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Mindlin Yu.B., Kolpak E.P., Gasratova N.A. Distinctive Features of Clusters and Their Practical Application in Russia

Abstract: The subject of the research is the analysis of clusters as a practical instrument of territorial development. In modern practice there is no unanimous opinion about what structures should be referred to clusters, which creates problems for the elaboration of regional development strategies based on the cluster initiatives. The aim of the present article is to evidentiate the distinctive features of clusters and to determine, whether territorial economic structures that are being actively implemented in Russia at the present time, can be referred to clusters. Our analysis allows to state that clusters, being network (hybrid) structures, possess important distinctive features. From our point of view, the key feature, together with the territorial base of formation, should be the fact, that while consisting of different organisations, they do not establish a common mechanism of coordination of cooperation. Instead, a vast diversity of partnerships is formed. Cooperating with each other, these partnerships become a basis for a cluster. Examination of territorial structures created in Russia demonstrates that they cannot be referred to clusters, first of all, due to the administrative voluntary mechanism of their formation.  

Keywords:

clusters, territorial economic structures, hybrids, networks, territorial development, network structures, hybrid structures, mechanism of coordination of cooperation, different types of organisations, diversity of partnerships

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