Abstract: The object of the study is the social and cultural space of the city of Tambov in the late XVIII – the first third of the XIX century. The source base of the study consists of documents of several funds of the State Archive of the Tambov region, as well as plans of the city of Tambov in 1781, 1803, 1828 and 1832. The main goal of the study is to present the mechanism of creating an interactive map of the cultural space of the city of Tambov.
In the research, in addition to classical historical methods, the systematization and analysis of statistical, record-keeping, cartographic and visual sources was carried out by using geo-information technologies.
The main scientific result of the research was the samples of analyses of statistical and visual material of the interactive resource. The chosen platform made it possible to present the scientific results in the form of diagrams of the distribution of the share of different estates in separate quarters of the city, lists of demographic data on the population of Tambov; cards with reference historical data on the cultural heritage objects of the city. Specific results of the study include the determination of the number of quarters inhabited by these or those class groups, as well as the identification of whole groups of quarters marked by a noticeable homogeneity of the class composition of the population. The main methodological and technological result of the research is the provision of an efficient mechanism for analyzing urban space, systematization of data on its development and inhabitants, which can be available to a wide range of users. The information and technology of the proposed resource shows the possibilities of its use not only for research activities, but also for educational, excursion and museum work.

Keywords: demographic information, urban history, regional capital, Tambov, Google Maps, urban planning, social space, cultural space, interactive map, plan

References:
Borodkin L.I., & Selinskaya N.B. (1978). Methods of studying social history in American historiography (on the «Project of social history of Philadelphia»), 2, 46-58.
Kafengauz, B. B. (1956). City and urban reform in 1785. Essays on the history of the USSR. Period of Feudalism. Russia in the second half of the XVIII century, 151-165.
Klokman, Yu. Р. (1967). Socio-economic history of the Russian city. The second half of the 18th century. USSR Academy of Sciences. Institute of History.
Mironov, B. N. (1990). Russian city in 1740-1860s: demographic, social and economic development – Leningrad: Nauka, Leningr. department.
Mironov, B. N. (2003). Social History of Russia during the Empire (XVIII-early XX century). Vol. 1. 548 p.; Vol. 2.
Mironov, B.N. (2015). Russian Empire: from tradition to modernity in 3 vols. Vol. 3.
Kupriyanov, A. I. (2008). Russian city in the first half of the XIX century: public life and culture of the townspe

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using geographical information systems to study the process of forming a rural settlement network of the territory. The object of the study is the formation of a map of rural settlements of the Omsk region. The subjects of study are the disappeared villages of the Omsk region. The purpose of the study is to show the possibilities of geographical information systems for visualizing the map of disappeared villages. In the course of the work, the authors collected and digitized significant cartographic material reflecting the territory of the Omsk region within modern borders. This made it possible to study and analyze the historical traces of the disappeared villages on maps and plans. The authors consider in detail such issues as the development of an electronic map of rural settlements and an interactive map of disappeared villages, which allows to accumulate information collected from various sources, including non-traditional ones for historical science. On the basis of digitized materials using GIS technologies, a vector electronic map of the Omsk region was formed, on which the historical picture of the formation of the rural settlement network of the territory is reflected in layers. In the course of the study, the authors established the possibilities of systematization and registration of these cartographic materials into a single interactive map of the region with embedded attributive (semantic) data in the form of historical references and photographic materials. The novelty of the research lies in its interdisciplinarity: the use of modern information systems when working with traditional historical sources (cartographic materials) opens up new opportunities for researchers. The experience of developing an interactive map of disappeared villages using geographic information systems is necessary to summarize information and form a general picture of the development of the territory in certain periods of time. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the created interactive map allows you to preserve the history of the disappeared villages in a single systematized space, demonstrates new possibilities of historical research. The results of the work will be useful not only to the scientific community, but also to practical teachers who will be able to use the map in their professional activities and involve schoolchildren in work to refine and supplement the map data.

Keywords: rural history, rural settlement network, disappeared village, historical map, interactive map, GIS technologies, geographic information systems, Tara district, Omsk region, historical computer science

References:
Gammer, E.A., & Revina, I.V. (2015). Possibilities of using geographic information systems in historical research. Applied mathematics and fundamental informatics, 2, 113-117.
Zverev, V.A., & Tatarnikova, A.I. (2005). Development of the rural settlement network of Western Siberia in the second half of the XIX–early XX centuries: historiography of the topic. Modern historical Siberian studies of the XVII–early XX centuries: Digest of articles, 92-105.
Mazur, L.N. (2003). Ural village in the 1930–1980: main trends in the development of the settlement system. Bulletin of the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation, 4, 14-30.
Petrov, M.A., & Bankrutenko, A.V. (2018). Methods for preserving historical and cultural heritage using GIS technologies. Vaganov readings: Digest of articles, 132-136.
Rygalova, M.V. (2017). Possibilities of using GIS technologies in studying the formation and development of the muse

Abstract: The object of the study is the volosts and camps of the left bank of the Volga River (half of Prince Fyodor Borisovich) of the Rzhev Volodimerov district in the first quarter of the XVII century. The main source in this work is the scribal and boundary book of Rzheva Volodimerova "Prince Fedorov's sides of Borisovich" letters and measures of Leonty Skobeltsyn and the clerk Makar Chukarin 1624-1625. In total, the source provides information on 2,691 toponyms. The subject of the study included the localization and characteristics of the geography of the volosts, the allocation of "assigned" ones from other counties among them, the identification of the causes and chronology of their entry into the Rzhev Volodimerov county, the study of the dynamics of the development of the territory of the county from the end of the XV century to the 1620s. The work was carried out using geoinformation technologies based on the methodology of localization of toponyms of scribal description with using sources of the XVIII-XIX centuries. The use of geoinformation technologies in the work on the continuous localization of toponyms of the scribal description of the county allowed us to get a more detailed idea of the location of the administrative boundaries of volosts and camps. Such a feature of the territorial organization of the county as the interlaced location of the lands of a number of volosts and camps has been revealed. The vagueness of some internal boundaries of the county is a reflection of the instability of its territorial organization, due to the dynamics of population and land ownership during the XVI-XVII centuries. Among the causes of this phenomenon are border conflicts, oprichnina, and ruin during the period of Troubles. The work with the assembly material allowed us to establish the key role of the oprichnina in increasing the size of the territory of the county in the second half of the XVI century. Thus, the results obtained became the basis not only for clarifying the boundaries of the county of the XVII century, but also for their formation in historical dynamics during the late XV – XVI centuries.

Keywords: churchyard, pyatina, settlement, Rzhev Volodimerov County, parish, scribal books, mill, geoinformation technologies, historical geography, Upper Volga region

References:
Shapiro, A.L. (1989). The agrarian history of the North-West of Russia of the 17th century: (Population, land ownership, land use). Leningrad: Nauka.
Historical acts collected and published by the Archeographic Commission. (1841) Vol. 1. 1334-1598. St. Petersburg.
Acts of service landowners of the 15th-erly 17th century. (2002). Vol. III. Moscow.
Acts of service landowners of the 15th-erly 17th century. (2008). Vol. IV. Moscow.
Acts of feudal land ownership and economy. (1961). 3. Moscow. 
Antonov, A.V. (2002). Private archives of Russian feudal lords of the 15th-beginning of the 17th century. Russian diplomarium. 8. Moscow.
 Borzakovsky, V.S. (1876). The history of Tver principality. S-Petersburg.
Web GIS "Historical atlas of the Village pyatina of the Novgorod land according to the scribe's book of letters of 1495-1496". Retrieved from http://histgeo.ru/derevskaya.html<

Abstract: The historical and cultural heritage of the Yenisei North has been formed over several centuries. The article provides recommendations on the use of new methods related to the graphic, digital reconstruction of unique sacred objects of Russian old-timers of the Yenisei North. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article for the first time analyzes the results of research and design work with cultural heritage, its presentation by means of 3D modeling and the creation of virtual tours of the Siberian Federal University, since 2009. The author's developments on modeling the lost objects of Yeniseisk and the Lower Angara region, prepared on the basis of photographic documents and scientific and technical information, are analyzed. The information potential of panoramic photography of more than 20 objects of religious heritage of the Yenisei North, the territory of the primary settlement of Russians in Eastern Siberia is revealed.  Using the example of the information system of the Siberian Federal University "SACRA", developed by the authors, a classification description of objects and methods for providing distributed access to data on sacred objects to representatives of the professional community and a wide audience are proposed. It is concluded that such a digital platform allows to reveal the cultural potential of the Yenisei North, expands the possibilities of branding the territory, promotes the popularization of the historical and cultural heritage of the most remote territories, and increases historical knowledge about individual objects. New digital technologies make it possible to create aesthetically outstanding visualizations while preserving the historical authenticity of the reconstructed objects. In addition, it remains possible to introduce interactive technologies and publish virtual reconstruction on the Internet. The created virtual "product" has the possibility of long-term improvement, it is designed for development, expansion and possible correction.As new sources, historical information, artifacts are revealed, as well as new technological opportunities appear, the already created digital complex of the sacred space of the Yenisei North will receive both updated content and an updated creative form of presentation.

Keywords: virtual tour, 3D-modeling, creative industries, temple-monument, sacred space, cultural heritage, Lower Angara region, Yeniseisk, Yenisei North, information system

References:
Aksenova, A.V., Gonina, N.V., Dvoretskaya, A.P., & Terskova, A.A. (2019). The world of culture of Yeniseisk in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries: a dictionary of main characteristics, concepts and personalities (for the 400th anniversary of Yeniseisk). Krasnoyarsk, KrasGAY.
Ashchepkov, E.A. (1946). Old Russian architecture and the role of folk architects in it. The role of Russian scientists in the development of construction art: abstract. report scientific-technical conf. Novosibirsk, NISI, 71–97.
Balandin, S.N. (1984). History of the architecture of Russian agricultural settlements in Siberia (XVII – early XX centuries). Novosibirsk, NISI.
Baryshev, R.A., Rumyantsev. M.V., Pikov. N.O., & Rudov. I.N. Methodological recommendations for creating virtual reconstructions adapted to real-time visualization technology. Retrieved fromhttp://www.yeniseisk-heritage.ru/evaluation_guidelines/ru
Borodkin, L.I. (2014). Virtual reconstruction of Moscow mon

Abstract: The purpose of our work is to study the history and virtual reconstruction of the church of Pobeten, an object of historical and cultural heritage of the XIV-XV centuries. The method of analogy, creation of a digital model, photogrammetry, methods of historical informatics were used in the work. Special attention is paid to the history of the church of Pobeten and the work on creating its virtual copy. It describes working with various tools (Agisoft Metashape, Sculptris Alpha, Geomagic Studio and Sketch Up) to create photogrammetric and three-dimensional models of a historical object of the XIV century. The possibilities of using photogrammetry and three-dimensional modeling methods in the synthesis to create a virtual reconstruction of the Pobeten church are considered. The result of the work was the receipt of versatile historical data about the church of Pobeten and a virtual three-dimensional model based on them, which has the ability to edit: it can be supplemented with various elements, as well as integrated into larger works. The scope of application of the work and the results obtained can be historical local lore, preservation of objects of historical heritage, the use of the resulting product in museum installations. An interdisciplinary approach in historical research combined with computer science methods, specifically with three-dimensional computer modeling, provides exceptional opportunities, especially with the growth of information technology development, and is an actual tool of historical research in modern science.

Keywords: Interdisciplinary approach, digital history, Historical reconstruction, Pobeten, churches, preservation of historical heritage, photogrammetry, Kaliningrad Region, Three-dimensional computer modeling, East Prussia

References:
Hermanowski, H. (1989). Ostpreußen. Wegweiser durch ein unvergessenes Land. Würzburg: Kraft Verlag. Retrieved from https://prussia.online/books/ostpreussen-wegweiser-durch-ein-unvergessenes-land-2
Schlicht, O. (1922) Das westliche Samland: Ein Heimatbuch des Kreises Fischhausen. Zweiter Band. Dresden: Verlag von Kolbe & Schlicht.
Brick Gothic. The Great Russian Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://bigenc.ru/fine_art/text/2067563#:~:text=%2C%20отказ%20от%20фигуративной%20скульптуры%20и,Кирпичная%20готика
Boetticher, A. (1897). Die Bau-und Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Ostpreußen. Heft VII: Königsberg. Bearbeitet von Adolf Boetticher. Königsberg.
Peter of Dusburg. (1997). Chronicle of the Prussian Land. Moscow: Ladomir.
Bakhtin, A. P. (2017). Pobethen-Pobethen (Romanovo settlement, Zelenograd district). The Baltic Almanac. Kaliningrad, 16, 65-66. Retrieved from https://prussia.online/Data/Book/ba/baltiyskiy-almanah-16/Балтийский%20альманах .%20№%2016

Abstract: The article presents the results of studying the regions located on the western boundary of the Russian state of the XVI-XVII centuries. The object of the study is Toropetsky Uyezd and its eastern volosts - Dubna, Rozhna, Bibirevo and Startsova, which in the XV century formed the Moscow-Lithuanian border. Territorial transformations of these volosts in the XV-XVII centuries are considered. Based on written sources, the GIS localization of the border between Toropetsky, Belsky and Rzhevsky counties, the most important in the study of border situations during the XV-XVII centuries, was carried out. The main sources of the study are scribal descriptions of Toropetsky, Belsky, Rzhevsky counties of the XVI-XVII centuries, including previously unpublished and introduced into scientific circulation. The study was conducted using geoinformation technologies. The use of geoinformation technologies in the work on the continuous localization of toponyms of scribal descriptions of three counties allowed us to get a more detailed idea of the territory of the Toropetsky district before its entry into the Russian State. Startsova Parish stretched south from Toropets to the large Peletsky Moss swamp. Its southeastern part, lying on the left bank of the Western Dvina, was assigned to Belaya even before Toropets and Belaya joined Moscow. Rozhnya and Bibirevo in the 1520s and 1530s also went to Moscow. Finally, Dubna changed its size and status as a result of the border conflicts of the XV century and land policy in Russia of the XVI-XVII centuries. The location of the Zhukopsky pit marking the road crossing the Moscow-Lithuanian border has been established.

Keywords: Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russia, volost', cadastral books, uezd, GIS, borders, historical geography, road, Toropets

References:
Acts, related to the history of the Western Russia, 1(16): Collection of documents of the Office of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Alexander Jagiellonchik, 1494–1506 (2012). Мoscow; S-Petersburg.
Acts, related to the history of the Western Russia (1848). Vol II. S-Petersburg.
Alekseev, L.V. (1980). Smolensk land in 9th-13th centuries. Moscow, Nauka.
Andriyashev, A.M. (1930). The map of Obonezhskaya oyatina with list of parishes (269-270). Cadastral books of obonezhskaya pyatina of 1496 и 1563: Matrerials of the history of ethnic groups of the USSR, 1. Leningrad. 
Bassalygo, L.A., & Yanin, V.L. (1998). Historical geographical issue of the Novgarod-Lithuania border. In V.L. Yanin, Novgorod and Lithuania. Border situations in 13th-15th centuries, pp. 104-214. Мoscow, Nauka.
Borzakovsky, V.S. (1876). The history of Tver principality. S-Petersburg.
Web-GIS «Historical atlas of the Bezhetskaya pyatina (T

Abstract: In studies on the history of the Russian presence in Armenia, an important place is occupied by the question of the role of the Orthodox Church. Currently, there are several Orthodox churches in Armenia. One of the most interesting, the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Amrakits (Lori region of Armenia) is unique in its architecture, has a century-old history, but suffered significant destruction during the large-scale Spitak earthquake in 1988. Since that time, it has actually lost its significance as a functioning temple.
In 2022, survey work began in Armenia to determine the possibility of restoring the partially destroyed church building or (if such restoration is impossible) recreating this temple in an authentic form.
In this regard, the task of creating a virtual reconstruction of the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, using three-dimensional modeling methods, is relevant. An important condition for such work is the availability of a set of sources that allow the implementation of such a project. In this study, a source base has been formed, including drawings, plans, measurements of the church building, as well as photographs of the object before and after the 1988 earthquake. The author studied the history of the settlement Nikolaevka, founded at the beginning of the 19th century (now Amrakits), as well as the history of the construction of the temple of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the early twentieth century. The main purpose of the study is to reconstruct the appearance of the church at the beginning of the 20th century. The article contains a study of the history and architectural features of the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, as well as a description of the process of creating a virtual reconstruction and the problems associated with it. The author used SketchUp 2022, Vision, Lumion 10 as software.

Keywords: study of historical sources, cultural heritage, virtual reconstruction, Amrakits, Armenia, St. Nicolas the Wonderworker, digitization of cultural heritage, Russian church, visualization, SketchUp

References:
Belonozkin, A. E. (2006.) The diocesan architect of Saint-Petersburg A. P. Aplaksin. Life and art. Dissertation abstract for the Ph.D. in History of Arts. Saint-Petersburg.
Belonozkin, A. E. (2013.) The diocesan architect of Saint-Petersburg A. P. Aplaksin. Saint- Petersburg: Nevskiy mir, Liki Rossiii.
Blokhin, V. S. (2020). The role of projects to achive a canonical unity of the Armenian Church with Ortodoxy in the history of Russian-Armenian interfaith relations in the 19th century. Technologos, 1, 7-16. doi:10.15593/perm.kipf/2020.1.01
Borozdin, K. A. (1891). Settlers in Transcaucasia. Saint-Petersburg. 
Grigoryan, Z. T.(1959.) Accession of Eastern Armenia to Russia at the beggining of the 19th century. Moscow: State Social and Economic Publishing House (Sotsekgiz). 
Zherebyatiev, D. I. (2013.) Methods of historical reconstruction of monuments of history and culture of Russia by means of three-dimensional computer mode