Narutto, S.V. Role of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in unification of national legislation on education

Abstract: The author provides generalization and analysis of the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on protection of the right to education, as enshrined in Art. 2 of the 1 Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights. The author also studies the positions of the European Court of Human Rights on the rights and freedoms which are closely related to education, such as freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Art. 9); freedom to express opinions (Art. 10); freedom of association and gatherings (Art. 11); right to fair trial (Art. 6). Right to education includes the right to receive educational services of any level, including pre-school, elementary school, middle school and professional education of various levels, as well as the right to study in the native language. The ambiguity of legislation on education provides the space for the discretion in legal practice, and it may result in limitations on the right to education, which is not compatible with the principle of supremacy of law. The ECHR allows for the limitations to the right of education only when limiting measures do not encroach upon the nature of the right and do not contradict to other rights according to the Convention and its Protocols. One of the popular categories of cases in the education sphere, is the category of cases regarding respect to philosophical ideas of parents.

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