Abstract: The authors consider the use of counterpulsation therapy for urgent recovery of the functional reserves of the organism in sports, based on physical endurance. The medicinal effect of counterpulsation therapy is determined by the significant improvement of myocardial perfusion in the diastolic phase, the decrease of mechanical heart function of blood output and related effects, appearing in the result of intensive pneumomassage of lower extremities. The purpose of the research is the study of the possibility to use counterpulsation therapy as a method of urgent recovery of the functional reserves of high-skilled sportsmen. The research methodology combines the methods of sports medicine, sports cardiology, personalized medicine, rehabilitation medicine and adaptation physiology. The authors substantiate the conclusion that the effect of external counterpulsation therapy on the human organism and the possibility of the fast recovery of energy resources of cardiovascular and muscular systems are the sound reasons for the wide use of this method in the interests of development and implementation of effective rehabilitation and recovery methods in sports medicine.