Abstract: The subject of this research is the penal characteristics of an individual sentenced to imprisonment. The object of this research is the social relations emerged in the process of determining penal characteristics of an individual sentenced to imprisonment. The goal is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of penal characteristics of a convict and suggestion of solutions to the problem in the indicated area of scientific knowledge. The main objectives of the study are: definition of the concept of penal characteristics of a convict; consideration of various approaches of penal law scholars towards the problem of penal characteristics of a convict; suggestion of the original model for determining penal characteristics of a convict. In the course of this research, the author develops the conceptual theoretical model of penal characteristics of a convict, which carries an applied character and can be used in taking a special census of convicts sentenced in 2018-2019. The obtained conclusions can be valuable for the employees of correctional facilities of penal system, as well as further scientific research on the topic.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the three fundamental concepts of the Russian Criminal Penal Law – “classification of convicts”, “progressive system of execution and serving of the sentence”, and “degree of correction of a convict”. The author examines the concept of “classification of convicts”, which lies at the basis of the separate housing of inmates to ensure isolation of various groups of inmates in order to avoid negative influence of the more dangerous criminals upon the less dangerous. The “progressive system” means that the inmates must be divided into several classes, and that based on the progression of their sentence their position must progressively improve. This defines the interconnection between the concepts of “progressive system” and “degree of correction”. Based on the study of the views of various scholars on the current and previous versions of the penal legislation, the author makes proposals for improving the approaches towards the modern progressive system, classification of convicts, and determination of the degree of their correction.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the three fundamental concepts of the Russian Criminal Penal Law – “classification of convicts”, “progressive system of execution and serving of the sentence”, and “degree of correction of a convict”. The author examines the concept of “classification of convicts”, which lies at the basis of the separate housing of inmates to ensure isolation of various groups of inmates in order to avoid negative influence of the more dangerous criminals upon the less dangerous. The “progressive system” means that the inmates must be divided into several classes, and that based on the progression of their sentence their position must progressively improve. This defines the interconnection between the concepts of “progressive system” and “degree of correction”. Based on the study of the views of various scholars on the current and previous versions of the penal legislation, the author makes proposals for improving the approaches towards the modern progressive system, classification of convicts, and determination of the degree of their correction.