Abstract: The authors give a complex characteristic to the relevant problems in improvement of the flight security system in state aviation that is based on the joint examination of the aircrafts and human factor, considering the experience of operation of aircraft in all phases of the lifecycle with concentration on aircraft testing. Two components of ensuring safety – the aircraft and human factor were being examined separately, and then comprehensively, as interrelated, cooperating, and mutually substantiated components of the unified ergatic system “airplane – pilot”. The main conclusions of this research consist in concretization of the relevant issues of ensuring flight security in civil aviation: complexity of the modern airplane, especially in organization of the information field in the flight deck; average flying skills of the majority of the current military aviators; unfinished testing of the aviation complexes; and various types of aircrafts. Indeed, each question requires a separate and more detailed examination for the purpose of determining the causes and threats to flight security, as well as understanding of them and developing a state strategy on elimination of the of accidents in state aviation.  First and foremost, it should be clear that the corner stone of ensuring flight security is the human.