Abstract: The present article is the third article in a series started with the article «Being and history: relation and definition». The present article is devoted to the attributive level of definition of 'being'. The first part of the article is the introduction that contains general provisions. These provisions are followed by an explication of an essence of attributive level of definition of 'being' in terms of such ontological categories the thing, property and relation. The following part of the article describes historical forms of contrast of dialectics and metaphysics and analyzes the philosophy of Russian cosmism as it is presented by the contemporary follower of Russian cosmism. In addition, the history of post-Soviet Russia is presented as the evidence of existence of the third historical form of contrast of dialectics and metaphysics, i.e. positive and negative dialectics. The other part of the article contains the research of rarely quoted works of Jacque Derrida about Hegel. The article is ended with a very important description of particular historical properties and features of the modern age.  

Keywords: Russian cosmism, negative dialectics, positive dialectics, metaphysics, dialectics, thing-property-relation, correlate, attributive level, Hegelianism frankly, modern age

Abstract: The article studies metaphysical, anthropological and existential aspects of Berdyaev’s eschatology. The author of the article traces back psychological preconditions of the transformation of existential problems to the eschatological metaphysics. The research shows how the following fundamental topics of Berdyaev's existential philosophy are revealed: pre-reality existential freedom, its objectivation to the reality and the problem of returning human personality to that existential freedom. It has been established that for the philosopher eschatology was a symbol of transcendency of human personality  to the existence. The author of the article also touches upon eschatological aspects of borderline situations when a person faces his own death or during historical catastrophes or mystical insight or creative act. 

Keywords: objectivization, transcendency, experience, eschatology, metaphysics, existentialism, freedom, creativity, eternity, philosophy

Abstract: This article describes the main theoretical approaches to risk communication and considers the characteristics of the relationship between society and experts in the context of three models of communication. It reveals the heuristic potential of the communicative approach in the explanation of the riskogenic potential of technoscience and the formation of transdisciplinary strategies for overcoming communication gaps that arise during discussions of complex modern issues. The article confirms the relevance of dialogical approaches to the transdisciplinary mode of knowledge-production, which is directed toward a regimen of intensive feedback, contextualization, and the formation of consultative mechanisms for public participation and responsible management. It reveals the particulars of risk communication in bioethics and particulars of contemporary debates related to not only existing but also future innovations. It outlines the two competing positions (that of bioconservationists and that of transhumanists) in the treatment of threats/risks and advantages/benefits of using the latest achievements of biomedicine to change human functionalit, and ultimately, human nature. It clarifies the need for "preventive care" in handling risk-causing innovations.

Keywords: bioethics, technoscience, communication of risk, consultative models, risk, expertise

Abstract: The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of archaic mythologies and modern advertising. Comparative approach focuses on the complexity of transformations in the center of the discussion. It is shown that the process of Chaos transforming into Cosmos is the core of a myth as it is and requires sacrifice and maximum efforts from demierge subjects. Advertising, on the contrary, transmits the  ideologeme of the easiest existetial and socio-cultural dynamics. 

Keywords: philosophy, mythology, creation, transformation, rite, initiation, advertising, socialization, easiness, simplicity

Abstract: Based on the article, when photography was introduced to the academic community as an innovation, it created a new level of scientific knowledge that can create the most accurate copy of the surrounding world. There have been many alternative opinions on the origin the theory of photograph in history. The author of this particular article views the two basic concepts of the image: documentary (in the form of a report) and art-related (in the form of a picture) and analyzes special features and interactions of the photography phenomenon. The author also shares and proves his own view on the matter. The main conclusion made by the author is that photography is a quintessence, the final stage in creating  a fully adequate image by means of art or science and a fundamentally new activity from the point of view of the classical perception of the image. 

Keywords: photography, art, value, belonging to art, documentary, image, creativity, surrounding world, culture, science

Abstract: Method of modeling is not studied enough and rarely used in modern ontology and cultural gnoseology. A rare example of this method is M. Kagan’s conception describing the place of culture in the system of human existence. Some of Kagan’s ideas can be developed and completed which would allow to make changes in the process of formation of objective knowledge in culture. This is the goad of the research of the structure of ontological system that includes existence of objectivized and individual ideal approaches (elements not mentioned by Kagan). The author of the article shows that this is the part of existence (human being) where meaning, ideals and life goals of human and society are being produced. The research also shows a dialectic connection between structure of existence (which levels and forms are conditioned by the formation of culture) and the role of culture causing the variety of these elements and creating a representation of such existence elements as the human, social and ideal.

Keywords: social , ideal, system, society, human, modeling, being, culture, philosophy, material