Abstract: The article is devoted to the ideographic and semantic characteristics of phraseological units. The subject of the study is the phraseological units of the Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar languages, denoting deviant human behavior.The purpose of the article is to identify from the phraseological composition of the Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar languages a group of phraseological units, the common semantic feature of which has an extralinguistic nature (all of them denote deviant human behavior), and to describe the semantic features of these phraseological units, taking into account the achievements of modern phraseological and psychological sciences.
The scheme of ideographic classification of the language proposed by Professor Y. F. Pradid and tested in the works of his students was used in the work. The ideographic classification has the following structure: synonymic series → semantic group → semantic field → thematic group → thematic field → ideographic group → ideographic field → archipole. Two thematic groups are distinguished in the thematic field of phraseological units "Deviant human behavior": "Criminal human behavior", "Criminally non-punishable (non-contrary) immoral human behavior".   The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of phraseology and psychology. A descriptive method was used when writing the article. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the complex mechanism of the phraseological microsystem "Deviant human behavior" in Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar languages. The complex application of ideographic and semantic aspects allowed us to obtain new results regarding the essence and semantic organization of this layer of phraseological units, the place of the phraseological microsystem "Deviant human behavior" in the structure of the phraseological system of the Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar languages.
The ideographic and semantic analysis of phraseological units combined into the phraseological microsystem "Deviant human behavior" gave grounds to conclude that the structure of this thematic field corresponds to the categorization of deviant behavior presented in psychological science.
The analysis of phraseological units denoting deviant human behavior will contribute to further linguistic research of phraseological ideography, the development of a general typology of research methods for phraseological microsystems in ideographic and semantic aspects.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of complex cases when there is a need to differentiate between subordinate parts of the sentence according to traditional classifications (the case study of the Ukranian language). Despite a great number of practical guidelines and theoretical concepts, differentiation between parts of the sentence is still an unsolved issue, especially because there are new aspects of their description appearing at each new stage of scientific research. The rationale of the topic is emphasized by the great variety of concepts and approaches to describing the place of sentence components in relation to other syntactic units, their classification, differentiation criteria, formal, semantic and communicative differentiation. The authors of the article describe means of differentiation between subordinate parts of a sentence depending on their differential structural-semantic features. They also define a set of possible synonymous transformations to define parts of sentences. The researchers also offer their own mechanism for differentiation between object and unagreed attribute taking into account lexico-grammatical peculiarities of the principal and subordinate components of a sentence. They give grounds for differentiation between apposition and word being identified. The methodological and theoretical grounds of the research include researches of F. Buslaev, D. Ovsyanikov-Kulikovsky and others. The authors have applied the method of description to write this article. As a conclusion, they state that analyzed problems of differentiation between subordinate parts of a sentence demonstrate the main drawback of traditional education, i.e. combination of semantic and formal features in interpretation of parts of a sentence. According to the authors, it is possible to avoid difficulty differentiation between structural-semantic components if traditional classification will be improved, in particular, it is necessary to acknowledge syncretism of the classification of parts of a sentence or analysis of minimal syntactic units against formal-syntactical, semantic-syntactical and communicative structures of a sentence.