethnicity in the formation of the Crimean style of architectural and subject decor. The emphasis is placed on the multiculturality of the Crimea in the process of forming a semiotic universe in the visual semiosis. The main conclusions of the study are:
1. Crimea is a multicultural ecumene due to its geographical location, the interaction of ethnic groups on its territory generated various cultural processes, ranging from reception to integration, which led to the formation of a unique Crimean style in the visual arts. The elements of this style were the details of the ethnic art of various peoples who inhabited the Crimea from the first centuries of our era to the present.
2. Ethnic cultural codes defining the identification of the presence of a certain national artistic culture in the unified Crimean semiosis of architecture and decorative and applied art are elements and symbols characteristic of the traditional semiosis of a particular ethnic group. Over time, they have changed and experienced mutual influence, but the most persistent of them are still identified as belonging to a certain national and/or religious culture.
3. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the author for the first time conducts a semantic analysis of pictorial symbols in the visual semiosis of Crimea, identifies individual ethnic cultural codes, analyzes their genesis, commonality and differences of elements as part of a single Crimean stylistics.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Naumov A.O. —
Soft power and public diplomacy of Germany: past and present
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 11.
– P. 133 - 145.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.11.33457 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=33457
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Abstract:
The concept of “soft power”, which gained popularity in recent years, was developed by the United States at the end of the Cold War. However, Germany has been using similar foreign policy tools long before the emergence of this term in 1990. The subject of this research is the German strategy of “soft power” with its own tradition and specificity that differs significantly from other countries. Public diplomacy remains the key instrument in building the “soft power” potential of Germany. Therefore, analysis is conducted on the evolution of the main vectors of “soft power” policy of the country and the activity of the key actors of its public diplomacy for the past 150 years. The article describes the use of “soft power” strategies by various political regimes that were in power in Germany. The conclusion is made that in foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany, which appeared on the world map in 1949, “soft power” and public diplomacy have played and continue to play an important role, allowing to achieve significant gains on the international arena in light of restrictions imposed after the World War II regarding the use of “hard power” tools. However, the German experience shows that excessive enthusiasm for building the internationally attractive image of the country may lead to quite unpredictable consequences.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zharova E. —
The Laws on the Awarding of Academic Degrees in the Russian Empire as the Reflection of Differentiation in Biological Sciences
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 236 - 272.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.438 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=438
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The process of formation, development and differentiation of biology sciences in the Russian empire is considered in terms of the laws on the awarding of academic degrees. Changes of the legislation in this area reflect not only the system of scientific certification, but also the formation of various branches of biology as the science that developed in the XIX century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikulin V.V. —
Justice and Politics: the Balance Between Politics and Law in the Soviet System of Punishment
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 5.
– P. 1 - 59.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.5.747 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=747
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In this article conceptual views of theorists of Marxism-Leninism of a policy and right ratio are considered. The author of the article analyzes interrelation of the political doctrine of the Bolshevism with system of punishments, concrete manifestations of class policy in the system of punishments existing in the Soviet Russia in the 1920th years are shown. It is proved that in the Soviet Russia the politized right defined also class approach to definition of the principles of system of punishments. At class approach motivational action of punishment significantly decreased that inevitably influenced crime increase among "the classes". Steady templates of legal behavior, the relation to the law, generally nigilistic character were formed. The impunity and permissiveness atmosphere that conducted to the conflict of social behavior and a class association was created. It is claimed that the criminal and legal reform which is given out as revolutionary change of all criminal orientation of the Soviet right and law-enforcement system, embodied in UK RSFSR of 1926, didn't change essence of legal policy, having kept in it lines of the repressive character which has amplified to signs of legitimate terror in the late twenties. And emergency criminal measures of punishment came true various socially – the political significant reasons for a justification of ill treatment of own citizens.It is noted that the institute of legal responsibility in the Soviet Russia had unambiguously class character. It was considered to be the basis of legal responsibility not only an offense, but also socially dangerous condition of the personality. The nature of punishment in many respects was defined not by the principle of justice, and political purposefulness.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Shchedrina Y.V. —
The judges’ affiliation with political parties and question of ensuring judicial independence in Russia: historical-legal aspect
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 5.
– P. 99 - 111.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.5.20718 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20718
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The subject of this research is the normative regulation of judges’ affiliation with political parties due to ensuring the judicial independence. Throughout the three period of development of the Russian state (pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and post-Soviet), the article examines the relation of government to membership of the judges in political parties, as well as provides statistical data on this matter. The author attempted to conduct a comprehensive research, which allows tracing the position of a legislator regarding the party status of the judges across the entire period of development of the Soviet state. The conclusion is made that during these periods of development of the Soviet state, when the government strived to establish an actually independent court, it strictly prohibited the membership of judges in political parties. Violation of such prohibition resulted in preliminary cancellation of the judiciary powers or even resignation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Veber M. —
The mutiny of workers of Polevskoy factory against the Bolshevik authorities (17-18th of June, 1918): causes and consequences
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2016. – ¹ 6.
– P. 170 - 182.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.6.21154 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=21154
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The paper is devoted to the curious phenomenon of the Russian Civil War - uprisings of workers against the dictatorship of proletariat, namely, rebellions of mining population of the Urals against the Soviets in the spring and summer of 1918. One of the largest anti-Bolshevik rebellions of mining population in the Urals occurred in June 1918 in the village of Polevskoi factory, located 54 miles south-west of Yekaterinburg. These events are poorly described both in Soviet and modern Russian historiography. Based on the archive documents, memoirs and newspapers, the author reconstructs the events of the mutiny of workers of Polevskoy factory. The paper examines the complex of reasons, which provoked the mutiny against Bolsheviks. The paper also describes consequences of the mutiny, including comparison of the number of victims of red terror with the number of victims of white terror in Polevskoy factory. The author makes a conclusion about the need for national reconciliation and establishment of the general monument to the victims of the Russian Civil War in Polevskoy.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Fando R.A. —
Nicholas Sergeevich Obraztsov (1906-1966): life journey of the forgotten scholar
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 8.
– P. 50 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.8.26780 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26780
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The object of this research is the Russian scientific emigration to the United States. The subjects is the biography of the prominent entomologist Nicholas Obraztsov, who emigrated during the Great Patriotic War from the Soviet Union to Germany, and later the United States. His life journey is an illustration of a challenging fate of the Russian native, who happened to live in a foreign country, and was condemned to oblivion on his motherland. Referring to the scholar’s biography allows filling the gaps in the history of Russian natural science, which appeared due to a longtime suppression of the achievements of Russian emigrant scholars. The biography of N. S. Obraztsov is viewed with consideration of the psychological, sociocultural and thematic-disciplinary aspects. The main results lies in reconstruction of the life journey of the famous entomologist. The author analyzes the scientific contribution made by Obraztsov to the development of morphology and systematics of various groups of insects, publishing of scientific and reference literature, as well as creation of museum collections. The absence in the national historiography of the works and scientific activity of N. S. Obraztsov underlines the novelty of the presented material.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kodan S.V. —
Classification of sources on the history of Russian state and law: theoretical approaches, classificatory foundations, characteristic of the types
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 11.
– P. 31 - 44.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.11.27995 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27995
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This article is dedicated to one of the insufficiently studied problems within the historical-legal source study – the classification of sources on the Russian state and law. The attention is focused on the theoretical approaches towards determining the peculiarities of the sources of knowledge on the state-legal phenomena and institutions in the historical projection. The article provides general characteristics of the types and varieties of the carriers of state-legal information that manifest as the sources of establishment and development of state and law in Russia. Methodology leans on the approaches to classification of sources that established in the historical source study applicable to the specificity of studying the carriers of historical-legal information. The scientific novelty consists in the proposed concept of classification of sources on the history of state and law based on the theoretical approaches of historical source study, applicable to understanding of the nature of government administration and normative regulation. The proposed classificatory scheme is defined by the need of including into the scientific discourse of a broad range of information carriers that allow exceeding the limits of positivist approach within the historical-legal research.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Madatov O.Y. —
The constitutional duty of men and women in the legislation of the Russian Federation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 10.
– P. 68 - 85.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.10.68768 EDN: CYXCHV URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68768
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The article examines the formation, development and modern definition of the concept of constitutional duty of Russian citizens, as well as the constitutional problems of its establishment depending on their gender identity. It is proved that the duty of a citizen in the Constitution of the Russian Federation creates conditions for violating the constitutional principle of gender equality established by part 2 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
The object of the study is public relations regulating the relationship between the state and citizens on the issue of the latter's fulfillment of the constitutional duty established by part 1 of Article 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
The subject of the study is the norms of constitutional, civil and criminal law, as well as law enforcement practice regulating the object of the study. The purpose of the study is to establish the correspondence of the constitutional duty of men and women to the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes. This goal determined the need to set and solve the following tasks:
1. To investigate the evolution of the concept of duty as a legal category.
2. To consider the formation and consolidation of the concept of duty in the constitutional law of Russia
3. Compliance of the constitutional duty of men and women with the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes.
The study showed that there is no single approach to understanding duty in modern science, but an analysis of the evolution of its consolidation showed that the term duty is based on the duties of citizens. This term was first legislated in the USSR Constitution of 1936 and the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1937 in order to separate the constitutional duties of citizens of a bourgeois state from the duty of a citizen of a socialist republic. In the current understanding, the constitutional duty of citizens is attributed only to the protection of the Fatherland, however, this term is not a gender-neutral concept, since it is only a duty inherent exclusively to men.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Gigauri D.I., Korovin K.S. —
Revolutionary myth of “proletarian dictatorship” in the Soviet constitutional doctrine of 1918 and visual communication
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 11.
– P. 40 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.11.31215 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31215
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This article is dedicated to representation of the myth of “proletarian dictatorship” in the Soviet constitutionalism. Having emerged in the XIX century, this mythologem experienced certain transformations as a result of targeted work of the party leaders, legal experts and scholars on creating the first Soviet constitution. Later, its ideological content received normative consolidation in legislation. A symbolic reflection of revolutionary myth became the national holidays, demonstrations, cinematography and theatre, banners and other cultural phenomena that contributed to formation of the new civil consciousness. The authors trace the origin of the concept of “proletarian dictatorship”, as well as its further evolution in Lenin’s doctrine on the state. The description of symbolic practices of representation of ideological framework of the Soviet revolutionary regime allows demonstrating the practical implementation of the new type of constitutionalism – the Soviet. The article substantiates the gradual arrangement of the idea of “proletarian dictatorship” as a fundamental myth of the early Soviet State, as well as examines its visual and communicative aspects. The novelty of this historical-legal research is defined by the use of interdisciplinary approach and comprehensive analysis of the Soviet national ideology. The conclusion is made that the legal ideas contained in the Soviet constitutional doctrine proliferate and reproduce through large-scale cultural manifestations that create revolutionary institutions and examples of civil behavior. At the same time, the myth of “proletarian dictatorship” serves as distinct cultural foundation for the new political legal regime that expresses the essence of the Soviet constitutionalism.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yunina E.A. —
Photographic studio with a female face. The spouses Ussakovsky: marital and creative union in sociocultural space of Tobolsk of the late XIX – min XX century (the experience of historical-cultural analysis and regional biography)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 12.
– P. 93 - 158.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.12.31893 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31893
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This article presents the results of personification of the evolution of photography in Tobolsk during the late XIX – min XX century, demonstrated on the example of biographies of I. K. Ussakovsky and his spouse M. M. Ussakovskaya – owner of one of the most popular photographic studio in the city. The research methodology leans on the historical-genetic, descriptive-narrative, retrospective and historiographical methods; historical-anthropological and micro-historical approaches, with application of the biographical tools and method of historical reconstruction. On the basis of the newly revealed archival documents and published data alongside the analysis of products and teaser advertising of the studio of M. Ussakovskaya, the author comprehensively reconstructs the family history and professional activity of the spouses Ussakovsky in accordance with the political situation in the country. For 37 years, the studio of M. Ussakovskaya has been one of the leading public-cultural establishments of Tobols in the area of photography services. It was attended mostly by the privileged part of the population. After the change of political regime, the studio quickly enough readjusted to the transformed structure of everyday life of the city. The lead in the mastery of photography in the marital tandem belonged to I. K. Ussakovsky. He was responsible for execution of practical and organizational tasks in the studio, while M. M. Ussakovskaya acted as a competent representative of family business, handled the administrative work and made deals with the authorities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Krichevtsev M.V. —
Life sentence as a type of criminal punishment in France of the late XVIII – early XIX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 96 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.34714 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34714
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This article questions the opinion established in modern French historiography on implementation of life sentence as a criminal punishment under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte (in accordance with the Criminal Code of 1810). Leaning on examination of legislative, policy drafting, and court materials, the author traces the evolution of the system of criminal penalties associated with incarceration. and determines the role of life sentence therein – since the adoption of first criminal laws in the era Great Revolution until the revision Napoleonic Criminal Code in 1832, and the court of Peers under Louis-Philippe I. The acquires materials demonstrate that after long absence of the Consulate and Early Empire in the time of Revolution, life sentence was envisaged by the Criminal Code of 1810 as an alternative measure to penal servitude for life or deportation (for criminals of senior age), rather than an separate type of criminal punishment. Reference to the practice of the court of Peers during the Restoration and the July Monarchy suggests that life sentence became a separate type of criminal punishment only with the advent of verdict passed by Peers with regards to 1830 case of former ministers. This sentence was based on the combination of legislative and court functions in actions of the Chamber of Peers as higher justice authority, and thus was of constitutive nature. The conclusion is made that the implementation of life sentence in French criminal law should be attributed to the time of the July Monarchy rather than the ruling of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Samokhina N. —
Shambhala: Myth or Historical Mystery?
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 1.
– P. 1 - 33.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.1.243 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=243
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The present article is devoted to one of the most mysterious concepts in Eastern history and philosophy - the concept of Shambhala. Is it just a myth or is Shambhala not only a myth but also a hidden historical reality? In the XIX-XX centuries that ancient Indian concept was reinterpreted in the teachings of Theosophy and Agni Yoga by E. Blavatsky and the Roerich family. There have been debates regarding philosophical ideas that were introduced to the world culture by Blavatsky and the Roerich. The present article provides a comprehensive analysis of the facts relating to the legendary spiritual abode of the East; the facts demonstrate that the allegations of the real existence of Shambhala could be a reality.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nikulin V.V. —
Social and Legal Aspects of Anti-Corruption Enforcement in the Soviet Russia (the 1920th)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 1.
– P. 24 - 61.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.1.749 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=749
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The author of the article investigates the experience of fight against corruption in the Soviet Russia in the 1920th years against the developed new economic relations (New Economic Policy) and the analysis of legislative and law-enforcement actions of the power counteracting. The main attention is paid to counteraction to bribery, as to the most characteristic manifestation of corruption. Various aspects of manifestations of bribery and specific actions of the authorities on its minimization are considered. It is claimed that experience of fight against corruption in the 1920th years testifies that, despite drastic legislative measures, corruption in the form of bribery appeared the unbeaten phenomenon of the Soviet-Russian reality, remaining the most essential component of nomenclature crime. Is shown that corruption changed and continued to exist. The bribe during strengthening of fight against it becomes latent, sophisticated, with attraction of the whole chain of intermediaries and use of the hidden methods of receiving. The conclusion that corruption was in many respects generated by the system is drawn and "military and bureaucratic dictatorship" generated them. Dictatorship promoted development of psychology of impunity of the nomenclature, aggravated with system of its withdrawal from punishment, destruction morally - moral principles of society that led to elimination of constraining motives of behavior. The situation was aggravated with low cultural level in the mass of the Soviet officials, the mutual responsibility reigning in the nomenclature environment, negative attitude to the law and confidence that received material benefits from a held post – deserved remuneration of the winner. Without having before revolution in what Russia - or especially recognized high situation, Bolsheviks, having come to the power, reached the highest position in the Russian society. Is shown as the consciousness of own exclusiveness easily turned into permissiveness. Situation was aggravated with lack of independent judicial system that generated low efficiency of national vessels, corruption of judges didn't allow to use the most important principle of punishment – its inevitability, to use all legal potential of the prevention and bribery eradication. The author comes to a conclusion about need for fight against corruption of application of a package of measures of legal, economic, moral character is constant and precautionary influencing potential corrupt officials.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kosov I.M. —
Rhetorical functions of bestiary in Giraldus Cambrensis’ "Topography of Ireland" (according to manuscript of the year 1200)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 97 - 109.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.5.20836 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20836
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The subject of this research is the body of miniatures of the NLI MS Giraldus 700manuscript. The object is the rhetorical tools and ways of amplification of the visual text of images of the authorial manuscript in the third version of “Topography…” into the semantic layer of stylistic of the presented treatise of the late XII century. Special attention is given to the classification and typology of miniatures in the Russian and foreign historiography. The researcher specifies the typology of the studied manuscript and its place within the tradition of the English bestiary of the High Middle Ages. The scientific novelty of this work consists in exclusion from the selection of lists of the non-contemporary to the author source – “Topography of Ireland”. In other words, based on such depicted rhetorical tools, the stylistic and rhetorical method of the medieval scribe – the logic in-phase is vividly restored. An important practical result of the conduced analysis of the miniatures will be consciousness within the framework of comparativist approach of the archetype nature of synchrony of the visual and written text as such over the period of III – XII centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Khaliulina A.I. —
Language and cultural development of Tatar minority in Bashkortostan
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 97 - 108.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.25881 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25881
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The subject of this research is the language and cultural development of ethnic groups in the polynational region. The object of this research is the Tatars of Bashkortostan. The problems of ethnocultural development of Tatar language population in Bashkortostan in the late 1980’s have become an accelerator in creation of Tatar national cultural clubs and organizations, which raised concerns regarding the studying of Tatar language in schools of the Republic, creation of theatres and philharmonic halls in Tatar language districts, expansion of the mass media in Tatar language. Methodological foundation is the historical-chronological method that allows revealing the indicated processes in diachronic cut, as well as sociological method that views the language and cultural development of Tatar minority in polynational region in synchronic cut. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time with the attraction of normative document on language issues and results of sociological survey, an attempt was made to describe the language and cultural development of Tatar language population in Bashkortostan. A conclusion is made that all of the aforementioned problems to a certain extent were realized by the republican authorities, although some questions remained unnoticed and were not removed from the agenda. Among the paramount, in accordance with an opinion of Tatar intelligentsia, is recognition the Tatar as national language alongside the Bashkir and Russian. The author underlines that insufficient TV and radio coverage in Tatar language, as well as lack of organization of education in the native Tatar language. The listed problems have constantly been raised by the republican authorities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sevostyanova E., Skobina E.A. —
Delimitation of the China-Russia border since the XVI century until 1917
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 5.
– P. 19 - 31.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.5.26151 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26151
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This article examines the key landmarks in delimitation of the China-Russia border since the XVI century until 1917, as well as its peculiarities. Russia and China are the two state that historically never had any serious armed clashes, and most questions regarding delimitation and demarcation were settled peacefully, despite the geopolitical and economic frictions, as well as territorial disputes. Regardless of difficult negotiations and an attempt of unilateral denunciation, both parties searched for a compromise and recognized the line of demarcation. Based on the chronological and problem-historical method, the article analyzes the key landmarks in delimitation and demarcation of the borders. A conclusion is substantiated on the existence of an objective need for factual establishment and legal formalization of the borderline. The legal formalization of the border lagged behind its factual establishment because on one hand, both parties did not have the required resources, while on the other – both empires had the concealed colonization plans. The delimitation took place in the territories that belonged neither to Russian or Chinese empires, but were of same importance for both countries. Their legal status has been changed accordingly. Delimitation not only considered the existing natural barriers – rivers and mountain ridges, but for the first time established the artificially determined landmarks. Legal aspect of agreement execution was improved by establishing jurisdiction for border violators, determining the legal regime of border checking, formalizing the border markers by protocols. The difficulties with the demarcation are already confirmed by the fact that the legal arrangement of 1689 continued into the XXI century.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Tatarnikova A.I. —
Tomsk Villages in the 1900s-1920s: Dynamics of Population and Size
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2022. – ¹ 10.
– P. 49 - 58.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.10.38988 EDN: FILKHH URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38988
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Abstract:
The article gives a comparative description of the development of the rural settlement network of the Tomsk county/district in three time slices: for 1904, 1911 and 1926. The object of the study is a network of rural settlements of the named sub–region, the subject is their number, typical structure and size in terms of the number of yards and the number of inhabitants. The author uses historical-comparative, historical-typological and problem methods of research, as well as the method of graphical visualization of the statistical data obtained on the development of the Tomsk settlement network. The influence of political, socio-economic and other factors on the state of the network of rural settlements is traced. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the "Lists of Populated places", which have become the main source for studying rural settlements of the county/district under consideration, the dynamics of their number, number and population are investigated, qualitative changes in the structure of the settlement network are revealed. The conclusion is made about the gradual expansion of the scale of the rural settlement network in the Tomsk subregion, the reduction of the yard and the population of the Tomsk village by 1926, its unbundling. Attention is focused on structural changes in the settlement network caused by the new agrarian and resettlement policy of the state, as well as the economic and socio-cultural modernization of the country and its individual territories.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Stepanov M.G. —
The role of civil aviation of the Republic of Khakassia in development of internal migration of population (mid 1940’s – late 1980’s)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 131 - 139.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28161 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28161
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Abstract:
The subject of this research is the impact of civil aviation upon internal migration in the Khakassia Autonomous District of Krasnoyarsk Krai during the mid 1940’s – late 1980’s. Special attention is given to the development of aircraft infrastructure, expansion of flight geography, renewal of aircraft fleets, growth of labor migration due to the construction of Sayansk territorial industrial complex. A conclusion is made that with the opening of medium-range flights of the Abakan Airport led to the increasing interest in culture and history of Khakassia, and thus the growing tourist flow. In the course of this study, the author applied the following research methods: historical-comparative, historical-generic, historical-systemic, historical-structural and historical-typological. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that this article analyzes the impact of civil aviation of Khakassia upon the growth of internal migration of population, as well as introduces the materials from the National Archive of the Republic of Khakassia into the scientific discourse, which were classified until 2015 and were not available for examination.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Yunina E.A. —
To the question of use of the photographic materials in reconstruction of everyday life in Western Siberian province of the late XIX – early XX century, based on the example of regional photo collection
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 12.
– P. 32 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.12.28535 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28535
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The goal of this article is the synoptic characteristic of the photographed visual sources applied in the process of reconstruction of everyday life of the residents of Russian periphery, as well as models of everyday routine of the diverse social, professional and age groups of urban population of the late XIX – early XX century. For detailed and gradual examination of this topic, the range of sources was limited by photo collections of Tobolsk and Tyumen. This article is first to describe and introduce into the scientific discourse of the set of photos of several local collections preserved in the state museums, as well as private and family archives. Methodological foundation contains the principles of historical anthropology and visual history, combined with the micro-historical approach towards exploring the local photo collections of various types. Micro-historical approach is specified by studying the local collections, with application of systemic and structural-functional analysis, comprehensive and descriptive approaches, historical-typological method, as well as paramount in working with photo collections method of museum classification and attribution. The scientific novelty is defined by the use of photo documents as the backbone and independent sources in studying the history of everyday life of Western Siberian cities during the period of rapid growth of photographic industry in Russia, which fell on the turn of the XIX – XX centuries.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Osipov E.A. —
French Decree on Family Reunification of 1976 in the context of the migration issue
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2023. – ¹ 11.
– P. 1 - 9.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.11.68982 EDN: CKAJPM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68982
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Abstract:
The article analyzes the French migration policy in the 1960s and 1970s, when a large number of migrant workers from the Maghreb countries arrived in the country, with an emphasis on the significance of the decree on family reunification that came into force in 1976. In modern historiography, both French and Russian, there is an idea that this decree became one of the main mistakes of the presidency of Valery Giscard d'Estaing, symbolized the beginning of the policy of opening borders, attracting a large number of migrants from North Africa to the Fifth Republic and ultimately served as a starting point for the spread of Islam in France, the growth of religious radicalism and, in general, to the modern crisis of national and religious identity. The article is based on the latest achievements of French and Russian historiography. In particular, for the first time in Russian historiography, the results of the research of the French historian Muriel Cohen are introduced into scientific circulation, largely due to which the interpretation of the 1976 decree has changed in France. The article shows that in fact, the procedure for family reunification has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. However, depending on economic conditions and the degree of need for new migrants, law enforcement practice has changed. The French authorities liberally interpreted the issue of housing compliance with established standards in the 1960s during a period of shortage of workers, and vice versa, seriously approached the issuance of certificates of compliance with housing conditions in the 1970s. During the growth of unemployment and discontent of the French population with a large number of migrants from the Maghreb countries. Thus, the decree adopted in 1976 did not make significant adjustments to the migration policy of France and did not lead to an increase in the number of migrants in the country.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sennitskaya E.V. —
The system of Orthodox fasts in Russia as the means of deterring migration of peasants and the actions of rebel or bandit squads
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 184 - 246.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.31096 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31096
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Abstract:
The object of this research is the Orthodox fasts and customs that prohibited consumption of certain food products. The author examines the history of evolution of fasts, namely the circumstances of emergence of the first printed Charter (Typicon) in 1610; as well as compares the articles on fasts of the Typicons of 1610, 1633, and 1641. The article employs the following methods: 1) geophysical (comparison of the time of fasts with the periods of ice drift, high water, freeze-up, and agricultural cycles in Central Russia); 2) comparative-historical (reveals the logic of prohibitions and their development stages); 3) systemic (prohibition of certain food products is viewed an element of government policy aimed at prevention of migration); 4) ethno-psychological (substantiation of prohibitions); 5) linguistic (analysis of the texts of Typicon). The conclusion is formulated that the system of fasts set by Typicon of 1610 served the following goals: 1) to consolidate the traditional agricultural practices; 2) to prevent the free movement of rebel bandit squads; 3) to create obstacles for independent sale of agricultural products by peasants and, thus benefit the feudales via wholesale purchase of peasant goods and their sale; 4) to hinder peasant transitions (serfdom). The hypothesis is advanced on the mechanism of enslaving peasants based on toughening the system fasts. The Charter of 1610 itself was passed due to imminent threat for the government Vasiliy IV Shuisky during the Time of Troubles for the purposed of reducing the influx of rebels and impede the transitions of peasants, which deprived the feudales of northern territories with less fertile lands were deprived of workforce, and thus the ability to equip the military at their own expense. The system of prohibitions implied the food obtained by hunting, so the peasants would move solely via river channels controlled by the government. The impact of such prohibitions may explain the irrational river routs Y. Pugachev instead of the road path to Moscow.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korovin K.S. —
Lenin’s understanding of the right of nations to self-determination and the Soviet constitutional doctrine of 1922-1923
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 12.
– P. 180 - 189.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.12.31829 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31829
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The internationalist socialist ideas, originated in Europe and reflected in the ideas of Bolsheviks, manifested in the slogan of the right of nations to self-determination. The genesis of such principle using methodology of the history of notions allowed determining the conceptual grounds of the Soviet constitutional project. Prior to the Revolution of 1905, V. I. Lenin started to write on the national self-determination, in which he initially saw the bourgeois and counterrevolutionary content. However, by 1913 Lenin attached the class and proletarian meaning to it, since it became evident to Bolsheviks that tactically the use of bourgeois nationalism may be profitable for integrating the socialist republics into a single union. The period from 1917 to 1921 the principle of sovereign equality of states was recognizes at the party congresses and conferences; in essence, the right to secession for the constituent republics of USSR was formulated. It is worth noting that the aforementioned ideas reflected in the Treaty and Declaration on the Creation of the USSR, and later in the Soviet Constitution, which concept was elaborated in 1922-1923. Namely the question on the form and content of the constitution founding document of the future union became the matter of disputes, as the right of nations to self-determination dictated particular framework for sovereignty of the republics. The article provides a detailed analysis of genesis of the idea of self-determination of the nations in V. I. Lenin’s political doctrine, as well as its implementation in the constitutional doctrine of the future Union State.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ippolitov S.S. —
Russian émigrés in Germany: psychological situation as a humanitarian program (1917-1920)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 1.
– P. 82 - 93.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.1.31903 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31903
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The author examines the psychological adaptation of Russian émigré in the German society during the period in question. Special attention is paid to the Russian humanitarian organizations as communication channels between the Russian refugees and authorities of the hosting countries with regards to distribution of humanitarian aid, solution of legal and administrative issues; humanitarian situation among former Russian prisoners of the World War I in Europe; psychological state of Russian emigrants as a humanitarian problem of white émigré. Methodological framework consists of the principles of historicism and systematicity. The latter implies studying the problem in inseparable connection with the processes and events taking place in society at the particular moment in history. The author examines the history of Russian humanitarian activity in emigration as an element of general historical context in development of the country. This article is first within the Russian historiography to consider the psychological peculiarities of adaptation of Russian émigrés in the European society; as well as introduce into the scientific discourse previously unpublished autograph of the prominent émigré writer and publisher Roman Borisovich Gul. Depressive trends, cultural famine, transformation of moral image were frequent occurrences in the moral-psychological climate of Russian communities, due to the circumstances of long-term isolated living in the refugee camps in Germany. As a counterbalance to the gradually vanishing hopes, as a so-called compensation for the emerged spiritual vacuum, in the moods of Russian émigrés have formed the centripetal tendencies, desire to unite national groups, isolate from antagonistic external environment, create the own “Russian” world in a foreign land.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Belukhin N.E. —
“Rebellious Parliament”: period of the “policy of reservations” in Denmark-NATO Relations (1982-1988)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 47 - 57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.4.35530 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35530
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The object of this research is the foreign policy of Denmark in the 1980s. The subject of this research on the one hand is the ideological foundations of Denmark's foreign policy during this period, which were strongly affected by the ideas of European social democracy, and on the other hand – the influence of the Danish Parliament (Folketing) upon the formation of Denmark’s official position on the issues of European security discussed within the framework of NATO. Denmark’s refutation of neutrality after the World War II and its entry into NATO in many ways determined the foreign policy position of Denmark throughout the Cold War as a small European state that perceived the Soviet Union as a threat to national security. At the same time, the desire of Denmark of maintain maximum flexibility and avoid making far-reaching commitments within the framework of NATO, led to the fact that Denmark was often perceived as an unreliable and inconvenient ally. The period from 1982 to 1988 indicates the Atlantic dissidence of Denmark and simultaneous improvement of relations with the Soviet Union), when Denmark’s representatives in the NATO sessions, being obliged to take into account the position of the parliamentary majority in the Folketing, were forced to make reservations to the final documents of the sessions, expressing disagreement or criticism of implemented measures. Among the Russian scholars dealing with the history of Denmark, this period has not yet received wide coverage. This article is an attempt to describe and explain the causes and consequences of the period of the “policy of reservations” for Denmark’s foreign policy in the context of the end of Cold War and in the conditions of transition towards the post-bipolar system of international relations.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korolev A.A., Koroleva L.A., Mol'kin A.N. —
Pentecostal Movement in the USSR. 1950 - 1980
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 6.
– P. 125 - 131.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.6.9378 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=9378
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In article the provision of a pyatidesyatnichestvo in the USSR in the 1950-1980th is analyzed. In 1944-1945 Pentecostals were combined with baptists, but the part the pyatidesyatnicheskikh of communities refused to obey to this "project".The geography of distribution of Pentecostals in the USSR covered Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, Georgia.Some Pentecostals followed the doctrine "nonresistance to the evil" and refused to take in hand the weapon, for what were exposed to persecutions in the USSR.From the second half of the 1960th fight for emigration becomes the main content of oppositional activity of Pentecostals. Till 1974 the Soviet management at all didn't consider the application of Pentecostals on emigration as there were no calls and visas. Pentecostals used in the fight as the main means, - appeals to the international organizations, to specific officials; besides - hunger strikes, press conferences, unauthorized penetrations into foreign embassies, attempts of illegal emigration, etc. However it should be noted that unlike baptists, activity of Pentecostals didn't meet a wide resonance in the West. The Moscow human rights activists tried to give real help to Pentecostals.In 1979 in the USSR "Council of churches of Pentecostals" was created. In 1980 the human rights group of evangelical Christians Pentecostals of RSFSR was formed.Since the end of the 1980th in the state and confessional relations there is a change. Now on the territory of Russia operate the Russian church of Christians of Evangelican Faith; United Church of Christians of Evagelical Faith and Russian Union of Christians of Evagelical Faith.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Sosnin A.V. —
Civil procedural law according to the Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire in 1832-1857
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 6.
– P. 227 - 255.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.6.17355 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=17355
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This article examines the question of genesis of the legislative structure of the Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire of 1832. The author analyzes the theoretical ides, basic principles and rules of drafting of the Digest of civil procedural laws. A special attention is given to the construction projects of the system of civil procedural legislation. During the course of examining the legislation structure of the Digest of laws, the author determines the correlation between the elements and the peculiarities of public relations. The author reviews civil procedural law, evolution of the Russian civil procedural law, modern historical legal science, as well as history of the Russian procedural law. It is noted that in the courts of this time period were known for bribery ; it was considered as bureaucracy – corrupted, ignorant, unaccountable, but at the same time was silent before the highest authorities.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Nilogov A.S., Bogdanova I.I. —
To genealogy of the history of Russian historians of the XVIII-XX centuries (based on the materials of metrical books of St. Petersburg Central State Historical Archive)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 8.
– P. 112 - 126.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.8.19569 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19569
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This historical-genealogical research attempted to find the authentic metrical records on the birth, baptizing, death, funeral, burial of the prominent Russian historians who live in St. Petersburg in the XVIII – beginning of the XX centuries. It became possible using online access to the recently digitalized metrical books of the churches of Petrograd spiritual chancery, which are stored in the St. Petersburg Central State Historical Archive. Such illustrative biographical information can be valuable for the genealogists and historiographers for the purpose of further examination of the biographies and ancestry of the Russian historians. During the course of this work, the authors detected the records about the birth/baptizing of K. D. Kavelin (1814), L. P. Krasavin (1882), L. N. Gimilyov (1912), death/funeral/burial of M. V. Lomonosov (1765), N. M. Karamzin (1826), K. D. Kavelin (1885). Particularly, the authors were able to discover a metrical record about death of the historiographer N. M. Karamzin, whose 250th anniversary of birth was held in 2016, same as 190th anniversary since death.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Moreeva S. —
Analysis of the foreign trade activity of Russia since beginning of the World War I until lifting of the economic blockade
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 61 - 72.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2017.5.20554 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=20554
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The subject of this research (carried out based on the results of scientific research work on the topic “Economic and legal aspects of foreign trade activity of Russia since the beginning of the XX century: past, present, and prospects”) is Russia’s foreign trade over the period from the mid 1914 until the early 1921. The author analyzes the transformation of the Russian foreign trade policy and transactions associated with the country’s participation in the World War I, as well as domestic events of the following years, trade and "golden” embargo of Soviet Russia from the side of the Western countries. The work traces the sequential changes in state regulation of the foreign trade activity: transition from the limited meddling of the government into foreign trade activity, towards the prohibitive-permissive system of regulation with the further establishment of state monopoly in foreign trade right after the October Revolution. Using the acquired statistical data, the author demonstrates how the participation in the WWI alongside the following domestic events affecter the trade balance of the country, volume and structure of export and imports, as well as the list of Russia’s trade partners.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Korobitcyna L.V. —
Alan John Percivale Taylor – public figure and popularizer of history
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 84 - 90.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.3.24612 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24612
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During the years of the World War II, British government paid particular attention to formation of public opinion inside and outside the country, organizing the research institutes and statutory authorities on creation of the black and white propaganda, as well as attracting prominent historian scholars to cooperation. One of the remarkable representatives of the experts-intellectuals was Alan John Percivale Taylor, the author of several works written on request of the Directorate on the military policy affairs. The subject of this research is the activity of the famous British scholar and popularized of history A. J. P. Taylor, whose participation in the sequence of radio lectures of 1940’s laid the foundation for the development of popular science television. Methodological basis contains the principles of microhistorical approach that allows determining a number of trends characteristic to the entire British intellectual continuum of the late XX century. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the indicated problem was not fully covered in the national historical science, thus this article will attempt to fill the gaps regarding the engagement of the British intellectuals into media space during the war and post-war years. A conclusion is made that participation of the representatives of academic environment in propagandistic activities through using such high-tech for the 1940’s mass media as radio and television, contributed to origination of the popular science and educational programs.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Zhirova N.S. —
Relationship between the group “Kirti” and Communist Party of India (1925-1942)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2017. – ¹ 11.
– P. 30 - 36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2017.11.24712 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=24712
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The subject of this research is the examination of peculiarities of the relationship between the Communist Party of India and the group “Kirti” – center of the revolutionary nationalistic party “Ghadar” that was closely related to the Communist International. The author sets a task to explore the interaction process of the aforementioned organization over the period of 1925-1942, determine the contradictions between them, reveal the specificities of the Communist International pertinent to the two parties, as well as analyze the attempts of conflict resolution between the Communist Party and the group “Kirti” that ultimately led to unification of the indicated organizations in 1942. The scientific novelty of this work consists in coverage of the previously unknown pages in the history of the Communist Party of India, and insufficiently studied in the national historiography group “Kirti” along with the official section of the Communist International that was the conductor of interests of the latter in India. This became possible due to the attraction of materials of the Russian State Archive of Sociopolitical History, as well as published documents by the Intelligence Bureau and works of the Indian historians.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Salfetnikov D.A. —
Vectors of industrial modernization of the agrarian regions of South Russia and its implementation in the late 1930’s (on the example of Kuban and Stavropol Krai)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 3.
– P. 49 - 60.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.3.25462 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25462
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The object of this research is the industrial process in the two South Russian regions during the years of the second and third five-year industrial plans. The author meticulously examines the essence of the industrial transformation in the agricultural regions within the framework of Soviet Modernization; importance of Kuban and Stavropol Krai industry, as well as their common and specific features. Relevance of the article lies in the insatiable scientific and sociopolitical interest generated by Soviet industrialization, methods and rates of its implementation in separate regions of the country along with the results. The scientific novelty lies in analysis of the specificity of industrial development of the two regions with the economies of rural character, as well as regional cut of industrial processes within the indicated historical-temporal format. The article analyzed the structure of the regional industry, solution of industrial tasks in the prewar period. The conclusion is made that by the end of the 1930’s the industrial development of Kuban and Stavropol Krai has entered the new stage, accompanied by the emergence of new industrial branches and administrative-territorial reforms. Krasnodar Krai and Stavropol Krai remained mostly agricultural, but in the course of reconstruction and industrial development of this period, has increased the role of light, food, energy, and manufacturing industries, as well as other branches demanded by the regional and national economy.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Igumnov D.A. —
Decease of Alexander III in coverage of news media of St. Petersburg (on the example of publishers “Citizen” and “New Time”)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 114 - 121.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.4.25818 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25818
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The subject of this research is the perception of the demise of Alexander II in news media, namely the materials of the publishers “Citizen”, “New Time”, and “Light”. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the assessment of persona of the deceased emperor, time that he ascended the throne, and his activity ad a monarch. Special attention is given to comprehension of relations between the “old” and the “new” during the ruling period of Alexander III, as well as the problem of legacy of the Great Reforms, liberalism, and revolutionary moods. The author compares the materials of three publishers and draws conclusions about their similarities and differences. The scientific novelty is defined by comparison of the materials that have not been previously compared. A conclusion is made that during the ruling period of Alexander III from the perspective of the reviewed in the article publishers was pivotal for choosing the path of the Russian society. At the same time, assessing the image of the deceased emperor, the publishers bequeathed the own political ideals to the future.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kosykh E.S. —
Legal aspects of the Soviet concession policy of the 1920’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 38 - 44.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2018.9.27384 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27384
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The subject of this research is the legal aspects of the Soviet concession policy of the 1920’s. The research is conducted through examination of the materials from central archives. It is noted that the goal of concession policy was to create the favorable investment climate for attracting foreign capital to the Soviet economy. The author underlines the concession agreement was a special agreement allowing the derogation from the Soviet legislation to the benefit of foreign entrepreneurs. Concession signified that the laws on state monopoly for development of mineral resource, conduct of foreign trade, ban or restrictions to hiring workforce, etc. did not apply to some of the entrepreneurs. The use of comparative-historical and problematic-chronological methods allowed determining the peculiarities of legal regulation of foreign concessions in the 1920’s. The scientific novelty lies in demonstration of strong correlation between the political and economic tasks in the policy of Soviet State pertinent to foreign concessions. This correlation was clearly traced in legal regime of a concessionary company. Property of concessionary enterprise was owned by the state; a concessioner was merely a hirer. The legislation provided the state with the right to control the production activity of the concession, and prematurely terminate the contract at any time. Most of the concession agreements were terminated at the government’s initiative and without compensation. Only those, close to the Soviet elites, received a partial compensation for the losses. Concession existed for as long as the government was interested in it for any reasons of international, foreign economic, or domestic economic character.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Efimenko N.A. —
The ethnic aspect of the Yuan Empire’s liquidation
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 5.
– P. 11 - 19.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.5.40644 EDN: TJZTZP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40644
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This paper examines the importance of Chinese ethnicity through the example of the historically first dynasty named the Yuan Dynasty, where the rulers were nomadic conquerors and not of Han descent. The aim of the paper is to explore the ethnic aspect of the process of liquidating the Yuan Empire and the importance of the unity of the Chinese people. The methodology of the paper includes the use of different resources, including chronicles, historical research and sources showing the realities not only from the Chinese side, but also from the Mongol side. This approach makes it possible to consider the issue from both sides and obtain more objective conclusions. The results show that the importance of the unity of the Chinese people became evident as early as the Han era, when the concept of "Han man" became politically significant. For the first time, cultural attributes were no longer the only factor uniting people, and nationality became crucial to the unity of the state. The scope of the work includes the study of Chinese history, ethnic relations and nationality issues. The novelty of the work lies in the use of different sources and consideration of the issue from different angles, which allows for a more complete picture of historical process. The conclusions of the paper emphasise the importance of nationality as a sign for state unity and show that national problems can become a factor that can weaken and destroy even the most powerful states.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Kostrikov S.P., Kostrikov S.S., Kazarova N.A. —
Reports of Swedish diplomats on the events of the First World War (based on the decryption of diplomatic correspondence)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 1.
– P. 121 - 133.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.1.69514 EDN: DOHGGM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69514
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The subject of the study is the decrypted telegrams of Swedish diplomatic missions sent to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Swedish Kingdom K. Wallenberg, intercepted by the special services of the General Staff of the Russian Army at the end of 1915-1916. Sweden, while remaining a formally neutral power, nevertheless not only closely followed the events on the fronts of the First World War, but also conducted active trade and provided transit services to both Germany and Russia, deriving huge economic benefits from this situation. The documents of this period mainly cover the events in the Balkans, where the allied forces of the Entente tried to deploy the so-called Salonika (Macedonian) front to help the Serbian army and to divert enemy forces from other fronts. Based on the methods of historicism and systematic research, the reports of diplomats who informed their leadership about the events around Thessaloniki, about the situation and actions of the allied forces and the troops of the Central Powers, about the further intentions of the opposing forces, about the fate of Serbia and Montenegro, express assessments and opinions on specific issues and the prospects for the development of the war. Since there were supporters of both the Entente and the Austro-German bloc in the Swedish elite, the following conclusions can be drawn from the documents under consideration. They allow us to assess the range of issues of the most interest to Swedish diplomats and the Swedish government, as well as the degree of their awareness, the quality of information sources and the level of understanding of the content of the events taking place. These documents are very important for clarifying Sweden's position during the First World War. Since there were supporters of both the Entente and the Austro-German bloc in the Swedish elite, it can be understood from the documents under consideration that during this period it became increasingly obvious to Swedish diplomats that despite all the difficulties, including in the Balkans, the preponderance of the Entente countries was more likely. Most of the analyzed archival materials are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ilikaev A. —
The problem of the authenticity and divine status of the image of heavenly virgins in Mari mythology
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2024. – ¹ 11.
– P. 1 - 11.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2024.11.72216 EDN: DXYTHY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72216
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The subject of this article is the question of the authenticity, as well as the divine status of celestial maidens in Mari mythology. The images of celestial maidens (for example, Yumyndyr – the Daughter of Heaven/ God) in Mari mythology are archetypal. In addition, images of celestial maidens are found in the mythology of the Finns, Karelians, Komi and Mordvins. So, Komi is the famous daughter of the sun Zaran, Mordvins – Castorgo and Vecorgo, the daughters of the goddess Ange-Patiai. Among the heavenly maidens, in addition to Yumyndyr, Mari can be noted Piambar, Yymyndyr, Yuktalche, Pampalche, etc. Nevertheless, some researchers doubt the authenticity of the image of Yumyndyr in view of the fact that it is supposedly the only proper mythological image in Mari mythology. However, Mari still has a real myth about Piambar, the daughter of Kugo Yumo. In addition, images of celestial maidens are present in many Mari fairy tales, songs, and spells. The materials indicate that Yumyndyr and similar characters act as archaic deities who have retained their connection with the aquatic environment, the cult of ancestors, as well as their magical and protective functions. As a local deity, the goddess Piambar is still revered by some Mari groups. Thus, the divine status of celestial maidens in Mari mythology is complex and contradictory. On the one hand, the images of heavenly virgins are common and popular in folklore, incantation magic, on the other hand, they are modestly represented in rituals and prayers. However, in our opinion, this does not allow us to assert that the heavenly virgins in Mari mythology became only a "reduced" version of the former goddesses. Rather, we are talking about the complex evolution of images from matrix-centered deities to folklore, fairy-tale and local characters.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ul'yanov M.V. —
State of criminology at the turn of the 1920’s – 1930’s
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2019. – ¹ 10.
– P. 38 - 46.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.10.30008 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30008
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This article is dedicated to the circumstances that directly affected the change of character of criminological research during the early 1930’s. Special attention is paid to the substantial contradictions between the representatives of the People's Commissariat for Justice and People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (NKVD). The interministerial opposition also reflected in criticism of the work of the criminological establishments that were under the jurisdiction of NKVD. The paramount importance belonged to the dispute on studying criminal activity in USSR, organized in 1929 by the sector of state and law of the Communist Academy after publication of the article by S. Y. Bulatov “The Revival of Lombroso in the Soviet Criminology”. The conclusion is made that the changes that took place at the turn of the 1930’s in the field of studying criminal activity, were substantiated by a set of various circumstances, including rival for the leadership in the law enforcement system and dominance of different government agencies in the ideological sphere of society.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Wu Y. —
The role of University of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in humanitarian cooperation between Russia and China
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 5.
– P. 28 - 40.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.5.32832 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32832
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This article is dedicated to analysis of the role of the Network University of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Special attention is given to the current humanitarian cooperation between Russia and China that includes not only the traditional spheres as culture and education, but also healthcare, sport, tourism, as well as meets the demands of both states pertinent to structuring of regional subsystem of international relations. In this context, the author reviews Russian-Chinese cooperation in educational sphere in format of Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the role of University of SCO that allows successfully overcoming different barriers on the path of regional integration within SCO. The author’s special contribution into the research of Russia-China bilateral cooperation in humanitarian sphere lies in studying the evolution of their relations in educational sector with consideration of creation of the Network University of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. A conclusion is made on substantial strengthening of institutional framework of the bilateral humanitarian cooperation due to establishment of the University of Shanghai Cooperation Organization, as well as intensification of the processes of creation of a single “educational space” of SCO that increases the level of corporate integration that caters to the national interests of Russia and China.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bozhok N.S. —
Images of the past in the festivals of cultural-historical reconstruction
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 44 - 61.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.34421 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34421
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Abstract:
The object of this research is images of the past, actualized in the festival practices of cultural-historical reconstruction. The subject of this research is the mechanisms of formation and strategies of representation of images of the past in the festivals of cultural-historical reconstruction. It is noted that the author views festival as the representative of the more general phenomenon – cultural-historical reconstruction, an integral interpretation of which allows embracing the variety of nonacademic practices aimed at studying and most accurate reconstruction of the material and spiritual culture of the past, preservation, actualization, representation and conveyance of cultural-historical values. In the context of commemorative practices of reconstruction, arrangement and representation of images of the past is conducted “intentionally, collectively and adapted for stage”. Relevance of the selected topic is defined by the fact that the reenactment movement becomes an increasingly meaningful actor in commemorative space of modern Russia, which significantly affects the formation of consensual images of the past. From theoretical and methodological perspective, the conducted analysis is based on the conceptual approaches presented in the Russian historical-culturological research on imagery. Internet resources, such as websites and forums of reenactors, social networks, and online media, served as the empirical foundation for this research. In the course of preparation and execution of cultural-historical reconstructions, the author employed quantitative and qualitative methods, including of thorough overt observation. As a result of the conducted analysis, the author determines specificity of the mechanisms for creating authentic images of the past and strategies for revealing collective representations on the past in the festivals of cultural-historical reconstruction, which have a positive impact upon ordinary consciousness.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Baranov E.Y. —
The epidemic situation in the USSR in the 1930s (historiographical aspect)
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2020. – ¹ 12.
– P. 62 - 84.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.12.34658 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34658
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Abstract:
The purpose of the study is to identify the main directions and results of historical studies of the epidemic situation in the USSR in the 1930s at the present stage of development of national historiography. Its relevance is due to the possibilities of a deep understanding of historical and modern trends in the development of epidemic processes and the assessment of historical experience in combating epidemics. Previously, the epidemic situation in the USSR in the 1930s did not become an independent subject of historiographical analysis. Two main directions have been identified. The first is connected with the conduct of historical and demographic research, the second - with research on the history of the formation and development of the healthcare system in the USSR. It is shown that the results of historical research consist in determining the political, socio-economic and environmental factors of epidemic morbidity, identifying positive and negative trends in the development of healthcare, quantifying the level of morbidity, assessing the role of infections in the structure of mortality. The historiography evaluates the level and resource potential of healthcare, analyzes measures to counteract epidemics, characterizes the role of epidemics in the onset of demographic crises, and reveals their negative impact on the processes of demographic modernization. It is concluded that approaches to historical and demographic research have changed: from identifying demographic crises, scientists have moved on to historical generalizations, analysis of morbidity and mortality based on the concept of "epidemiological transition". The results of the research show that the healthcare system has developed, taking into account the experience of population losses due to epidemics and despite the lack of resources. The emphasis in the fight against epidemics was placed on preventive measures, vaccination of the population was an effective tool.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Verchenko A.L. —
Xinhai Revolution in China: the new approaches to old traditions
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2012. – ¹ 2.
– P. 191 - 235.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2012.2.374 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=374
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Abstract:
After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 China struggled for the extirpation of customs and traditions, which hindered development of the country. Some of them like “lotus feet”, weddings on the will of the parents or fortuneteller’s advises or divorce prohibition were just prejudices in the minds of people. Others like wearing braids as a sign of submission to the Emperor of a foreign dynasty Qing were considered as derogation of the dignity of state. The thirds like smoking opium threatened the nation’s existence.
The lack of education, adherence to the old days and rituals established by the ancestors, the unwillingness of the ruling classes to lose this kind of leverage to keep the power – all these factors hindered the struggle of the progressive forces against the old ways.
The important role in the struggle against the vestiges of the past was played by the first president of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen, who during his rather short term of ruling has managed to introduce a new Western calendar, to adopt a decree on the elimination of the use of opium, foot-binding, men wearing braids, etc.
The changes took place with difficulty, causing resistance of traditionalists and lasted for many years, demonstrating that any change should take place slow, taking into account national psychology of the people, only then they will be irreversible.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Bugai N.F., Chebotareva V.G. —
Chapters of History of German Peasantry in Russia
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2013. – ¹ 1.
– P. 70 - 128.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2013.1.603 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=603
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The article reveals certain chapters in history of German peasantry in Russia, from involvement of German labour resources pursuant to the Manifesto of Ekaterina II (in 1973) until events of the XX century. Based on the analysis of documents, the authors of the article study participation of German peasants in the land development at the Volga Region and Novorossiysk Region during the XIX century and development of land resources in Kazakhstan during the XX century. Special attention is paid at active participation of Soviet germans in developing economy of the Soviet Union during 1940 - 1980. Previous articles were mostly devoted to forced migration of Soviet germans but in this article the authors focus on their life style in Siberia and Far North as well as Kazakhstan and Middle Asia. The authors describe their role and contribution to development of the economic potentials and spirits in the region. The authors provide names of Germans who were involved in different fields of industrial production, agriculture, state management, education, health care and sport.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Koroleva L., Korolev A.A., Mol'kin A.N. —
Youth Policy of the Russian Orthodox Church in Modern Russia: Problems and Perspectives
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2014. – ¹ 3.
– P. 53 - 59.
DOI: 10.7256/2306-420X.2014.3.11021 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=11021
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Abstract:
The article reviews one of the most important parts of the Russian Orthodox Church’s activity as a meaningful institution of the Russian society – working out and realization of the youth policy.
From the second half of the 1980s the state lived through a rise of interest to the religion. And the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) aspired to use the new opportunities at maximum to widen its influence, extend and even inculcate the Orthodox spiritual values among young people. The Russian Orthodox Church pays special attention to the youth because it is the youth that makes the future of the Russian society’s development.
In 1991 the All-Church Christian Youth Movement (ACCYM) was created at the congress of the Orthodox youth. On the order of the Holy Synod (January, 30-31, 1991) the Moscow Patriarchate Department for the Religious Education and Catechetesis was founded under the chairmanship of hegumen Ioann (I.N. Economtsev). In 1994 the first meeting of rectors of religious schools was conducted by His Holiness Alexis II Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.
In 2000 the Synodal Department for the Youth Affairs was opened with the goal to start missions among young people and make the youth more active. Since 2001 eparchial Departments for the Youth Affairs began to open on the canonical territory of the ROC. Since that time the annual All-Russia meeting of the Orthodox youth have been conducted. In 2002 the All-Russia Orthodox Youth Movement and the children’s organization “The Fellowship of the Orthodox Pathfinders” were created.
The methodological basis of the research consists of objectivity concepts, concepts of historism, system, full consideration of social and subjective in the subject of the research and the maximum possible neutrality in the researcher’s attitude to the interpretation and estimation of the material. Where possible, the principle of social and psychological approach have been used as well as the principles of tactfulness in the estimation of facts because the specificity of the confessional practice of the ROC were strong moral and ethical characteristics of its participants. The scientific novelty is based on the attempt to analyze the youth policy of the ROC under the present-day condition.
The reality shows that the priesthood in general accepted the ideas of the Orthodox youth service and felt its taste. And though the Church does not have enough experience in tangible embodiment of such ideas (and that makes it difficult to realize the ideas), its position about the youth service becomes more clear year by year. Giving its general support to the constructive endeavours of the Russian Orthodox Church in the youth upbringing, the government must strictly follow the norms of the Confessional Law not to violate the rights of other religions and the irreligious people of the Russian Federation.
Citations count: 1
Reference:
Ufimtseva E.V. —
Genesis of the system of law in Russian jurisprudence in the second part of the XIX - beginning of the XX centuries
// Genesis: Historical research.
– 2015. – ¹ 4.
– P. 332 - 354.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2015.4.14446 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=14446
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The article is devoted to characteristic of domestic lawyers’ and historians’ of the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries theoretical views about internal structure of Russian law, its analysis and description in connection with development of the conception of branch structure of domestic law in Russian jurisprudence in 1930-1950th. The author defines the concept “branch of law” which is using in modern conception of brunch structure of the system of law in contrast with some similar concepts of domestic jurisprudence of the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries. Besides criteria of the distribution of legal rules between different elements of structure of law in accordance with views of domestic lawyers and historians in the second part of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are described in this article too. The author was using general and specifically law methods and scientific approaches in writing of the article such as: methods of analysis and synthesis, method of abstraction, comparative jurisprudence method, historical and systematic approaches. The author describes the genesis of concept “branch of law” in domestic jurisprudence from beginning of the second part of the XIX century and characterizes criteria of the emergence of branches of law which were used by Russian theorists of this period of time, and the connection of these criteria with modern theoretical views about the system and structure of law. Besides the role of codification of legislation as one of the most important factors of development and organize of internal content of the system of law is described in the article too.
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