Abstract: The subject of this article is juvenile delinquency, its condition and certain aspects of determination in modern conditions. The article analyzes the personality characteristics of juvenile offenders, their susceptibility to the influence of external factors, as well as certain issues of determining juvenile delinquency due to cases of unjustified use of the institution of probation in practice. Attention is paid to statistical data, the analysis of which allows us to establish a clear downward trend in both the number of crimes committed annually by minors and their share in the total mass of crimes committed. The relevance of the stated research topic is related to the need to study the specifics of bringing minors to criminal responsibility in connection with the specifics of this category of criminals and the need to minimize criminal actions on their part. The need to study issues related to juvenile delinquency clearly takes place in modern conditions, especially in the light of the increase in the population of the Russian Federation as a result of the annexation of new territories. The novelty of the study consists in the presentation and research of statistical data on juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation, as well as the formulation and analysis of problematic aspects of the application of the institution of probation to minors in its current form. In the light of the accession of new regions to the territory of the Russian Federation, this topic requires detailed study in order to exclude the likelihood of an increase in crimes committed by minors as a result of placing them in conditions with new legal realities for them. The main conclusions of the study are the statement about the need for further scientific research of options for optimizing the legislative regulation of the institution of conditional sentencing of minors, which in the future can contribute to the continuation of the trend towards an annual decrease in the number of crimes committed by minors, as well as generally have a positive impact on crime prevention activities in the country.