Abstract: The article is devoted to the actual problem of patriotic education of young people. The article takes a new approach to the study of patriotic disposition, rethinking the concepts of "patriotism" and "patriotic disposition." Love for the Motherland, loyalty, willingness to serve it, and recognition of its value to the individual were considered as the main components of the patriotic disposition. At the same time, patriotism is not understood by us as something foreign to the individual and, in the course of patriotic education, imposed on it from the outside. In all its manifestations, patriotism was recognized as a personality-determined phenomenon. A patriotic disposition, including attitudes, values, beliefs, being formed and included in the system of personal relationships, is reflected in activity and behavior. An attempt has been made to reconstruct subjective models of patriotic disposition in the value-semantic sphere of personality.
The use of the Repertory Grid Test allowed us to conclude that the patriotic disposition as a component of the value-semantic sphere of personality is unique and has its own systemic organization, one of the most important components of which is the value-semantic component, since it directs the behavior and activity of the individual, serves as a decision-making tool. In the systems of personal constructs, students associate patriotism with rigidity having a negative connotation. The opposite pole of patriotism – migration attitudes – in the semantic space are associated with the needs for free self-realization and security. The semantic models of patriotic disposition in the semantic space have high variability. The weak manifestation of the patriotic disposition in the personal systems of constructs indicates the importance of continuing work on the patriotic education of young people. One of the effective principles of this work can be the subject-activity principle.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the relevant problem – extremism in youth environment. The author summarizes new material on the topic, as well as introduces into the scientific discourse the description of the types of extremist personality among male high school students. The goal is to reveal the traits of extremist personality in high school students, and typologize these manifestations based on the empirical data. The scientific novelty lies in studying the characteristics of extremist personality among male high school students. The two types of personality are determined. It is established that extremist patterns in personality manifest through the following parameters: duty to endure pain and acceptance of the duty to die; propensity to manipulate; tendency to submerge into transcendental and transpersonal; level of satisfaction of basic social needs; degree of psychological stability; level of anxiety; level of identity manifestation, level of tolerance to negative mental states, level of social and communicative tolerance. The author reveals the pronounced psychological characteristics of the two key types of extremist personality among high school students. The first type can be characterized as infantile, immature personality with a severe need for love, acceptance, protection, support, prone to dogmatism and power thinking. The second type has evident autistic features: lack of nee for social relations, fear of the surrounding world, any deviations from the usual, familiar surroundings, and course of life.

Abstract: Health psychology is a branch of clinical psychology, which deals with human health considering physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects, i.e. in the context of biopsychosocial unity. Modern practice indicated that the representation on a disorder does not automatically form an “inner picture of health”. Fulfilling the task of psychological support of a person towards health and well-being required studying the integral phenomenon of health along with the factors that shape the image of a disorder or image of health. The initial aspect of any activity is the needful-motivational personality sphere. Different interpretations of the concept of basic needs of a person entail ambiguity of its use in the the practical work of a psychologist. The goal of this article is to examine the approaches towards outlining the basic needs in the context of health psychology. The author highlights three approaches towards determining the basic needs: as vital or biological needs; as needs underlying the higher needs; and ultimately, as the primary and essential for mental development and personality formation. Such perception allows formulating various approaches towards psychological correction of the consequences of frustration of basic needs. In conclusion, the author present a systematization of approaches towards consideration of the basic needs of a person, structurization of representation on the basic needs as essential and impacting the entire course and process of personality formation, which is particularly evident in the distortions of personality development in terms of frustration of the basic needs.