Abstract: The relevance of this study is due to, first, the strengthening of cooperation between the Russian Federation and African states against the background of the deterioration of Russia’s relations with European and North American states; second, the change in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation since the collapse of the USSR towards African states; third, the increased interest of leading states (PRC, France, United Kingdom, USA) in the African continent due to certain factors: rapid population growth in Africa, rare-earth natural resources, good geographical location. The object of this study is the bilateral relations between Russia and Madagascar.The subject of this study is the Republic of Madagascar in the context of the foreign policy interests of the Russian Federation on the African continent. The main purpose of the study is to determine the place of the Republic of Madagascar in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation. This scientific article is based on the theory of political realism, which implies that states are fighting for their own national interests. During the research the author used the following scientific methods: content analysis, mediametry analysis, chronological, statistical. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the the identification of features of transformation of foreign policy course of the Russian Federation in relation to African states since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Moreover, the author notes the peripherality of the Republic of Madagascar in the current foreign policy course of the Russian Federation towards African States. The main conclusions of the study conducted are the determination of a significant gap between the level of economic cooperation and political and cultural-humanitarian; characterization of changes in the foreign policy of Russia towards African states since 1993; the non-priority status of Madagascar in the foreign policy of Russia.