Rozin V.M. The three stages of the formation a technology in modern culture

Abstract: The article introduces the distinction between the concepts of technics and technology. It is shown that technology goes through three main stages of development. The first stage is unanimously associated with the culture of Antiquity and the Middle Ages part, whentechnology could be described as a form of magic. The preconditions for the second stagerise from antiquity and the Middle Ages as new technics emerge primarily in XVI-XVIII centuries, dubbed engineering. The third stage, mainly situated in the XIX and XX centuries, involves the formation of technology. Originally formed as "technology in the narrow sense," mainly involving the technical work carried out withinin industrial production and bourgeois competition. Then "technology in the broadest sense" or "technology of major techno-social projects," emerged. The final stage is the formation of a "global technology". The author offers description and evaluation of e ach type of technoogy, as well as a comparative analysis of different kinds of work and practice, situational analysis and problematization, case studies. As a result, the author is able to show the difference and the interconnection between technics and technology, the main stages of their development, influenced by social and cultural factors and conditions. Thus, the author solves a number of long-standing problems of philosophy and history of technology. primarily in XVI-XVIII centuries

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