Abstract: The subject of the study is the grain market of Russia and the EAEU as one of the priorities in the field of national security. The problem of illegal export of grain crops from Russia to Kazakhstan is considered. The article analyzes the issue of re-export of grain to third countries, illegal grain exports and the impact of quotas and tariff restrictions on the development of grain supplies abroad. The issue of the possibility of administering grain export bans with a high length of the Russian border, as well as the impact of such bans on the EAEU member states, is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the issue of changing the structure of grain exports and the search for new export directions.    The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the issue of ensuring the country's food security in retrospect of interaction with the EAEU member states. The current statistical data on the availability of farmland and arable land per capita in the world and in the EAEU countries are presented, data on the structure of acreage and grain production in Russia and the EAEU over the past three years are summarized. Forecasts for the volume of grain production and exports in 2022 are presented. The article analyzes the trend of increasing quotas and tariff restrictions for exporters of agro-industrial products and the impact of these restrictions on the country's food security. The issue of searching for new importing countries of agricultural products from Russia in the context of increasing sanctions is being considered. The problems of the grain market, which have worsened due to the current geopolitical situation, and ways to solve these problems at the state level are identified. The question was raised about the need to change the ratio of the shares of processed products and raw materials in the export structure, in the direction of increasing the volume of grain products with added value, whose share in the current structure of grain exports is less than 30%. Recommendations for improving the transparency and stability of the grain market are proposed.

Abstract: The subject of the study is the influence of nutrients on the formation of immunity. WHO classifies malnutrition as one of the ten most important risk factors for food security, leads to a decrease in the body's ability to form protective mechanisms of resistance to negative biotic and abiotic factors and contributes to the active spread of alimentary food and viral diseases. Over the past 15 years, the incidence of students has increased by more than 40%. Providing the body with the necessary physiologically active nutrients is of great importance in the formation of psychological resistance to stress. The paper uses the method of questioning students to find out the level of satisfaction of the body with immunomodulating food ingredients. Methods of classification, grouping, generalization and analysis, statistical processing of the results of the answers to the questions posed in relation to eating behavior. In this paper, for the first time, an assessment of the quality and safety of the students' diet was carried out to assess the potential immune status and resistance to coronavirus infection and nutritional diseases. It is confirmed that the students' eating behavior requires significant adjustments. More than 50% of students change their eating behavior while studying at the university. The diet and the recommended frequency of meals are violated. There is a shortage of meat products, fish and dairy products. The excess in the daily diet of flour and confectionery products, fast food was revealed. More than 35-40% have a deficiency of high-grade protein, ω-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, zinc, selenium. Proposals have been developed to reduce the deficiency of immunomodulating nutrients, the necessity of introducing biologically active additives and vitamin and mineral complexes into the diet during the exacerbation of the epidemic of viral diseases to increase adaptive potential has been shown. It is proposed to introduce the assessment of the nutritional status of students as a criterion of the potential adaptive potential of students to increase resistance to alimentary and viral diseases

Abstract: The subject of this research is the situation associated with the organization of control and monitoring over food safety in Russia. The authors consider the questions of inclusion of the particular food safety indicators into the legal and regulatory framework of the Russian Federation; analyze the data of independent inspection; characterize the need and importance of interacting processes between the federal executive authorities and the consumer rights protection agency. Information is presented on the possible damage caused by sales of products that pose danger to life, heath, or possessions of a consumer. The scientific novelty consists in the suggestions on expanding the food safety indicators, as well as comparison of the data on the determined nonconformities of food products with the safety indicators established by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Rospotrebnadzor), as well as the data from independent inspections presented by the Consumer Rights Protection Agency (Roskontrol). The results testify to the need for constant government control and monitoring of the food safety sold on the Russian consumer market. Rospotrebnadzor should carefully treat the data of independent inspections carried out by the consumer protection agencies, and conduct random inspections on their results in cases of evident deviations from the food safety indicators, which would contribute to growth of consumer confidence towards the authorities and services of Rospotrebnadzor, as well as reduce the volume of unsafe food products sold in Russia, and reduce the instances of illnesses caused by food.

Abstract: The subject of the research is the opportunity to increase food safety by reducing the concentration of the anti-alimentary factor, phytic acid and its salts. The author salso touch upon the question about providing enough protein in food products consumed by the popularion as well as the current deficiency of food protein and the fact that the situation is most likely to get even worse in the future as a result of the population growth. In many developing countries the deficiency of protein refers not only to the overall problem of undernutrition but also unbalanced diet when the share of plant protein containing unhealthy anti-alimentary components prevails. The most commonly used anti-alimentary components are protease, alkoloids, oligasugar, and phytates. Phytates lower the bioavailability of micronutrients and thus increases the deficiency of these life-important elements in food. The scope of the research covers such issues as the provision of population with enough protein sources and possible influence of such anti-alimentary compositions as phytates on digestibility and bioavailability of food components. The author used the method of comparative anlaysis to evaluate the technology of reducing the concentration of phytates. To define the concentration of phytates, the author has applied the method of indirect qualitative analysis that is based on the spectophotometery and anion-exchange chromatography. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors have used the method of induced autolysis to decreate the concentration of anti-alimentary components in plant protein. The authors have suggested to use the modified method of indirect qualitative analysis of phytates in bean cultures. They have received the following conclusions: the processing method offered by the authors allow to decrease the concentration of phytates in the initial vegetable feed by over 25%. The method of indirect qualitative analysis has proved to be plain but valid.