Abstract: Present article contains the author's assessment of the main problems of scientific providing on the prevention of corruption and stereotypes constraining scientific researches on this direction. Thus the objective need for expansion of borders of legal interpretation of corruption, for inadmissibility of its data only to simple set of separate structures of offenses is noted. The restrictive approach referring manifestations of corruption to only one public sphere used to constrain anti-corruption potential of civil, labor, and other branches of the legislation and other social regulators. On the basis of the analysis of stereotypes of science and practice existing in the sphere of prevention of corruption, the author formulates the main scientific objectives aimed at increase of efficiency of prevention of corruption.

Keywords: stereotype, corruption, problems, science, sphere, prevention, fight, researches, monitoring, index, model, register, theses.

Abstract: This article reflects the main points of the report, voiced by the author at the IV Eurasian Anti-Corruption Forum. The author noted that the counteraction and the preventive measures of corruption imposed to all public authorities in the Kyrgyz Republic. Preventive measures include the identification and elimination of corruption schemes, the protection of the civil service system from the destructive impact of corruption processes, the increase of transparency and accountability of government agencies and join forces of government agencies, civil society and business. Civil society plays an active role in the prevention of corruption: evaluates the level of corruption in different state bodies and constantly publishes reports, conducts assessments, monitoring, and analytical review particularly in those sectors with very high levels of corruption, conduct anti-corruption public examination. Every bill passes public hearings. In conclusion, the author notes the importance of the scientific potential, scientific developments in the fight against corruption and in this regard the special role is given to the international scientific conferences providing an opportunity to share experiences.

Keywords: prevention of corruption, anti-corruption policy, national strategy, public authorities, institutes of civil society, public control, transparency, accountability, monitoring, anti-corruption forum.

Abstract: In the present article the author reveals a number of problems in the field of legal regulation of building the institutional framework for combating corruption in China. The author develops the idea that the Communist Party of China has always considered the fight against corruption its main mission; emphasizes the need to close the authorities in " cell system" through the list of regulatory powers. The author emphasizes the need to create a system of protocoling, disclosure and investigation of intervention of leading employers’ intervention in justice, ensure the independence of the prosecutor's supervision and judicial authorities. The author concludes that the firm adherence to the purpose of serving the people and the successful experience gained in the process of building of anti-corruption system of the Communist Party will sure become a valuable contribution to the resolute struggle against corruption for all mankind.

Keywords: China, corruption, firewall, device, the government, powers, people, cooperation, experience.

Abstract: The present article is a report of author at the IV Eurasian anti-corruption forum. It examines the experience of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation, as well as several foreign countries of corruption prevention. It is noted that a permanent improvement of the legislation is necessary, but it is impossible to focus only on this aspect. Without a change in mindset, paradigm of values and priorities, it is difficult to significantly reduce corruption. Special attention is given by the author to the participation of citizens in the prevention of corruption. In particular, it is noted that the participation of citizens in the discussion of anti-corruption programs will combine public control and will provide the real content of the programs in the areas of countering by the power of knowledge of the citizens of those problems that they usually face. In the end, the author comes to the conclusion that only with the active position of citizens, strengthen control over the work of civil servants, increase of the responsibility of regulatory authorities for negligence in detecting corruption offenses can achieve positive results in the fight against corruption.

Keywords: corruption, conflict of interest, corruption risks, anti-corruption program, greed, government officials, code of ethics, declaration of income.

Abstract: This article presents the thesis statement by the Chairman of the CEC of Russia V.E. Churov at the Fourth Eurasian anti-corruption forum "Prevention of Corruption: New Approaches", dedicated to the implementation of GRECO recommendations by the Russian Federation to combat political corruption. The analysis of progress in the implementation of each of the twelve recommendations of GRECO, made at the third round of the assessment are given. New disclosure rules on payers of entrance or membership fees stipulated by the Federal Law "On political parties", which established new rules for disclosure of information on payers admission or membership fees are described. In addition, it is noted that the CEC of Russia in 2015 plans to definitively determine the need and feasibility of establishing a fix date for the publication by media of information on the receipt and expenditure of election funds. The procedure of accounting of contracts on borrowing funds and its execution, allowing the Russian CEC and election commissions of the subjects of Russian Federation to reveal the fact of non-repayment to the lender of the earlier raised amount (part of the amount) after the occurrence of the original terms of performance is described in detail.

Keywords: GRECO, round, financing, contributions, recommendations, loans, independence, resources, penalties, fine.

Abstract: This article presents the thesis of the deputy head of department for supervision over the implementation of legislation on anti-corruption by Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation A.S. Yusufov at a plenary meeting of the Fourth Eurasian Anti-Corruption Forum "Prevention of Corruption: New Approaches" (23-24 April 2015). On the bases of the analysis of recent changes in the legislation on combating corruption and law enforcement practices materials the conclusion on enhancing the effectiveness of law enforcement bodies, including compensation for the damage from corruption offenses is made. In particular, the examples of applying to the court for the recovery to the income of the Russian Federation of the property upon the results of the implementation of cost control are noted. In addition, the article describes the main activities of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation on the implementation of international anti-corruption standards to the Russian legislation, in particular by means of legislative work and organization of training.

Keywords: president, duty, message, control, supervision, measure, standards, cooperation, crime, GRECO.

Abstract: The present article describes the statistical data which characterizes the current state of corruption-related crimes. The author states such positive trends as: reduce of the number of recorded crimes of corruption, the objectification of statistical indicators, improve of the quality of detection and investigation of crimes, increased penalties, as well as reduce of the level of corruption in the eyes of entrepreneurs. At the same time it is underlined that due to the high latency of corruption, relevant statistics reflect likely performance of law enforcement agencies but not the real situation. In the framework of the implementation of international agreements in Russia there should be work on the establishment of criminal liability for a promise or offer or accept of illegal transfer fee by means of a legislative construct of a separate crime. The article also addresses the problems of responsible reports of corruption crimes, protection of persons reporting on corruption cases, involvement of legal persons in administrative liability for corruption offenses.

Keywords: corruption, statistics, international agreements, GRECO, report, protection, criminal liability, administrative responsibility.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the international experience of legal protection of persons reporting about corruption facts. Main attention is focused on subject composition of persons to be protected, the state guarantees of the security of civil servants and employees in the private sector. According to the legislation of the countries-leaders of the rating of Transparency International (report "Legislation on the Protection of the applicants in the Big Twenty. Priorities for Action") the possibilities of expanding the legal safeguards for the protection of informants in Russia are worked out. On the basis of systematic and comparative legal methods the author divides the research into five main sections: the range of persons to be protected, communication channels, remedies, encouraging of informants and criminal liability for violation of the rights of whistle-blowers. On the basis of a comparison of legal norms and their application the idea that the Western practice in Russia can be applied only in part due to their low efficiency is justified. In particular, the need for narrowing of the range of persons subject to legal protection and non-proliferation of status of informants to the representatives of the individual government agencies is questioned.

Keywords: corruption, information, informer, legal protection, a person who report about corruption, responsibility, legal guarantees, financial incentives, public employee, official.

Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the main speeches of the participants of the Fourth Eurasian Anti-Corruption Forum (Moscow, April 23-24, 2015), which reveals the basic vision of approaches to the prevention of corruption of representatives of public authorities of the Russian Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation, the academic community, representatives of foreign states, international organizations. In particular, the anti-corruption measures of general and specific character, including aspects of the impact of the financial issues and social control in the prevention of corruption, conflict of interest and other are considered. Special attention is given to interdisciplinary approaches and research. In conclusion of the review there are recommendations adopted at the Forum, reflecting the main directions for improving the practice of the implementation of measures aimed at the prevention of corruption offenses.

Keywords: prevention of corruption, risks, interdisciplinary studies, international conventions, public monitoring, civil society, conflict of interest, ethics, monitoring, MONKOR.

Abstract: The article 1224 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation which is devoted to inheritances, complicated by foreign elements is considered. The courts practice on determination of applying law to relations of inheritances is explored. The practice of Russian courts to determine the law applicable to immovable property situated abroad is also researched. It is noted that in resolving the issue of the law applicable to the legal relations of inheritance, the court decides the nature of the legal disputes. When deciding the issues about the law applicable to the form of the will, the courts presume that they must comply with the requirements of law of the country where the testator had place of residence at the time of drawing up such a will. Litigation takes into account the requirements of the law of the country of drawing up a will not only to its form, but also in the content of the will.

Keywords: foreign, court, Russian, law, private, international, inheritance, element, complicated, will.

Abstract: The subject of the research is the question of the admissibility of punishment (prevention, "personal satisfaction") as a function of civil liability. The issue is considered by the example of tort relations, especially in connection with the assault on intangible benefits. The comparative legal analysis of the Russian and German law is conducted. The particular importance in the development of the institute of private judicial punishment in the German law is a practice that can serve as an example for the development of Russian law in this area. It is concluded that in the Russian law in the field of civil liability the function of private punishment is not an alien. The method of comparative analysis on the example of a comparison of the Russian and the German legal experience was used in this paper. A comparative analysis of civil and criminal law in the protection of intangible benefits was made. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the punishment (private punishment) is considered as a component (function) of civil liability. As a rule, the penalty is considered to be a characteristic of public-based brunches, including criminal law. Usage of the legal experience of German law to justify the possibility of use the private punishment ("personal satisfaction", prevention) in the Russian law is explained by the similarity of the legal traditions of the Russian and German law.

Keywords: private punishment, personal satisfaction, prevention, German legal experience, compensation for moral damage, intangible benefits, tort law, judicial practice, civil liability, privacy protection.

Abstract: The article deals with the basic forms of collective investment provided by the legislation of Hungary and the Czech Republic, the stages of formation and structure of this legislation, its trends, and the legal definition of collective investment is provided. The authors prove the value of collective investment in socio-economic life of these countries. Particular attention is given to participants of collective investment, their characteristics and legal status. The article also analyzes the regulatory practice of creation of pension funds as a form of preserving and increasing of pension savings. Scientific methods of research, in particular, synthesis and analysis were used in this work. Along with the scientific methods the private law methods were used, namely, comparative legal, historical, technical -legal. The work is written on the basis of new laws adopted in Hungary and the Czech Republic, which have made a change in the existing system of collective investment of these countries. The authors analyze the history of the formation of collective investment, which took place in Hungary and the Czech Republic in the new economic conditions associated with the change in policy and the transition to a market economy relations . The issues of harmonization of Hungarian and Czech legislation with the latest EU directives were studied.

Keywords: forms of collective investment, investment fund, management company, EU Directive, privatization, portfolio investment, investment strategy, contract, asset management, insurance, investment entrepreneur, credit institutions, pension savings.

Abstract: The present article is devoted to the analysis of one of the most significant novella introduced by the Italian Company law Reform of 2004, namely, the norms governing the responsibility of controlling persons (companies and their directors) for damages caused to shareholders and creditors in the process of implementation of the control functions. The leading role in this issue played two concepts – the concept of "management and coordination" and the concept of "competitive advantages" which was used by the reform as a basis for regulating relations between the affiliated companies. The authors concluded that some elements of the legal regulation of groups of companies in the law of Germany and Italy would be taken into account in the development of Russian civil law.

Keywords: reform of law of company, group of companies, controlling company, controlled company, dependent companies, unitary direction, group of companies’ interest, conception of management and coordination, conception of competitive advantages, group of companies’ bankruptcy, controlling company’s liability, liability of director.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the correlation between the vindicatory and unjust enrichment actions in German civil law. Òhe legal nature of condictio possessionis and vindication is briefly covered. Doctrines of a subsidiary vindication and legal actions competition are compared on the basis of German Civil Code provisions, judicial practice and doctrine. The conclusion can be drawn that both doctrines apply simultaneously (on a subsidiary basis) or exclusively. The author analyzes the correlation between owner's and possessor’s interests, including a third party interests, in the course of chose’s vindication relating to the reimbursement of its maintenance expenses and related income. The conclusion about the priority of vindication because of its special nature, while making the reservation, and the alternative use of tort rules and regulations of personal legal action and opportunities of the plaintiff based on the autonomy of the will, to choose the most appropriate requirement. The study is based on comparative legal method of investigation in conjunction with the systematic analysis of the provisions of the German Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure of Germany, as well as the judicial practise of the higher courts of Germany. The novelty and urgency of research is based on the consideration of the material aspects of bringing proprietary, possessory and condictio claims. Issues of conflicts of these rules and options to overcome them are raised. Comparative legal research of property law in Russia and Germany is of particular importance at the moment, the moment of the fundamental reform of the civil law.

Keywords: possession, vindicatory action, vindicatio, condictio, unjust enrichment, limited proprietary rights, legal claims competition, German civil law, reclamation of things, property right.

Abstract: The article contains the review of academic seminar «The problems of private international law in the aspect of the reforming of the Russian Civil Code», which took place on the 12th of November 2014 in the Institute of legislation and comparative law under the Government of Russian Federation. The common questions of the reforming of legislation in the sphere of private international law and its application in practice of International Commercial Arbitration Court at the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation were discussed during the academic seminar so as certain institutes, which had been undergone transformation in respect of adoption of the Federal law on the 30th of September ¹ 260-FZ «On amendments to the Chapter 3 of the Civil Code of Russian Federation». The attention was paid to the conflict-law regulation of proprietary rights, transfer of the right to claim, agency, unjustified enrichment, intellectual property, contracts involving consumers and the obligations arising from culpa in contrahendo. The point of issue were also such actual problems as the influence of economic sanctions, imposed by Western governments against Russian Federation, on civil (commercial) relations between Russian and foreign partners; lifting the corporate veil in judicial practice, connected with the disputes with off-shore companies. The foreign participants of the academic seminar shared the national and regional experience of conflict of laws regulation.

Keywords: private international law, the contractual statute, property statute, representation, pre-contractual relations, assignment of claims, unjust enrichment, intellectual property, the sanctions, removal of the corporate veil.

Abstract: In this article the author examines in detail such aspects as the legal nature, the procedure for appealing of the judicial acts, as well as the volume of procedural guarantees of accessibility of justice of civil cases in appellate instance of the Republic of Armenia. Great attention is given to the problematic aspects of the principle of prohibition of turn for the worse in the domestic science of civil procedural law. A comparative analysis of this concept and phased study of the prerequisites of its existence in civil procedure of RA is made. The article carries a high scientific and practical value, since it is one of the first attempts to study the procedural guarantees of accessibility of justice of civil cases in appellate instance of RA. The main conclusion is that, in civil procedure of RA in appellate instance participants have insufficient procedural guarantees that enable for everyone to freely exercise their right to judicial protection and redress. Among other things, we can say that in the court of appeal in civil procedure of Armenia works principle of the prohibition of turn for the worse, which in turn is one of the many consequences and procedural guarantees of accessibility of justice.

Keywords: accessibility of justice, appeal proceedings, civil procedure, exclusion principle, guarantees, court, judicial mistakes, Court of Appeal, judicial acts, Code of Civil Procedure.

Abstract: Continental system of law, as well as Anglo-Saxon, is historically one of the generators of the legislation of its member countries. Forms of review of judicial decisions, which include an appeal and cassation, has long affirmed and recognized in the course of historical development. Continental legal system developed under the influence of French law in the XIX century. The article reveals the concept of "cassation" in French legislation, where historically cassation proceedings were conceived, and then, in the next century its formation was influenced by German law. In the countries of continental legal system the history of the institute of cassation as a form of appeal of judgment was sustained from the France of XIX century to the present day in Russia, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Romania and Serbia. The author highlights the cassation proceedings in a number of countries of continental legal system.

Keywords: criminal process, judicial proceedings, cassation proceedings, the sentence, the right of appeal, the victim, History of the cassation, the judge, the prosecutor, the complaint.

Abstract: This article inspects basis of legal regulation of protection of children from the information which is able to harm their physical and mental health according to the legislation of the Federal Republic of Germany. The article, particularly, inspects categories of information, able to harm health of children, their development and discipline. Status and functions of specialized German institution, assessing potentially hazardous information are revealed. Moreover, the article categorizes potentially hazardous information and inspects legal consequences of making a decision upon affirming materials being potentially hazardous for children. The study used such scientific methods as analyze, synthesis, comparative study, logic, historical approach, deduction and induction. The article represents a full analytic study, which researches issues, concerning protection of children from the impact of potentially hazardous information according to modern law of the Federal Republic of Germany. Scientific novelty of the research is conditioned by the lack of publications on the subjects of that problematic in Russian legal science.

Keywords: information, protection of children, materials, Federal Republic of Germany, access, audio, video, law, politics, legal act.

Abstract: Article highlights the legislative regulation of the activities of persons who voluntarily reporting to law enforcement agencies about the facts of offenses. It is not just the duty of public bodies to take and check a message of informant, but also the possibility of joining the state bodies in the case of a civil action on the side of the plaintiff-informant as part of the "qui-tam" procedure, of ways of whistleblower protections from the negative effects from workplace side as well as ways to stimulate individuals to such activities. The set of general scientific and private-schientific methods of knowledge: dialectical method, analysis and synthesis of the individual parts, the individual features of concepts, logical method, technical and legal method, comparative law method, sociological, historical and formal-logical methods, the method of the unity of theory and practice are used. The need for the study of foreign experience of legal regulation of certain legal categories is due primarily to the fact that in a globalized legal environment and its unification increasingly need to be updated correlation of domestic and foreign legal realities. Questions of the informers themselves are not new to the national legal practice, but never is not reached before the actual legalization of the status of the informant. However, these issues do not occupy the last place in the legal system of some developed foreign countries. Questions of legalization of informants are also updated in connection with the continuous development of legal structures, offering more and more new means of influencing the perpetrators of the offense, and those who have any information about preparing or perfect offense. The issue of lunacy is of the complex cross-cutting issues of science and practice, which can distinguish the criminal law, criminal procedure, criminal executive and judicial-psychiatric aspects. And because the solution of the question of the insanity of human rights concerns directly with the person, then, in addition to the criminal law, and clearly comes through constitutional and legal significance of the problem.

Keywords: criminal, crime, corruption, whistleblower, defense.

Abstract: The article studies the problem of extremism in Pakistan, its threat and causes. It is noted that many of the reasons have their roots in the recent history of Pakistan and destructive influence of external factors. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the ethnic and religious composition of the population and internal contradictions. It is underlined that in the 2nd half of the 20th century there has began an intensive resurrection of Islamic law and adoption of acts which introduced the provisions of Sharia. The author analysed the Pakistani legislation on combating extremism. In his article the author widely uses the method of historical analysis and comparative religious research of stated theme. The problem of extremism in the Near East and Central Asia is of great significance for all the world and particularly for our country. At the same time the problem of Islamic extremism still remains inadequately explored. Therefore the author aims to make his own contribution to the research of such a topical problem.

Keywords: extremism, radicalism, Islam, sharia, security, Near East, criminal law, threat, religion, criminal responsibility

Abstract: This article surveys the main stages of the institution of self-defense, as well as the key points of the evolution of the provisions of the basic attributes of its legality in the UK law from X century until now. The author examines the impact of statutory and common law on the development of the legislation on self-defense, in particular, such elements of the legal institution, as a preventive defense, defending factual error, the protection of property. A brief review of the current UK law on self-defense is given. The author notes the special role of precedent in the formation of institutions of self-defense in English law, it is concluded that this personal approach of appellate courts to judicial cases on the circumstances of self-defense and in-depth analysis of all elements of the objective and subjective sides of cases make possible to identify and secure the necessary legal elements of institute of defense. Thus, at the present time development of the institution of self-defense in the UK is an additional safeguard to protect human rights and freedoms, and an essential element of a law state and civil society.

Keywords: self-defense, legal self-defense, the history of self-defense, criminal law the UK, case law, crime, legal institution, preventive defense, actual error.

Abstract: Scientific support of legislative and law enforcement activity involves a comparative legal analysis of international law and international acts. This task which is assigned to the Institute of legislation and comparative law under the Government of the Russian Federation is actively and continuously provided by the departments and employees in the field of nature use and environmental protection, where foreign legal experience of economic activity regulation, balance of public and private interests, the separation of powers of the state and its parts, state and municipal authorities, competition of public initiatives in the field of ecology seems to be quite instructive. Forms of research are the publication of monographs, collections of articles, commentaries of the laws, analysis and synthesis of views expressed during scientific conferences, with the participation of international colleagues. The results of the research is the implementation of institutions and terms of foreign and international environmental law in national legislation, such as strategic environmental assessment, statements and claims about environmental pollution, promotion of public, industrial and municipal control, dissemination and use of environmental information; foreign partners will learn about Russian traditions of natural resources, public stay in the forests and water protection zones, attitude to the protection of national nature and its resources, the cooperation of the population and authorities.

Keywords: environment, scientific support of lawmaking and law enforcement.